Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 1-2/2021

11.01.2021 | Original Research

General solutions to systems of difference equations and some of their representations

verfasst von: Amira Khelifa, Yacine Halim

Erschienen in: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing | Ausgabe 1-2/2021

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Here we solve the following system of difference equations
$$ x^{(j)}_{n+1}=\frac{F_{m+2}+F_{m+1}x^{((j+1)mod(p))}_{n-k}}{F_{m+3} +F_{m+2}x^{((j+1)mod(p))}_{n-k}},\quad n,m, p, k \in N_0, j=\overline{1,p}, $$
where \(\left( F_{n}\right) _{n=0}^{+\infty }\) is the Fibonacci sequence. We give a representation of its general solution in terms of Fibonacci numbers and the initial values. Some theoretical justifications related to the representation for the general solution are also given.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Abo-Zeid, R.: Global behavior of a fourth order rational difference equation. Thai J. Math. 16(3), 665–674 (2018)MathSciNetMATH Abo-Zeid, R.: Global behavior of a fourth order rational difference equation. Thai J. Math. 16(3), 665–674 (2018)MathSciNetMATH
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Abo-Zeid, R.: Forbidden sets and stability in some rational difference equations. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 24(2), 220–239 (2018)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Abo-Zeid, R.: Forbidden sets and stability in some rational difference equations. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 24(2), 220–239 (2018)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Abo-Zeid, R.: On a third order difference equation. Acta Universitatis Apulensis 55, 89–103 (2018)MathSciNetMATH Abo-Zeid, R.: On a third order difference equation. Acta Universitatis Apulensis 55, 89–103 (2018)MathSciNetMATH
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Akrour, Y., Touafek, N., Halim, Y.: On a system of difference equations of second order solved in closed-form. Miskolc Math. Notes 20(2), 701–717 (2019)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Akrour, Y., Touafek, N., Halim, Y.: On a system of difference equations of second order solved in closed-form. Miskolc Math. Notes 20(2), 701–717 (2019)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Alfre, B.U.: An Introduction to Fibonacci Discovery. The Fibonacci Association, Santa Clara (1965) Alfre, B.U.: An Introduction to Fibonacci Discovery. The Fibonacci Association, Santa Clara (1965)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Elaydi, S.: An Introduction to Difference Equations. Springer, New York (1995)MATH Elaydi, S.: An Introduction to Difference Equations. Springer, New York (1995)MATH
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Elsayed, E.M.: On a system of two nonlinear difference equations of order two. Proc. Jangjeon Math. Soc. 18, 353–368 (2015)MathSciNetMATH Elsayed, E.M.: On a system of two nonlinear difference equations of order two. Proc. Jangjeon Math. Soc. 18, 353–368 (2015)MathSciNetMATH
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Elsayed, E.M., Ibrahim, T.F.: Periodicity and solutions for some systems of nonlinear rational difference equations. Hacettepe J. Math. Stat. 44, 1361–1390 (2015)MathSciNetMATH Elsayed, E.M., Ibrahim, T.F.: Periodicity and solutions for some systems of nonlinear rational difference equations. Hacettepe J. Math. Stat. 44, 1361–1390 (2015)MathSciNetMATH
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Elsayed, E.M.: Solution for systems of difference equations of rational form of order two. Comput. Appl. Math. 33, 751–765 (2014)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Elsayed, E.M.: Solution for systems of difference equations of rational form of order two. Comput. Appl. Math. 33, 751–765 (2014)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Fibonacci, L.P.: The Book of Squares (Liber Quadratorum). An annotated translation into modern English by L. E. Sigler, Orlando, FL: Academic Press (1987) Fibonacci, L.P.: The Book of Squares (Liber Quadratorum). An annotated translation into modern English by L. E. Sigler, Orlando, FL: Academic Press (1987)
13.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Gümüs, M.: Analysis of periodicity for a new class of non-linear difference equations by using a new method. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 8, 109–116 (2020)MathSciNetMATH Gümüs, M.: Analysis of periodicity for a new class of non-linear difference equations by using a new method. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 8, 109–116 (2020)MathSciNetMATH
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Gümüs, M.: The periodic character in a higher order difference equation with delays. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 43(2), 1112–1123 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Gümüs, M.: The periodic character in a higher order difference equation with delays. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 43(2), 1112–1123 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y.: Global character of systems of rational difference equations. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 3, 204–214 (2015)MathSciNetMATH Halim, Y.: Global character of systems of rational difference equations. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 3, 204–214 (2015)MathSciNetMATH
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y.: Form and periodicity of solutions of some systems of higher-order difference equations. Math. Sci. Lett. 5, 79–84 (2016)CrossRef Halim, Y.: Form and periodicity of solutions of some systems of higher-order difference equations. Math. Sci. Lett. 5, 79–84 (2016)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y.: A system of difference equations with solutions associated to Fibonacci numbers. Int. J. Differ. Equ. 11, 65–77 (2016)MathSciNet Halim, Y.: A system of difference equations with solutions associated to Fibonacci numbers. Int. J. Differ. Equ. 11, 65–77 (2016)MathSciNet
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Touafek, N., Yazlik, Y.: Dynamic behavior of a second-order nonlinear rational difference equation. Turkish J. Math. 39, 1004–1018 (2015)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Halim, Y., Touafek, N., Yazlik, Y.: Dynamic behavior of a second-order nonlinear rational difference equation. Turkish J. Math. 39, 1004–1018 (2015)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Bayram, M.: On the solutions of a higher-order difference equation in terms of generalized Fibonacci sequences. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 39, 2974–2982 (2016)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Halim, Y., Bayram, M.: On the solutions of a higher-order difference equation in terms of generalized Fibonacci sequences. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 39, 2974–2982 (2016)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Rabago, J.T.F.: On some solvable systems of difference equations with solutions associated to Fibonacci numbers. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 5, 166–178 (2017)MathSciNetMATH Halim, Y., Rabago, J.T.F.: On some solvable systems of difference equations with solutions associated to Fibonacci numbers. Electron. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 5, 166–178 (2017)MathSciNetMATH
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Rabago, J.F.T.: On the solutions of a second-order difference equations in terms of generalized Padovan sequences. Math. Slovaca 68(3), 625–638 (2018)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Halim, Y., Rabago, J.F.T.: On the solutions of a second-order difference equations in terms of generalized Padovan sequences. Math. Slovaca 68(3), 625–638 (2018)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Khelifa, A., Boussaha, A.: representation of solutions of a Second-order system of difference equations in terms of padovan sequence. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. B Algorithm Appl. 27(3), 113–131 (2020)MathSciNetMATH Halim, Y., Khelifa, A., Boussaha, A.: representation of solutions of a Second-order system of difference equations in terms of padovan sequence. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. B Algorithm Appl. 27(3), 113–131 (2020)MathSciNetMATH
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Halim, Y., Khelifa, A., Berkal, M.: Representation of solutions of a two-dimensional system of difference equations. Miskolc Math. Notes 21(1), 203–2018 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Halim, Y., Khelifa, A., Berkal, M.: Representation of solutions of a two-dimensional system of difference equations. Miskolc Math. Notes 21(1), 203–2018 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kara, M., Yazlik, Y.: Solvability of a system of nonlinear difference equations of higher order. Turkish J. Math. 43(3), 1533–1565 (2019)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Kara, M., Yazlik, Y.: Solvability of a system of nonlinear difference equations of higher order. Turkish J. Math. 43(3), 1533–1565 (2019)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Kara, M., Yazlik, Y.: On the system of difference equations \(x_{n}=\frac{x_{n-2}y_{n-3}}{y_{n-1}(a_{n}+b_{n}x_{n-2}y_{n-3})}, y_{n}=\frac{y_{n-2}x_{n-3}}{x_{n-1}(\alpha _{n}+\beta _{n}y_{n-2}x_{n-3})}\). J. Math. Extension 14(1), 41–59 (2020)MATH Kara, M., Yazlik, Y.: On the system of difference equations \(x_{n}=\frac{x_{n-2}y_{n-3}}{y_{n-1}(a_{n}+b_{n}x_{n-2}y_{n-3})}, y_{n}=\frac{y_{n-2}x_{n-3}}{x_{n-1}(\alpha _{n}+\beta _{n}y_{n-2}x_{n-3})}\). J. Math. Extension 14(1), 41–59 (2020)MATH
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Khelifa, A., Halim, Y., Berkal, M.: Solutions of a system of two higher-order difference equations in terms of Lucas sequence. Universal J. Math. Appl. 2(4), 202–211 (2019) Khelifa, A., Halim, Y., Berkal, M.: Solutions of a system of two higher-order difference equations in terms of Lucas sequence. Universal J. Math. Appl. 2(4), 202–211 (2019)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Khelifa, A., Halim, Y., Bouchair, A., Berkal, M.: On a system of three difference equations of higher order solved in terms of Lucas and Fibonacci numbers. Math. Slovaca 70(3), 641–656 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Khelifa, A., Halim, Y., Bouchair, A., Berkal, M.: On a system of three difference equations of higher order solved in terms of Lucas and Fibonacci numbers. Math. Slovaca 70(3), 641–656 (2020)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
30.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Kocic, V., Ladas, G.: Global Behavior of Nonlinear Difference Equations of Higher Order with Applications. Chapman & Hall, London (1993)MATHCrossRef Kocic, V., Ladas, G.: Global Behavior of Nonlinear Difference Equations of Higher Order with Applications. Chapman & Hall, London (1993)MATHCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Rabago, J.T.F., Halim, Y.: Supplement to the paper of Halim, Touafek and Elsayed: Part I. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. A Math. Anal. 24(1), 121–131 (2017)MathSciNetMATH Rabago, J.T.F., Halim, Y.: Supplement to the paper of Halim, Touafek and Elsayed: Part I. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. A Math. Anal. 24(1), 121–131 (2017)MathSciNetMATH
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Sahinkaya, A.F., Yalcinkaya, I., Tollu, D.T.: A solvable system of nonlinear difference equations. Ikonion J. Math. 1(1), 10–20 (2020) Sahinkaya, A.F., Yalcinkaya, I., Tollu, D.T.: A solvable system of nonlinear difference equations. Ikonion J. Math. 1(1), 10–20 (2020)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Tollu, D.T., Yazlik, Y., Taskara, N.: On fourteen solvable systems of difference equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 233, 310–319 (2014)MathSciNetMATH Tollu, D.T., Yazlik, Y., Taskara, N.: On fourteen solvable systems of difference equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 233, 310–319 (2014)MathSciNetMATH
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Tollu, D.T., Yalcinkaya, I.: Global behavior of a three-dimensional system of difference equations of order three. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1: Mathematics and Statistics. 68(1), 1-16 (2019) Tollu, D.T., Yalcinkaya, I.: Global behavior of a three-dimensional system of difference equations of order three. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1: Mathematics and Statistics. 68(1), 1-16 (2019)
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Tollu, D.T., Yazlik, Y., Taskara, N.: On the solutions of two special types of Riccati difference equation via Fibonacci numbers. Adv. Differ. Equ. 174, 7 (2013)MathSciNetMATH Tollu, D.T., Yazlik, Y., Taskara, N.: On the solutions of two special types of Riccati difference equation via Fibonacci numbers. Adv. Differ. Equ. 174, 7 (2013)MathSciNetMATH
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Touafek, N.: On some fractional systems of difference equations. Iran. J. Math. Sci. Inform. 9, 303–305 (2014)MathSciNetMATH Touafek, N.: On some fractional systems of difference equations. Iran. J. Math. Sci. Inform. 9, 303–305 (2014)MathSciNetMATH
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Touafek, N.: On a second order rational difference equation. Hacettepe J. Math. Stat. 41, 867–874 (2012)MathSciNetMATH Touafek, N.: On a second order rational difference equation. Hacettepe J. Math. Stat. 41, 867–874 (2012)MathSciNetMATH
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Touafek, N., Elsayed, E.M.: On the solutions of systems of rational difference equations. Math. Comput. Modell. 55, 1987–1997 (2012)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Touafek, N., Elsayed, E.M.: On the solutions of systems of rational difference equations. Math. Comput. Modell. 55, 1987–1997 (2012)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Turk, G., Yalcinkaya, I., Tollu, D.T.: On solutions of a system of two fourth-order difference equations. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. B Appl. Algorithms 25, 85–96 (2018)MathSciNetMATH Turk, G., Yalcinkaya, I., Tollu, D.T.: On solutions of a system of two fourth-order difference equations. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impuls. Syst. Ser. B Appl. Algorithms 25, 85–96 (2018)MathSciNetMATH
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Vajda, S.: Fibonacci and Lucas numbers and the golden section : Theory and applications. Ellis Horwood Limited, (1989) Vajda, S.: Fibonacci and Lucas numbers and the golden section : Theory and applications. Ellis Horwood Limited, (1989)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Yalçinkaya, I., El-Metwally, H., Hamza, A.E.: Periodic solutions for some systems of difference equations. Konualp J. Math. 8(1), 114–121 (2020)MathSciNet Yalçinkaya, I., El-Metwally, H., Hamza, A.E.: Periodic solutions for some systems of difference equations. Konualp J. Math. 8(1), 114–121 (2020)MathSciNet
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Yazlik, Y., Tollu, D.T., Taskara, N.: On the solutions of difference equation systems with Padovan numbers. Appl. Math. 12, 15–20 (2013)MATHCrossRef Yazlik, Y., Tollu, D.T., Taskara, N.: On the solutions of difference equation systems with Padovan numbers. Appl. Math. 12, 15–20 (2013)MATHCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Yazlik, Y., Tollu, D.T., Taskara, N.: Behaviour of solutions for a system of two higher-order difference equations. J. Sci. Arts 45(4), 813–826 (2018)MATH Yazlik, Y., Tollu, D.T., Taskara, N.: Behaviour of solutions for a system of two higher-order difference equations. J. Sci. Arts 45(4), 813–826 (2018)MATH
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Yazlik, Y., Kara, M.: On a solvable system of difference equations of higher-order with period two coefficients. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics. 68(2), 1675–1693 (2019) Yazlik, Y., Kara, M.: On a solvable system of difference equations of higher-order with period two coefficients. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics. 68(2), 1675–1693 (2019)
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Yazlik, Y., Kara, M.: Beşinci mertebeden fark denklem sisteminin çözülebilirliği üzerine. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi B-Teorik Bilimler. 7(1), 29–45 (2019) Yazlik, Y., Kara, M.: Beşinci mertebeden fark denklem sisteminin çözülebilirliği üzerine. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi B-Teorik Bilimler. 7(1), 29–45 (2019)
Metadaten
Titel
General solutions to systems of difference equations and some of their representations
verfasst von
Amira Khelifa
Yacine Halim
Publikationsdatum
11.01.2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing / Ausgabe 1-2/2021
Print ISSN: 1598-5865
Elektronische ISSN: 1865-2085
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12190-020-01476-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1-2/2021

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 1-2/2021 Zur Ausgabe