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AI & SOCIETY

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26.05.2021 | Original Article

In principle obstacles for empathic AI: why we can’t replace human empathy in healthcare

verfasst von: Carlos Montemayor, Jodi Halpern, Abrol Fairweather

Erschienen in: AI & SOCIETY | Ausgabe 4/2022

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Abstract

What are the limits of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the relational aspects of medical and nursing care? There has been a lot of recent work and applications showing the promise and efficiency of AI in clinical medicine, both at the research and treatment levels. Many of the obstacles discussed in the literature are technical in character, regarding how to improve and optimize current practices in clinical medicine and also how to develop better data bases for optimal parameter adjustments and predictive algorithms. This paper argues that there are also in principle obstacles to the application of AI in clinical medicine and care where empathy is important, and that these problems cannot be solved with any of the technical and theoretical approaches that shape the current application of AI in specific areas of clinical medicine in which care for patients is fundamental. This is important, because it generates specific risks that may be overlooked otherwise, and it justifies the necessity of human monitoring and emotional intervention in clinical medicine. Consequently, difficult issues concerning moral and legal responsibility may ensue if these in principle problems are ignored.

Vorheriger Artikel AI and social theory

Nächster Artikel Artificial intelligence in hospitals: providing a status quo of ethical considerations in academia to guide future research

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Since our argument does not depend on phenomenal consciousness or qualia per se, but rather on the motivational aspects of empathic engagement through the second person/attentional perspective, it also constitutes an in principle objection to future artificially “conscious” systems that are conceived in terms of a non-organic substrate with a similar cognitive architecture. In particular, Susan Schneider’s (2019) “substrate problem” or the difficulty that we don’t know if chip-substrates with a complex architecture could be conscious or not, does not affect our argument, because these hypothetical systems would lack the motivational perspective that attentional engagement provides, which is an essentially social and emotional phenomenon.

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Titel: In principle obstacles for empathic AI: why we can’t replace human empathy in healthcare
verfasst von: Carlos Montemayor
Jodi Halpern
Abrol Fairweather
Publikationsdatum: 26.05.2021
Verlag: Springer London
Erschienen in: AI & SOCIETY / Ausgabe 4/2022
Print ISSN: 0951-5666
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-5655
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01230-z

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