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Erschienen in:
2006 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Independent Zero-Knowledge Sets
verfasst von : Rosario Gennaro, Silvio Micali
Erschienen in: Automata, Languages and Programming
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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We define and construct
Independent Zero-Knowledge Sets (ZKS) protocols
. In a ZKS protocols, a Prover commits to a set
S
, and for any
x
, proves non-interactively to a Verifier if
x
∈
S
or
x
∉
S
without revealing any other information about
S
. In the
independent
ZKS protocols we introduce, the adversary is prevented from successfully correlate her set to the one of a honest prover. Our notion of independence in particular implies that the resulting ZKS protocol is non-malleable.
On the way to this result we define the notion of
independence
for commitment schemes. It is shown that this notion implies non-malleability, and we argue that this new notion has the potential to simplify the design and security proof of non-malleable commitment schemes.
Efficient implementations of ZKS protocols are based on the notion of
mercurial commitments
. Our efficient constructions of independent ZKS protocols requires the design of
new
commitment schemes that are simultaneously independent (and thus non-malleable) and mercurial.