4. International Status

The quantum of translational research in developed countries is generally high, with a better research ecosystem, having hospitals attached to many research centres. As we have seen in the previous chapter, high quality research is ongoing in academia and national labs, in India. However, the ecosystem in India is not yet sufficiently developed to allow a streamlined and efficient approach to product development and translation. In many developed nations, there are well-developed regulatory frameworks in place, better connectivity between biomedical manufacturers and private companies, more corporate funding for research, and well-developed contract research organisations. This chapter is intended to highlight the translational research activities, which are key examples of successful research ecosystems. The examples shown in the geographical map are no way meant to be an exhaustive list, but represent the work of major multi-institutional research centres around the globe. An overview of the work of major research groups is summarised in Appendix C.