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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Kinetic Consistency and Relevance in Belief Revision

verfasst von : Pavlos Peppas, Mary-Anne Williams

Erschienen in: Logics in Artificial Intelligence

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

A critical aspect of rational belief revision that has been neglected by the classical AGM framework is what we call the principle of kinetic consistency. Loosely speaking, this principle dictates that the revision policies employed by a rational agent at different belief sets, are not independent, but ought to be related in a certain way. We formalise kinetic consistency axiomatically and semantically, and we establish a representation result explicitly connecting the two. We then combine the postulates for kinetic consistency, with Parikh’s postulate for relevant change, and add them to the classical AGM postulates for revision; we call this augmented set the extended AGM postulates. We prove the consistency and demonstrate the scope of the extended AGM postulates by showing that a whole new class of concrete revision operators introduced hererin, called PD operators, satisfies all extended AGM postulates. PD operators are of interest in their own right as they are natural generalisations of Dalal’s revision operator. We conclude the paper with some examples illustrating the strength of the extended AGM postulates, even for iterated revision scenarios.

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Fußnoten
1
In fact in [9], Parikh conjectured that no classical AGM revision function survives (wP). This was later refuted in [11].
 
2
To be precise, Katsuno and Mendelzon represent an agent’s beliefs by a sentence rather than a theory. Hence they assign preorders to sentences rather than to theories. We use theories in order to adhere more closely to the original AGM approach. Since we deal only with languages built over finitely many variables, the difference is immaterial.
 
3
A partition \(Q'\) refines another partition Q, iff for every \(Q'_i \in Q'\) there is \(Q_j \in Q\), such that \(Q'_i \subseteq Q_j\).
 
4
Since https://static-content.springer.com/image/chp%3A10.1007%2F978-3-319-48758-8_26/421441_1_En_26_IEq449_HTML.gif is a total preorder and \([K]\) is finite (because P is assumed to be finite), such a minimal element always exists.
 
5
To see that such a world indeed exists, consider the sentence \(\varphi \) defined as the conjunction of all literals in \(r\) that are built from variables in \(P-{{ Diff}}( K,r )\). Clearly then, \(r\,\models \, \psi \). Moreover, \(\lnot \psi \not \in K\), for otherwise \({{ Diff}}( K,r )\) would include variables from \(P-{{ Diff}}( K,r )\), which is of course a contradiction. Hence there is a \(u\in [K]\) such that \(u\,\models \, \psi \). By the construction of \(\psi \) it follows that \(u\) agrees with \(r\) on all variables outside \({{ Diff}}( K,r )\).
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Alchourron, C., Gardenfors, P., Makinson, D.: On the logic of theory change: partial meet functions for contraction and revision. J. Symbol. Logic 50, 510–530 (1985)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Alchourron, C., Gardenfors, P., Makinson, D.: On the logic of theory change: partial meet functions for contraction and revision. J. Symbol. Logic 50, 510–530 (1985)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Dalal, M.: Investigations into theory of knowledge base revision: preliminary report. In: Proceedings of 7th National Conference of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 1988), pp. 475–479 (1988) Dalal, M.: Investigations into theory of knowledge base revision: preliminary report. In: Proceedings of 7th National Conference of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 1988), pp. 475–479 (1988)
6.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Parikh, R.: Beliefs, belief revision, and splitting languages. In: Logic, Language, and Computation - CSLI Lecture Notes, vol. 2, pp. 266–278. CSLI Publications (1999) Parikh, R.: Beliefs, belief revision, and splitting languages. In: Logic, Language, and Computation - CSLI Lecture Notes, vol. 2, pp. 266–278. CSLI Publications (1999)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Peppas, P.: Belief revision. In: van Harmelen, F., Lifschitz, V., Porter, B. (eds.) Handbook of Knowledge Representation, pp. 317–359. Elsevier Science (2008) Peppas, P.: Belief revision. In: van Harmelen, F., Lifschitz, V., Porter, B. (eds.) Handbook of Knowledge Representation, pp. 317–359. Elsevier Science (2008)
11.
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Peppas, P.: A panorama of iterated revision. In: Ove Hansson, S. (ed.) David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems. Outstanding Contributions to Logic, pp. 71–94. Springer, Netherlands (2014)CrossRef Peppas, P.: A panorama of iterated revision. In: Ove Hansson, S. (ed.) David Makinson on Classical Methods for Non-Classical Problems. Outstanding Contributions to Logic, pp. 71–94. Springer, Netherlands (2014)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Kinetic Consistency and Relevance in Belief Revision
verfasst von
Pavlos Peppas
Mary-Anne Williams
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48758-8_26

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