nach oben

Erschienen in:

2009 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

20. Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Biomedicine

verfasst von : Carlos Bárcena, Amandeep K. Sra, Jinming Gao

Erschienen in: Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications

Verlag: Springer US

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles have played an increasing role in biomedical applications and have been the subject of extensive research investigations. Physical properties, including nanoparticle size, composition, and surface chemistry, vary widely and influence their biological and pharmacological properties and, ultimately, their clinical applications. Among different magnetic nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) were found nontoxic and used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, in molecular and cellular imaging applications. SPIOs are used in detection of liver metastases, metastatic lymph nodes, and inflammatory and/or neural degenerative diseases. In addition, drug delivery via magnetic targeting, hyperthermia, and labeling/ tracking of stem cells have also been explored as potential therapeutic options.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Magnetic Manipulation of Colloidal Particles

Nächstes Kapitel Nano-Magnetophotonics

Ai, H., et al.: Magnetite-loaded polymeric micelles as ultrasensitive magnetic-resonance probes. Adv. Mater. 17, 1949–1952 (2005)CrossRef

Albregts, M., et al.: A feasibility study in oesophageal carcinoma using deep loco-regional hyperthermia combined with concurrent chemotherapy followed by surgery. Int. J. Hyperthermia 20, 647–659 (2004)CrossRef

Alexiou, C., et al.: Locoregional cancer treatment with magnetic drug targeting. Cancer Res. 60, 6641–6648 (2000)

Alexiou, C., et al.: Magnetic drug targeting: biodistribution and dependency on magnetic field strength. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 252, 363–366 (2002)CrossRef

Alexiou, C., et al.: In vitro and in vivo investigations of targeted chemotherapy with magnetic nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 293, 389–393 (2005)CrossRef

Alvarez Secord, A., et al.: Phase I/II trial of intravenous Doxil^® and whole abdomen hyperthermia in patients with refractory ovarian cancer. Int. J. Hyperthermia 21, 333–347 (2005)CrossRef

Amsalem, Y., et al.: Iron-oxide labeling and outcome of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells in the infarcted myocardium. Circulation 116(suppl. I), I-38–I-45 (2007)CrossRef

Anastase, S., et al.: Affinity chromatography of human anti-dextran antibodies: isolation of two distinct populations. J. Chromatogr. B, Biomed. Sci. Appl. 686, 141–150 (1996)CrossRef

Anderson, S.A., et al.: Noninvasive MR imaging of magnetically labeled stem cells to directly identify neovasculature in a glioma model. Blood 105, 420–425 (2005)CrossRef

10.

Anzai, Y., et al.: Initial clinical experience with dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide for detection of lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck cancer. Radiology 192, 709–715 (1994)

11.

Anzai, Y., et al.: Initial clinical experience with dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide for detection of lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck cancer. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 7, 75–81 (1997)CrossRef

12.

Anzai, Y., et al.: Evaluation of neck and body metastases to nodes with ferumoxtran 10-enhanced MR imaging: phase III safety and ffficacy study. Radiology 228, 777–788 (2003)CrossRef

13.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: Ferumoxides-enhanced double-echo T2-weighted MR imaging in differentiating metastases from nonsolid benign lesions of the liver. Radiology 225, 151–158 (2002)CrossRef

14.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: Characterization of biophysical and metabolic properties of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and transfection agent for cellular MR imaging. Radiology 229, 838–846 (2003)CrossRef

15.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: In vivo trafficking and targeted delivery of magnetically labelled stem cells. Hum. Gene Ther. 15, 351–360 (2004)CrossRef

16.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: Comparison of transfection agents in forming complexes with ferumoxides, cell labeling efficiency, and cellular viability. Mol. Imag. 3, 24–32 (2004)CrossRef

17.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: Labeling of cells with ferumoxides-protamine sulfate complexes does not inhibit function or differentiation capacity of hematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells. NMR Biomed. 18, 553–559 (2005)CrossRef

18.

Arbab, A.S., et al.: Labeled endothelial progenitor cells trafficking to sites of tumor angiogenesis magnetic resonance imaging and confocal microscopy studies of magnetically. Stem Cells 24, 671–678 (2006)CrossRef

19.

Arruebo, M., et al.: Antibody-functionalized hybrid superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Adv. Funct. Mater. 17, 1473–1479 (2007)CrossRef

20.

Artemov, D., et al.: MR molecular imaging of the Her-2/neu receptor in breast cancer cells using targeted iron oxide nanoparticles. Magn. Reson. Med. 49, 403–408 (2003)CrossRef

21.

Artemov, D., et al.: Magnetic resonance molecular imaging of the HER-2/neu receptor. Cancer Res. 63, 2723–2727 (2003)

22.

Babes, L., et al.: Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles used as MRI contrast agents: a parametric study. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 212, 474–482 (1999)CrossRef

23.

Bach-Gansmo, T.: Ferrimagnetic susceptibility contrast agents. Acta Radiol. Suppl. 387, 1–30 (1993)

24.

Bach-Gansmo, T., et al.: Abdominal MRI using a negative contrast agent. Br. J. Radiol. 66, 420–425 (1993)CrossRef

25.

Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals: Feridex^®. http://imaging.bayerhealthcare.com/html/feridex/index.html (2007). Accessed 5 November 2007

26.

Bee, A., et al.: Synthesis of very fine maghemite particles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 149, 6–9 (1995)CrossRef

27.

Belin, T., et al.: Influence of grain size, oxygen stoichiometry, and synthesis conditions on the γ-Fe₂O₃ vacancies ordering and lattice parameters. J. Solid State Chem. 163, 459–465 (2002)CrossRef

28.

Ben-Hur, T., et al.: Serial in vivo MR tracking of magnetically labeled neural spheres transplanted in chronic EAE mice. Magn. Reson. Med. 57, 164–171 (2007)CrossRef

29.

Bjørnerud, A., et al.: Assessment of T₁ and T₂ ^* effects in vivo and ex vivo using iron oxide nanoparticles in steady state—dependence on blood volume and water exchange. Magn. Reson. Med. 47, 461–471 (2002)

30.

Bonnemain, B.: Superparamagnetic agents in magnetic resonance imaging. Physicochemical characteristics and clinical application. A review. J. Drug Target. 6, 167–174 (1998)CrossRef

31.

Bos, C., et al.: In vivo MR imaging of intravascularly injected magnetically labeled stem cells in rat kidney and liver. Radiology 233, 781–789 (2004)CrossRef

32.

Boudghëne, F.P., et al.: Contribution of oral magnetic particles in MR imaging of the abdomen with spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 3, 107–112 (1993)CrossRef

33.

Brusentsov, N.A., et al.: Evaluation of ferromagnetic fluids and suspensions for the site-specific radiofrequency-induced hyperthermia of MX11 sarcoma cells in vitro. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 225, 113–117 (2001)CrossRef

34.

Bulte, J.W.M., et al.: Neurotransplantation of magnetically labeled oligodendrocytes progenitors: magnetic resonance tracking of cell migration and myelination. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96, 15256–15261 (1999)CrossRef

35.

Bulte, J.W.M. and Kraitchman, D.L.: Iron oxide MR contrast agents for molecular and cellular imaging. NMR Biomed. 17, 484–499 (2004)CrossRef

36.

Butle, J.W., et al.: Specific MR imaging of human lymphocytes by monoclonal antibody-guided dextran-magnetite particles. Magn. Reson. Med. 25, 148–157 (1992)CrossRef

37.

Cahill, K.S., et al.: Noninvasive monitoring and tracking of muscle stem cell transplant. Transplantation 78, 1626–1633 (2004)CrossRef

38.

Carreño, T.G., et al.: Preparation of homogeneous Zn/Co mixed oxides by spray pyrolysis. Mater. Chem. Phys. 27, 287–296 (1991)CrossRef

39.

Cerdan, S., et al.: Monoclonal antibody-coated magnetite particles as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging of tumors. Magn. Reson. Med. 12, 151–163 (1989)CrossRef

40.

Cheng, F.-Y., et al.: Characterization of aqueous dispersions of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and their biomedical applications. Biomaterials 26, 729–738 (2005)CrossRef

41.

Choi, H.S., et al.: Renal clearance of quantum dots. Nat. Biotechnol. 25, 1165–1170 (2007)CrossRef

42.

Choi, J.-S., et al.: Biocompatible heterostructured nanoparticles for multimodal biological detection. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 15982–15983 (2006)CrossRef

43.

Corot, C., et al.: Recent advances in iron oxide nanocrystal technology for medical imaging. Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 58, 1471–1504 (2006)CrossRef

44.

Daldrup-Link, H.E., et al.: Macromolecular contrast medium (Feruglose) versus small molecular contrast medium (Gadopentetate) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions. Acad. Radiol. 10, 1237–1246 (2003)CrossRef

45.

Damadian, R.: Tumor detection by nuclear magnetic resonance. Science 171, 1151–1153 (1971)CrossRef

46.

Damadian, R.: Apparatus and method for detecting cancer in tissue. US Patent 3,789,832: February 5, 1974

47.

Dandamudi, S. and Campbell, R.B.: The drug loading, cytotoxicty and tumor vascular targeting characteristics of magnetite in magnetic drug targeting. Biomaterials 28, 4673–4683 (2007)CrossRef

48.

Decher, G.: Fuzzy nanoassemblies: toward layered polymeric multicomposites. Science 277, 1232–1237 (1997)CrossRef

49.

Deng, Y., et al.: Preparation of magnetic polymeric particles via inverse microemulsion polymerization process. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 257, 69–78 (2003)CrossRef

50.

Duterloo, H.S.: Historic publication on the first use of magnets in orthodontics. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 108, 15A–16A (1995)

51.

Dutton, A.H., et al.: Iron-dextran antibody conjugates: general method for simultaneous staining of two components in high-resolution immunoelectron microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 76, 3392–3396 (1979)CrossRef

52.

Fajardo, L.F.: Pathological effects of hyperthermia in normal tissues. Cancer Res. 44(suppl.), 4826s–4835s (1984)

53.

Fauconnier, N., et al.: Thiolation of maghemite nanoparticles by dimercaptosuccinic acid. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 194, 427–433 (1997)CrossRef

54.

Fishbane, S., et al.: The safety of intravenous iron dextran in hemodialysis patients. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 28, 529–534 (1996)CrossRef

55.

Forbes, Z.G., et al.: An approach to targeted drug delivery based on uniform magnetic fields. IEEE Trans. Magn. 39, 3372–3377 (2003)CrossRef

56.

Funovics, M.A., et al.: MR imaging of the her2/neu and 9.2.27 tumor antigens using immunospecific contrast agents. Magn. Reson. Imaging 22, 843–850 (2004)CrossRef

57.

Gallo, J.M., et al.: Targeting anticancer drugs to the brain: II. Physiological pharmacokinetic model of oxantrazole following intraarterial administration to rat glioma-2 (RG-2) bearing rats. J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 21, 575–592 (1993)CrossRef

58.

Gittins, D.I. and Caruso, F.: Spontaneous phase transfer of nanoparticulate metals from organic to aqueous media. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 40, 3001–3004 (2001)CrossRef

59.

Glöckl, G., et al.: The effect of field parameters, nanoparticle properties and immobilization on the specific heating power in magnetic particle hyperthermia. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, S2935–S2949 (2006)CrossRef

60.

Gomi, T., et al.: Evaluation of the changes in signals from the spleen using ferucarbotran. Radiat. Med. 25, 135–138 (2007)CrossRef

61.

Goya, F.G., et al.: Static and dymanic magnetic properties of spherical magnetite nanoparticles. J. Appl. Phys. 94, 3520–3528 (2003)CrossRef

62.

Grief, A.D. and Richardson, G.: Mathematical modelling of magnetically targeted drug delivery. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 293, 455–463 (2005)CrossRef

63.

Groman, E.V.: Biologically degradable superparamagnetic materials for use in clinical applications. US Patent 4,827,945: May 9, 1989

64.

Gupta, A.K. and Wells, S.: Surface-modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery: preparation, characterization, and cytotoxicity. IEEE Trans. Nanobiosci. 3, 66–73 (2004)CrossRef

65.

Gupta, A.K. and Curtis, A.S.G.: Surface modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery: interaction studies with human fibroblasts in culture. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 15, 493–496 (2004)CrossRef

66.

Gupta, A.K. and Gupta, M.: Cytotoxicity suppression and cellular uptake enhancement of surface modified magnetic nanoparticles. Biomaterials 26, 1565–1573 (2005)CrossRef

67.

Gupta, A.K. and Gupta, M.: Synthesis and surface engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 26, 3995–4021 (2005)CrossRef

68.

Guzman, R., et al.: Long-term monitoring of transplanted human neural stem cells in developmental and pathological contexts with MRI. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104, 10211–10216 (2007)CrossRef

69.

Häfeli, U.: The History of Magnetism in Medicine. In: Andrä, W. and Nowak, H. (eds.) Magnetism in Medicine: A Handbook, Second Edition, pp. 1–25. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim (2007)

70.

Hahn, P.F., et al.: First clinical trials of a new superparamagnetic iron oxide for the use as an oral gastrointestinal contrast agent in MR imaging. Radiology 175, 695–700 (1990)

71.

Harisinghani, M.G., et al.: Splenic imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide ferumoxtran-10 (AMI-7227): preliminary observations. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 25, 770–776 (2001)CrossRef

72.

Harisinghani, M.G., et al.: Noninvasive detection of clinically occult lymph-node metastases in prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 2491–2499 (2003)CrossRef

73.

Hasegawa, M. and Hokkoku, S.: Magnetic iron oxide-dextran complex and process for its production. US Patent 4,101,435: July 18, 1978

74.

Hergt, R., et al.: Magnetic particle hyperthermia: nanoparticle magnetism and materials development for cancer therapy. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, S2919–S2934 (2006)CrossRef

75.

Hill, J.M., et al.: Serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of injected mesenchymal stem cells. Circulation 108, 1009–1014 (2003)CrossRef

76.

Himes, N., et al.: In vivo MRI of embryonic stem cells in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Magn. Reson. Med. 52, 1214–1219 (2004)CrossRef

77.

Hogemann, D., et al.: High throughput magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating targeted nanoparticle probes. Bioconjug. Chem. 13, 116–121 (2002)CrossRef

78.

Hong, R., et al.: Comparison of schemes for preparing magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. China Particuology 5, 186–191 (2007)CrossRef

79.

Hu, D.E., et al.: Monitoring T-lymphocyte trafficking in tumors undergoing immune rejection. Magn. Reson. Med. 54, 1473–1479 (2005)CrossRef

80.

Hyeon, T., et al.: Synthesis of highly crystalline and monodisperse maghemite nanocrystallites without a size-selection process. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 12798–12801 (2001)CrossRef

81.

Hyeon, T., et al.: Synthesis of highly crystalline and monodisperse cobalt ferrite nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 6831–6833 (2002)CrossRef

82.

Ichikawa, T., et al.: MRI of transgene expression: correlation to therapeutic gene expression. Neoplasia 4, 523–530 (2002)CrossRef

83.

Igartua, M., et al.: Development and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with magnetite. Int. J. Pharm. 233, 149–157 (2002)CrossRef

84.

Ittrich, H., et al.: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of iron oxide-labeled, arterially-injected mesenchymal stem cells in kidneys of rats with acute ischemic kidney injury: detection and monitoring at 3T. J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 25, 1179–1191 (2007)CrossRef

85.

Jacobsen, T.F., et al.: Oral magnetic particles (ferristene) as a contrast medium in abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. Acad. Radiol. 3, 571–580 (1996)CrossRef

86.

Jendelova, P., et al.: Magnetic resonance tracking of transplanted bone marrow and embryonic stem cells labeled by iron oxide nanoparticles in rat brain and spinal cord. J. Neurosci. Res. 76, 232–243 (2004)CrossRef

87.

Johannsen, M., et al.: Clinical hyperthermia of prostate cancer using magnetic nanoparticles: presentation of a new interstitial technique. Int. J. Hyperthermia 21, 637–647 (2005)CrossRef

88.

Johansson, L.O., et al.: A targeted contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of thrombus: implications of spatial resolution. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13, 615–618 (2001)CrossRef

89.

Josephson, L., et al.: High-efficiency intracellular magnetic labeling with novel superparamagnetic-tat peptide conjugates. Bioconjug. Chem. 10, 186–191 (1999)CrossRef

90.

Ju, S., et al.: In Vivo MR tracking of mesenchymal stem cells in rat liver after intrasplenic transplantation. Radiology 245, 206–215 (2007)CrossRef

91.

Jun, Y.-W., et al.: Nanoscale size effect of magnetic nanocrystals and their utilization for cancer diagnosis via magnetic resonance imaging. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 5732–5733 (2005)CrossRef

92.

Jung, C.W. and Jacobs, P.: Physical and chemical properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide MR contrast agents: ferumoxides, ferumoxtran, ferumoxsil. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13, 661–674 (1995)CrossRef

93.

Jurgons, R., et al.: Drug loaded magnetic nanoparticles for cancer therapy. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, S2893–S2902 (2006)CrossRef

94.

Kanematsu, M., et al.: Imaging liver metastases: review and update. Eur. J. Radiol. 58, 217–228 (2006)CrossRef

95.

Kang, E., et al.: Direct synthesis of highly crystalline and monodisperse manganese ferrite nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 13932–13935 (2004)CrossRef

96.

Kang, H.W., et al.: Magnetic resonance imaging of inducible E-selectin expression in human endothelial cell culture. Bioconjug. Chem. 13, 122–127 (2002)CrossRef

97.

Kang, Y.S., et al.: Synthesis and characterization of nanometer-size Fe₃O₄ and γ-Fe₂O₃ particles. Chem. Mater. 8, 2209–2211 (1996)CrossRef

98.

Kato, H., et al.: Ferumoxide-enhanced MR imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with histologic tumor grade and tumor vascularity. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 19, 76–81 (2004)CrossRef

99.

Kehagias, D.T., et al.: Diagnostic efficacy and safety of MRI of the liver with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SH U 555 A). J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 14, 595–601 (2001)CrossRef

100.

Kelly, K.A., et al.: Detection of vascular adhesion molecule-1 expression using a novel multimodal nanoparticle. Circ. Res. 96, 327–336 (2005)CrossRef

101.

Kim, D.K., et al.: Synthesis and characterization of surfactant-coated superparamagnetic monodispersed iron oxide nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 225, 30–36 (2001)CrossRef

102.

Kim, S.-H., et al.: Fabrication and estimation of Au-coated Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite powders for the separation and purification of biomolecules. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 449–451, 386–388 (2007)

103.

Kim, Y.K., et al.: Detection of liver metastases: gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced three-dimensional dynamic phases and one-hour delayed phase MR imaging versus superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging. Eur. Radiol. 15, 220–228 (2005)CrossRef

104.

Kircher, M.F., et al.: In vivo high resolution three-dimensional imaging of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte trafficking to tumors. Cancer Res. 63, 6838–6846 (2003)

105.

Koh, D.-M., et al.: New horizons in oncologic imaging. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 2487–2488 (2003)CrossRef

106.

Kopp, A., et al.: MR imaging of the liver with resovist: safety,efficacy, and pharmacodynamic properties. Radiology 204, 749–756 (1997)

107.

Kraitchman, D.L., et al.: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial infarction. Circulation 107, 2290–2293 (2003)CrossRef

108.

Kresse, M., et al.: Targeting of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles to tumor cells in vivo by using transferrin receptor pathways. Magn. Reson. Med. 40, 236–242 (1998)CrossRef

109.

Kullberg, M., et al.: Improved drug delivery to cancer cells: a method using magnetoliposomes that target epidermal growth factor receptors. Med. Hypoth. 64, 468–470 (2005)CrossRef

110.

Laghi, A., et al.: Oral contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging of the bowel. Top. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13, 389–396 (2002)CrossRef

111.

Lawaczeck, R., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles: contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 18, 506–513 (2004)CrossRef

112.

Lee, H., et al.: Thermally cross-linked superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and application as a dual imaging probe for cancer in vivo. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 12739–12745 (2007)CrossRef

113.

Lee, J.-H., et al.: Dual-mode nanoparticle probes for high-performance magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of neuroblastoma. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 45, 8160–8162 (2006)CrossRef

114.

Lee, J.-H., et al.: Artificially engineered magnetic nanoparticles for ultra-sensitive molecular imaging. Nat. Med. 13, 95–99 (2007)CrossRef

115.

Lee, S.-J., et al.: Synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic maghemite nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation technique. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 282, 147–150 (2004)CrossRef

116.

Lee, Y., et al.: Large-scale synthesis of uniform and crystalline magnetite nanoparticles using reverse micelles as nanoreactors under reflux conditions. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 503–509 (2005)CrossRef

117.

Lefebure, S., et al.: Monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles: preparation and dispersion in water and oils. J. Mater. Res. 13, 2975–2981 (1998)CrossRef

118.

Lemke, A.-J., et al.: MRI after magnetic drug targeting in patients with advanced solid malignant tumors. Eur. Radiol. 14, 1949–1955 (2004)CrossRef

119.

Lewin, M., et al.: Tat peptide-derivatized magnetic nanoparticles allow in vivo tracking and recovery of progenitor cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 18, 410–414 (2000)CrossRef

120.

Li, S., et al.: Structured materials syntheses in a self-assembled surfactant mesophase. Colloids Surf. A 174, 275–281 (2000)CrossRef

121.

Livesay, B.R.: 9th International Conference on rare earth magnets and their applications. (1987)

122.

López, A., et al.: Magnetic properties of γ-Fe₂O₃ small particles prepared by spray pyrolysis. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 140–144, 383–384 (1995)CrossRef

123.

Lübbe, A.S., et al.: Clinical applications of magnetic drug targeting. J. Surg. Res. 95, 200–206 (2001)CrossRef

124.

MacVicar, D., et al.: Phase III trial of oral magnetic particles in MRI of abdomen and pelvis. Clin. Radiol. 47, 183–188 (1993)CrossRef

125.

Matuszewski, L., et al.: Cell tagging with clinically approved iron oxides: feasibility and effect of lipofection, particle size, and surface coating on labeling efficiency. Radiology 235, 155–161 (2005)CrossRef

126.

McLachlan, S.J., et al.: Phase I clinical evaluation of a new iron oxide MR contrast agent. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 43, 301–307 (1994)CrossRef

127.

Metz, S., et al.: Capacity of human monocytes to phagocytose approved iron oxide MR contrast agents in vitro. Eur. Radiol. 14, 1851–1858 (2004)CrossRef

128.

Moore, A., et al.: Measuring transferrin receptor gene expression by NMR imaging. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1402, 239–249 (1998)CrossRef

129.

Moore, A., et al.: In vivo targeting of underglycosylated MUC-1 tumor antigen using a multimodal imaging probe. Cancer Res. 64, 1821–1827 (2004)CrossRef

130.

Mykhaylyk, O., et al.: Doxorubicin magnetic conjugate targeting upon intravenous injection into mice: high gradient magnetic field inhibits the clearance of nanoparticles from the blood. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 293, 473–482 (2005)CrossRef

131.

Namkung, S., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced liver MRI with ferucarbotran: efficacy for characterization of focal liver lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 25, 755–765 (2007)CrossRef

132.

Nedkov, I., et al.: Surface oxidation, size and shape of nano-sized magnetite obtained by co-precipitation. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 300, 358–367 (2006)CrossRef

133.

Nishijima, S., et al.: A study on magnetically targeted drug delivery system using superconducting magnet. Physica C 463–465, 1311–1314 (2007)CrossRef

134.

Nishimura, H., et al.: Preoperative esophageal cancer staging: magnetic resonance imaging of lymph node with ferumoxtran-10, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 202, 604–611 (2006)CrossRef

135.

Oude Engberink, R.D., et al.: Comparison of SPIO and USPIO for in vitro labeling of human monocytes: MR detection and cell function. Radiology 243, 467–474 (2007)CrossRef

136.

Papell, S.S.: Low viscosity magnetic fluid obtained by the colloidal suspension of magnetic particles. US Patent 3,215,572: November 2, 1965

137.

Park, H.-Y., et al.: Fabrication of magnetic core@shell Fe oxide@Au nanoparticles for interfacial bioactivity and bio-separation. Langmuir 23, 9050–9056 (2007)CrossRef

138.

Park, J., et al.: Ultra-large-scale syntheses of monodisperse nanocrystals. Nat. Mater. 3, 891–895 (2004)CrossRef

139.

Park, J., et al.: One-nanometer-scale size-controlled synthesis of monodisperse magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 44, 2872–2877 (2005)CrossRef

140.

Pellegrino, T., et al.: Hydrophobic nanocrystals coated with an amphiphilic polymer shell: a general route to water soluble nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 4, 703–707 (2004)CrossRef

141.

Pillai, V., et al.: Preparation of nanoparticles of silver halides, superconductors and magnetic materials using water-in-oil microemulsions as nano-reactors. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 55, 241–269 (1995)CrossRef

142.

Pirko, I., et al.: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of immune cells in the central nervous system with superparamagnetic antibodies. FASEB 18, 179–181 (2004)

143.

Qin, J., et al.: A high-performance magnetic resonance imaging T₂ contrast agent. Adv. Mater. 19, 1874–1878 (2007)CrossRef

144.

Raaphorst, G.P.: Fundamental aspects of hyperthermic biology. In: Field, S.B. and Hand, J.W. (eds.) An Introduction to the Practical Aspects of Clinical Hyperthermia, pp. 10–54. Taylor and Francis, London (1990)

145.

Rad, A.M., et al.: Quantification of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled cells using MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 26, 366–374 (2007)CrossRef

146.

Reimer, P., et al.: Receptor imaging: application to MR imaging of liver cancer. Radiology 177, 729–734 (1990)

147.

Reimer, P., et al.: Receptor-directed contrast agents for MR imaging: preclinical evaluation with affinity assays. Radiology 182, 565–569 (1992)

148.

Reimer, P., et al.: Pancreatic receptors: initial feasibility studies with a targeted contrast agent for MR imaging. Radiology 193, 527–531 (1994)

149.

Reimer, P. and Tombach, B.: Hepatic MRI with SPIO: detection and characterization of focal liver lesions. Eur. Radiol. 8, 1198–1204 (1998)CrossRef

150.

Reimer, P. and Balzer, T.: Ferucarbotran (Resovist): a new clinically approved RES-specific contrast agent for contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver: properties, clinical development, and applications. Eur. Radiol. 13, 1266–1276 (2003)

151.

Remsen, L.G., et al.: MR of carcinoma-specific monoclonal antibody conjugated to monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles: the potential for noninvasive diagnosis. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 17, 411–418 (1996)

152.

Renshaw, P.F., et al.: Immunospecific NMR contrast agents. Magn. Reson. Imaging 4, 351–357 (1986)CrossRef

153.

Ritter, J.A., et al.: Application of high gradient magnetic separation principles to magnetic drug targeting. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 280, 184–201 (2004)CrossRef

154.

Rockenberger, J., et al.: A new nonhydrolytic single-precursor approach to surfactant-capped nanocrystals of transition metal oxides. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 11595–11596 (1999)CrossRef

155.

Roger, J., et al.: Behavior of aqueous ferrofluids in presence of amino acids. Eur. J. Solid State Inorg. Chem. 26, 475–488 (1989)

156.

Rohrer, M., et al.: Comparison of magnetic properties of MRI contrast media solutions at different magnetic field strengths. Invest. Radiol. 40, 715–724 (2005)CrossRef

157.

Rudge, S.R., et al.: Preparation, characterization, and performance of magnetic iron-carbon composite microparticles for chemotherapy. Biomaterials 21, 1411–1420 (2000)CrossRef

158.

Sanderson, C.J. and Wilson, D.V.: A simple method for coupling proteins to insoluble polysaccharides. Immunology 20, 1061–1065 (1971)

159.

Savellano, M.D. and Hasan, T.: Targeting cells that overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor with polyethylene glycolated BPD verteporfin photosensitizer immunoconjugates. Photochem. Photobiol. 77, 431–439 (2003)CrossRef

160.

Schellenberger, E.A., et al.: Surface-functionalized nanoparticle library yields probes for apoptotic cells. Chem. Bio. Chem. 5, 275–279 (2004)

161.

Schulze, E., et al.: Cellular uptake and trafficking of a prototypical magnetic iron oxide label in vitro. Invest. Radiol. 30, 604–610 (1995)CrossRef

162.

Seip, C.T., et al.: Magnetic properties of a series of ferrite nanoparticles synthesized in reverse micelles. IEEE Trans. Magn. 34, 1111–1113 (1998)CrossRef

163.

Semelka, R.C. and Helmberger, T.K.: Contrast agents for MR imaging of the liver. Radiology 218, 27–38 (2001)

164.

Seo, W.S., et al.: FeCo/graphitic-shell nanocrystals as advanced magnetic-resonance-imaging and near-infrared agents. Nat. Mater. 5, 971–976 (2006)CrossRef

165.

Shen, T., et al.: Monocrystalline iron oxide nanocompounds (MION): physicochemical properties. MRM 29, 599–604 (1993)

166.

Shen, T.T., et al.: Magnetically labeled secretin retains receptor affinity to pancreas acinar cells. Bioconjug. Chem. 7, 311–316 (1996)CrossRef

167.

Simon, G.H., et al.: Ultrasmall supraparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of antigen-induced arthritis. A comparative study between SHU 555 C, Ferumoxtran-10, and Ferumoxytol. Invest. Radiol. 41, 45–51 (2006)CrossRef

168.

Sminia, P., et al.: Effect of hyperthermia on the central nervous system. Int. J. Hyperthermia 10, 1–130 (1994)CrossRef

169.

Stark, D.D., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide: clinical application as a contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. Radiology 168, 297–301 (1988)

170.

Stolnik, S., et al.: Long circulating microparticulate drug carriers. Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 16, 195–214 (1995)CrossRef

171.

Sun, R., et al.: Physical and biological characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide- and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled cells. Invest. Radiol. 40, 504–513 (2005)

172.

Sun, S. and Zeng, H.: Size-controlled synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 8204–8205 (2002)CrossRef

173.

Sun, S., et al.: Monodisperse MFe₂O₄ (M=Fe, Co, Mn) nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 273–279 (2004)CrossRef

174.

Suslick, K.S., et al.: Sonochemical synthesis of iron colloids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 11960–11961 (1996)CrossRef

175.

Suwa, T., et al.: Magnetic Resonance imaging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using magnetite particles coated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody. Int. J. Cancer 75, 626–634 (1998)CrossRef

176.

Takeda, S., et al.: Development of magnetically targeted drug delivery system using superconducting magnet. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 311, 367–371 (2007)CrossRef

177.

Tang, J., et al.: Magnetite Fe₃O₄ nanocrystals: spectroscopic observation of aqueous oxidation kinetics. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 7501–7506 (2003)CrossRef

178.

Taupitz, M., et al.: Phase I clinical evaluation of citrate-coated monocrystalline very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles as a new contrast medium for magnetic resonance imaging. Invest. Radiol. 39, 394–405 (2004)CrossRef

179.

Thorek, D.L.J., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 34, 23–38 (2006)CrossRef

180.

Tiefenauer, L.X., et al.: Antibody-magnetite nanoparticles: in vitro characterization of a potential tumor-specific contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. Bioconjug. Chem. 4, 347–352 (1993)CrossRef

181.

Tiefenauer, L.X., et al.: In vivo evaluation of magnetite nanoparticles for use as a tumor contrast agent in MRI. Magn. Reson. Imaging 14, 391–402 (1996)CrossRef

182.

Toma, A., et al.: Monoclonal antibody A7-superparamagnetic iron oxide as contrast agent of MR imaging of rectal carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 93, 131–136 (2005)CrossRef

183.

Torchilin, V.P.: Drug targeting. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(Suppl. 2), S81–S91 (2000)CrossRef

184.

Treleaven, J.G., et al.: Removal of neuroblastoma cells from bone marrow with monoclonal antibodies conjugated to magnetic microspheres. The Lancet 14, 70–73 (1984)CrossRef

185.

Treleaven, J.G.: Bone marrow purging: an appraisal of immunological and non-immunological methods. Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 2/3, 253–269 (1988)CrossRef

186.

Udrea, L.E., et al.: An in vitro study of magnetic particle targeting in small blood vessels. Phys. Med. Biol. 51, 4869–4881 (2006)CrossRef

187.

van der Zee, J.: Heating the patient: a promising approach? Ann. Oncol. 13, 1173–1184 (2002)CrossRef

188.

Veintemillas-Verdaguer, S., et al.: Effect of the oxidation conditions on the maghemites production by laser pyrolysis. J. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 15, 365–372 (2001)CrossRef

189.

Vlahos, L., et al.: A comparative study between Gd-DTPA and oral magnetic particles (OMP) as gastrointestinal (GI) contrast agents for MRI of the abdomen. Magn. Reson. Imaging 12, 719–726 (1994)CrossRef

190.

Wadghiri, Y.Z., et al.: Detection of alzheimer’s amyloid in transgenic mice using magnetic resonance microimaging. Magn. Reson. Med. 50, 293–302 (2003)CrossRef

191.

Walter, G.A., et al.: Noninvasive monitoring of stem cell transfer for muscle disorders. Magn. Reson. Med. 51, 273–277 (2004)CrossRef

192.

Wang, F.H., et al.: Magnetic resonance tracking of nanoparticle labelled neural stem cells in a rat’s spinal cord. Nanotechnol. 17, 1911–1915 (2006)CrossRef

193.

Wang, J., et al.: Stepwise directing of nanocrystals to self-assemble at water/oil interfaces. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 45, 7963–7966 (2006)CrossRef

194.

Wang, X., et al.: The heating effect of magnetic fluids in an alternating magnetic field. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 293, 334–340 (2005)CrossRef

195.

Wang, Y.-X.J., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agents: physicochemical characteristics and applications in MR imaging. Eur. Radiol. 11, 2319–2331 (2001)CrossRef

196.

Wang, Y., et al.: “Pulling” nanoparticles into water: phase transfer of oleic acid stabilized monodisperse nanoparticles into aqueous solutions of α-cyclodextrin. Nano Lett. 3, 1555–1559 (2003)CrossRef

197.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Superparamagnetic iron oxide: pharmacokinetics and toxicity. AJR 152, 167–173 (1989)

198.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide: characterization of a new class of contrast agents for MR imaging. Radiology 175, 489–493 (1990)

199.

Weissleder, R., et al.: MR receptor imaging: ultrasmall iron oxide particles targeted to asialoglycoprotein receptors. AJR 155, 1161–1167 (1990)

200.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Polyclonal human immunoglobulin G labeled with polymeric iron oxide: antibody MR imaging. Radiology 181, 245–249 (1991)

201.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Antimyosin-labeled monocrystalline iron oxide allows detection of myocardial infarct: MR antibody imaging. Radiology 182, 381–385 (1992)

202.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Long-circulating iron oxides for MR imaging. Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 16, 321–334 (1995)CrossRef

203.

Weissleder, R., et al.: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of transgene expression. Nat. Med. 6, 351–355 (2000)CrossRef

204.

Weissleder, R., et al.: Cell-specific targeting of nanoparticles by multivalent attachment of small molecules. Nat. Biotechnol. 23, 1418–1423 (2005)CrossRef

205.

Whitehead, R.A.: Magnetic particles for use in separations. US Patent 4,554,088: November 19, 1985

206.

Wondergem, J., et al.: Effects of local hyperthermia on the motor function of the rat sciatic nerve. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 53, 429–439 (1988)CrossRef

207.

Wunderbaldinger, P., et al.: Crosslinked iron oxides (CLIO): a new platform for the development of targeted MR contrast agents. Acad. Radiol. 9(suppl. 2), S304–S306 (2002)CrossRef

208.

Xia, H., et al.: Hyperthermia combined with intra-thoracic chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Int. J. Hyperthermia 22, 613–621 (2006)CrossRef

209.

Xu, Z., et al.: Magnetic core/shell Fe₃O₄/Au and Fe₃O₄/Au/Ag nanoparticles with tunable plasmonic properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 8698–8699 (2007)CrossRef

210.

Zeng, H., et al.: Shape-controlled synthesis and shape-induced texture of MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 11458–11459 (2004)CrossRef

211.

Zhang, C., et al.: Silica- and alkoxysilane-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles: a promising tool to label cells for magnetic resonance imaging. Langmuir 23, 1427–1434 (2007)CrossRef

212.

Zhang, Y., et al.: Surface modification of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles and their intracellular uptake. Biomaterials 23, 1553–1561 (2002)CrossRef

213.

Zhang, Y. and Zhang, J.: Surface modification of monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles for improved intracellular uptake to breast cancer cells. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 283, 352–357 (2005)CrossRef

214.

Zhao, M., et al.: Non-invasive detection of apoptosis using magnetic resonance imaging and a targeted contrast agent. Nat. Med. 7, 1241–1244 (2001)CrossRef

215.

Zhao, M., et al.: Differential conjugation of tat peptide to superparamagnetic nanoparticles and Its effect on cellular uptake. Bioconjug. Chem. 13, 840–844 (2002)CrossRef

216.

Zinderman, C.E., et al.: Anaphylactoid reactions to dextran 40 and 70: reports to the United States Food and Drug Administration, 1969 to 2004. J. Vasc. Surg. 43, 1004–1009 (2006)CrossRef

Titel: Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Biomedicine
verfasst von: Carlos Bárcena
Amandeep K. Sra
Jinming Gao
Verlag: Springer US
Buch: Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-85598-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-0-387-85600-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85600-1_20

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht