Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems | springerprofessional.de

Springer Professional

nach oben

1997 | Buch

Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems

The POLIS Approach

verfasst von: Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

Verlag: Springer US

Buchreihe : The International Series in Engineering and Computer Science

Enthalten in: Professional Book Archive

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Über dieses Buch

Embedded systems are informally defined as a collection of programmable parts surrounded by ASICs and other standard components, that interact continuously with an environment through sensors and actuators. The programmable parts include micro-controllers and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs).
Embedded systems are often used in life-critical situations, where reliability and safety are more important criteria than performance. Today, embedded systems are designed with an ad hoc approach that is heavily based on earlier experience with similar products and on manual design. Use of higher-level languages such as C helps structure the design somewhat, but with increasing complexity it is not sufficient. Formal verification and automatic synthesis of implementations are the surest ways to guarantee safety.
Thus, the POLIS system which is a co-design environment for embedded systems is based on a formal model of computation.
POLIS was initiated in 1988 as a research project at the University of California at Berkeley and, over the years, grew into a full design methodology with a software system supporting it.
Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems: The POLIS Approach is intended to give a complete overview of the POLIS system including its formal and algorithmic aspects.
Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems: The POLIS Approach will be of interest to embedded system designers (automotive electronics, consumer electronics and telecommunications), micro-controller designers, CAD developers and students.

Anzeige

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

1. Introduction

Abstract

The world of electronics is going through a major revolution whose economic dimensions and social implications are still difficult to estimate. The aspects of this revolution are related to basic technology, labor organization, industry structure, and even international relationships. The most dramatic and visible effects of this revolution are particularly felt in the extraordinary evolution of telecommunication infrastructures (for example, the incredible growth of the Internet and its applications), in the multi-media aspects of computer science, in the concept of wireless connections, in the distributed aspects of information management, in the increase of complexity and performance of the electronic components vis a vis a continuous decrease in cost, and in the progress of product definition and development concepts.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

2. Models and Representations

Abstract

This chapter describes the models and specification methods that are used inside the POLIS system, both to specify the complete system, and to perform analysis, synthesis, and optimization. It also contains a brief review of related models reported in the literature.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

3. Synthesis

Abstract

The top-down design process supported by POLIS begins by selecting an implementation architecture: choosing the software programmable components (e.g., Motorola 68HC11 or 68332), choosing the hardware blocks to use, and defining their interconnection. At this stage the assignment of the CFSMs describing the design to different parts of the architecture can be done. A key advantage of using a formal model to specify the design components is that their implementation can be obtained with the help of automatic synthesis techniques. Synthesizing a system described by a CFSM network requires synthesizing each single CFSM in its implementation style (hardware or software) and the communication mechanism. Architecture selection, partitioning and synthesis of the software and hardware CFSMs are described in this chapter, while the design of the communication mechanism among different CFSMs is presented in the next chapter.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

4. Interface Synthesis and the Real-Time Operating System

Abstract

This chapter is devoted to the various issues concerning the hardware/software interface and the coordination between software CFSMs that are mainly implemented by the POLIS RTOS. We begin by describing the general problem of interface synthesis, then we analyze the philosophy and implementation of the RTOS, and show how to configure the RTOS for a specific processor. Finally we discuss the scheduling problem, and outline some new techniques for schedule validation.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

5. Verification

Abstract

Traditionally, verification has been done by reproducing the behavior of the design using physical simulation of a prototype of the design (called prototyping), physical simulation of an approximate implementation (called emulation), or computer simulation of a model, using mathematical techniques to construct the model (called simulation). Physical or virtual measurements are taken to assess the quality of the design.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

6. Interfacing to External Hardware and Software

Abstract

When developing an embedded system it is often necessary to use hardware or software blocks that were already designed or used in previous projects, or components that are not designed using POLIS. This is usually the case when a project is partially built on previous work, when some off-the-shelf components are used or when company policy requires using a commercial or in-house real-time kernel that may be preferred also to access features such as file or network I/O.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

7. Design Examples

Abstract

This chapter describes some design examples that have been used to validate the POLIS design methodology. For each example we discuss the initial specification, problems encountered during the design, and the final results.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

8. Conclusions and Future Work

Abstract

In this book we have described a complete co-design methodology for control-dominated embedded systems. The methodology is supported by a design environment and a set of tools including simulation, formal analysis and synthesis of both hardware and software.

Felice Balarin, Massimiliano Chiodo, Paolo Giusto, Harry Hsieh, Attila Jurecska, Luciano Lavagno, Claudio Passerone, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Ellen Sentovich, Kei Suzuki, Bassam Tabbara

Backmatter

Titel: Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems
verfasst von: Felice Balarin
Massimiliano Chiodo
Paolo Giusto
Harry Hsieh
Attila Jurecska
Luciano Lavagno
Claudio Passerone
Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Ellen Sentovich
Kei Suzuki
Bassam Tabbara
Copyright-Jahr: 1997
Verlag: Springer US
Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4615-6127-9
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7808-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6127-9