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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. The Ontological Background

verfasst von : Timothy Tambassi

Erschienen in: The Philosophy of Geo-Ontologies

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Chapter 1 showed that applied ontology of geography includes four different areas of research, namely: IT/computer ontology, philosophical ontology, empirical geography, and academic geography. In this chapter, we go deep into the analysis of the (kinds of) ontologies behind applied ontology of geography. Sections 2.1–2.3 explores the domain of IT/computer science, within which ontologies are generally conceived as explicit specifications of shared conceptualizations. Sections 2.4 and 2.5 deal with philosophy, more precisely, with the recent proliferation of ontological research in the analytic debate. Finally, Sects. 2.6–2.10 discuss the advancements of ontology of geography, that is that part of philosophical ontology mainly focused on: (1) establishing what geographical entities exist, (2) developing a theory of spatial representation, and (3) explaining how the geographic descriptions of reality emerging from common sense can be combined with those derived from academic geography. This preliminary analysis is meant to provide a helpful framework showing the importance of geographical common-sense conceptualizations and defining how non-expert subjects conceptualize geospatial phenomena in response to a series of different geographical phrased elicitations.

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Vorheriges Kapitel From the Philosophies of Geographies to the Applied Ontology of Geography

Nächstes Kapitel Spatial Representation

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The W3C16 has defined and still maintains several standards for the Semantic Web, among which there are two formal languages for ontology specification: RDF Schema (RDFS) and Web Ontology Language (OWL). RDFS is a specification enabling the definition of RDF vocabularies (a general‐purpose language for representing information on the Web). OWL is an ontology language for the Semantic Web with formally defined meaning, usually exploited to express ontologies.

The term “reality” is used in a broad sense, which includes, for example, physical entities, counterfactual ones, imaginary entities, and so forth (Goy and Magro 2015, p. 7457).

Other lists of definitions of ontology in computer science can be found in Gómez-Pérez et al. (2004), Bullinger (2008), Jaziri and Gargouri (2010).

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See Studer et al. (1998).

See Guarino and Giaretta (1995), Uschold and Grueninger (1996), Guarino (1998), Goy and Magro (2015).

See Zelewski et al. (2001), Hesse (2002), Mizoguchi (2003), Krcmar (2005).

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See Strawson (1959), Jackson (1998).

See Lewis (1986).

See Armstrong (1989, 1997).

See Körner (1974, 1984), Lowe (2006).

See Mulligan (2000), Simons (1987, 1994), Smith (1997).

See Chisholm (1976, 1984, 1996).

See Bergmann (1967), Grossmann (1992), Tegtmeier (1992).

See Ferraris (2008, pp. 16–7); Bianchi and Bottani (2003).

See Berto (2010).

See Ferraris (2008).

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Titel: The Ontological Background
verfasst von: Timothy Tambassi
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: The Philosophy of Geo-Ontologies
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-78144-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-78145-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78145-3_2

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