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2011 | Buch

Lattice Theory: Foundation

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Über dieses Buch

This book started with Lattice Theory, First Concepts, in 1971. Then came General Lattice Theory, First Edition, in 1978, and the Second Edition twenty years later. Since the publication of the first edition in 1978, General Lattice Theory has become the authoritative introduction to lattice theory for graduate students and the standard reference for researchers. The First Edition set out to introduce and survey lattice theory. Some 12,000 papers have been published in the field since then; so Lattice Theory: Foundation focuses on introducing the field, laying the foundation for special topics and applications. Lattice Theory: Foundation, based on the previous three books, covers the fundamental concepts and results. The main topics are distributivity, congruences, constructions, modularity and semimodularity, varieties, and free products. The chapter on constructions is new, all the other chapters are revised and expanded versions from the earlier volumes. Almost 40 “diamond sections’’, many written by leading specialists in these fields, provide a brief glimpse into special topics beyond the basics. “Lattice theory has come a long way... For those who appreciate lattice theory, or who are curious about its techniques and intriguing internal problems, Professor Grätzer's lucid new book provides a most valuable guide to many recent developments. Even a cursory reading should provide those few who may still believe that lattice theory is superficial or naive, with convincing evidence of its technical depth and sophistication.” Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society “Grätzer’s book General Lattice Theory has become the lattice theorist’s bible.” Mathematical Reviews

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter I. First Concepts
Abstract
Whereas the arithmetical properties of the set of reals R can be expressed in terms of addition and multiplication, the order theoretic, and thus the topological, properties are expressed in terms of the ordering≤. The basic properties of this relation are as follows.
George Grätzer
Chapter II. Distributive Lattices
Abstract
The two typical examples of nondistributive lattices are N5 and M3, whose diagrams are given in Figure 24. Our next result characterizes distributivity by the absence of these lattices as sublattices.
George Grätzer
Chapter III. Congruences
Abstract
In Section I.3.6, we saw that x ≡ y (mod _) iff x ^ y ≡ x ≡ y (modα); therefore, to investigate how congruences spread, it is enough to deal with comparable pairs, a ≤b and c ≤ d. By Lemma 10, the congruence blocks are convex sublattices, so instead of comparable pairs, we shall deal with intervals [a; b] and [c; d].
George Grätzer
Chapter IV. Lattice Constructions
Abstract
What can you do by adding a single element to a lattice? It turns out, quite a lot. Of course, for a lattice L, you can form C1 + L to add a (new) zero and L + C1 to add a (new) unit; and you can do both. In this section, we discuss some less trivial constructions.
George Grätzer
Chapter V. Modular and Semimodular Lattices
Abstract
Remark. In Section II.1.1, we have already proved the equivalence of (i) and (iii). The importance, or convenience, of the shearing identity (which was named by I. Halperin) is that it can be applied to any expressions of the form x ^ (y ν z) without any assumption. Observe also the dual of the shearing identity:
George Grätzer
Chapter VI. Varieties of Lattices
Abstract
In this section, we shall discuss the basic properties of varieties of lattices. Of the four characterizations and descriptions given, three apply to arbitrary varieties of universal algebras; the fourth is valid only for those varieties of universal algebras that are congruence distributive (that is, the congruence lattice of any algebra in the variety is distributive). For the sake of simplicity, all these results are stated and proved only for lattices.
George Grätzer
Chapter VII. Free Products
Abstract
The formation of a free product of a family of lattices is one of the most fundamental constructions of lattice theory. This specializes to the construction of free lattices, which form a class of lattices that is probably the closest rival of the class of distributive lattices in the richness of its structure. Also, free products provide a very useful tool for the construction of pathological lattices.
George Grätzer
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Lattice Theory: Foundation
verfasst von
George Grätzer
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Springer Basel
Electronic ISBN
978-3-0348-0018-1
Print ISBN
978-3-0348-0017-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0018-1

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