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Erschienen in:
2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
On Acoustic Covert Channels Between Air-Gapped Systems
verfasst von : Brent Carrara, Carlisle Adams
Erschienen in: Foundations and Practice of Security
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Abstract
In this work, we study the ability for malware to leak sensitive information from an air-gapped high-security system to systems on a low-security network, using ultrasonic and audible audio covert channels in two different environments: an open-concept office and a closed-door office. Our results show that malware installed on unmodified commodity hardware can leak data from an air-gapped system using the ultrasonic frequency range from 20 kHz to 20.5 kHz at a rate of 140 bps and at a rate of 6.7 kbps using the audible spectrum from 500 Hz to 18 kHz. Additionally, we show that data can be communicated using ultrasonic communication at distances up to 11 m with bit rates over 230 bps and a bit error rate of 2 %. Given our results, our attacks are able to leak captured keystrokes in real-time using ultrasonic signals and, using audible signals when nobody is present in the environment - the overnight attack, both keystrokes and recorded audio.