Skip to main content

2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Expressing Symmetry Breaking in DRAT Proofs

verfasst von : Marijn J. H. Heule, Warren A. Hunt Jr., Nathan Wetzler

Erschienen in: Automated Deduction - CADE-25

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

An effective SAT preprocessing technique is the addition of symmetry-breaking predicates: auxiliary clauses that guide a SAT solver away from needless exploration of isomorphic sub-problems. Symmetry-breaking predicates have been in use for over a decade. However, it was not known how to express the addition of these predicates in proofs of unsatisfiability. Hence, results obtained by symmetry breaking cannot be validated by existing proof checkers. We present a method to express the addition of symmetry-breaking predicates in DRAT, a clausal proof format supported by top-tier solvers. We applied this method to generate SAT problems that have not been previously solved without symmetry-breaking predicates. We validated these proofs with an ACL2-based, mechanically-verified DRAT proof checker and the proof-checking tool of SAT Competition 2014.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Crawford, J., Ginsberg, M., Luks, E., Roy, A.: Symmetry-breaking predicates for search problems. In: KR 1996, pp. 148–159. Morgan Kaufmann (1996) Crawford, J., Ginsberg, M., Luks, E., Roy, A.: Symmetry-breaking predicates for search problems. In: KR 1996, pp. 148–159. Morgan Kaufmann (1996)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Aloul, F.A., Ramani, A., Markov, I.L., Sakallah, K.A.: Solving difficult sat instances in the presence of symmetry. In: Proceedings of the 39th Design Automation Conference, pp. 731–736 (2002) Aloul, F.A., Ramani, A., Markov, I.L., Sakallah, K.A.: Solving difficult sat instances in the presence of symmetry. In: Proceedings of the 39th Design Automation Conference, pp. 731–736 (2002)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Gent, I.P., Smith, B.M.: Symmetry breaking in constraint programming. In: Horn, W. (ed.) ECAI 2000, pp. 599–603. IOS Press (2000) Gent, I.P., Smith, B.M.: Symmetry breaking in constraint programming. In: Horn, W. (ed.) ECAI 2000, pp. 599–603. IOS Press (2000)
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Wetzler, N., Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A.: DRAT-trim: efficient checking and trimming using expressive clausal proofs. In: Sinz, C., Egly, U. (eds.) SAT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8561, pp. 422–429. Springer, Heidelberg (2014) Wetzler, N., Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A.: DRAT-trim: efficient checking and trimming using expressive clausal proofs. In: Sinz, C., Egly, U. (eds.) SAT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8561, pp. 422–429. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Konev, B., Lisitsa, A.: A SAT attack on the Erdős discrepancy conjecture. In: Sinz, C., Egly, U. (eds.) SAT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8561, pp. 219–226. Springer, Heidelberg (2014) Konev, B., Lisitsa, A.: A SAT attack on the Erdős discrepancy conjecture. In: Sinz, C., Egly, U. (eds.) SAT 2014. LNCS, vol. 8561, pp. 219–226. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Codish, M., Cruz-Filipe, L., Frank, M., Schneider-Kamp, P.: Twenty-five comparators is optimal when sorting nine inputs (and twenty-nine for ten). In: ICTAI 2014, pp. 186–193. IEEE Computer Society (2014) Codish, M., Cruz-Filipe, L., Frank, M., Schneider-Kamp, P.: Twenty-five comparators is optimal when sorting nine inputs (and twenty-nine for ten). In: ICTAI 2014, pp. 186–193. IEEE Computer Society (2014)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Aloul, F.A., Sakallah, K.A., Markov, I.L.: Efficient symmetry breaking for boolean satisfiability. IEEE Trans. Comput. 55(5), 549–558 (2006)CrossRefMATH Aloul, F.A., Sakallah, K.A., Markov, I.L.: Efficient symmetry breaking for boolean satisfiability. IEEE Trans. Comput. 55(5), 549–558 (2006)CrossRefMATH
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Schaafsma, B., Heule, M.J.H., van Maaren, H.: Dynamic symmetry breaking by simulating zykov contraction. In: Kullmann, O. (ed.) SAT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5584, pp. 223–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2009) CrossRef Schaafsma, B., Heule, M.J.H., van Maaren, H.: Dynamic symmetry breaking by simulating zykov contraction. In: Kullmann, O. (ed.) SAT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5584, pp. 223–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2009) CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Radziszowski, S.P.: Small Ramsey numbers. Electron. J. Comb. #DS1 (2014) Radziszowski, S.P.: Small Ramsey numbers. Electron. J. Comb. #DS1 (2014)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Wetzler, N.D.: Efficient, mechanically-verified validation of satisfiability solvers. Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, May 2015 Wetzler, N.D.: Efficient, mechanically-verified validation of satisfiability solvers. Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, May 2015
12.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, L., Malik, S.: Validating sat solvers using an independent resolution-based checker: practical implementations and other applications. In: DATE, pp. 10880–10885 (2003) Zhang, L., Malik, S.: Validating sat solvers using an independent resolution-based checker: practical implementations and other applications. In: DATE, pp. 10880–10885 (2003)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Eén, N., Sörensson, N.: An extensible SAT-solver. In: Giunchiglia, E., Tacchella, A. (eds.) SAT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2919, pp. 502–518. Springer, Heidelberg (2004) CrossRef Eén, N., Sörensson, N.: An extensible SAT-solver. In: Giunchiglia, E., Tacchella, A. (eds.) SAT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2919, pp. 502–518. Springer, Heidelberg (2004) CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Biere, A.: Picosat essentials. JSAT 4(2–4), 75–97 (2008)MATH Biere, A.: Picosat essentials. JSAT 4(2–4), 75–97 (2008)MATH
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Gelder, A.: Verifying rup proofs of propositional unsatisfiability. In: ISAIM (2008) Van Gelder, A.: Verifying rup proofs of propositional unsatisfiability. In: ISAIM (2008)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A., Wetzler, N.: Verifying refutations with extended resolution. In: Bonacina, M.P. (ed.) CADE 2013. LNCS, vol. 7898, pp. 345–359. Springer, Heidelberg (2013) CrossRef Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A., Wetzler, N.: Verifying refutations with extended resolution. In: Bonacina, M.P. (ed.) CADE 2013. LNCS, vol. 7898, pp. 345–359. Springer, Heidelberg (2013) CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr., W.A., Wetzler, N.: Trimming while checking clausal proofs. In: Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, pp. 181–188. IEEE (2013) Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr., W.A., Wetzler, N.: Trimming while checking clausal proofs. In: Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, pp. 181–188. IEEE (2013)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A., Wetzler, N.: Bridging the gap between easy generation and efficient verification of unsatisfiability proofs. Softw. Test. Verif. Reliab. (STVR) 24(8), 593–607 (2014)CrossRef Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A., Wetzler, N.: Bridging the gap between easy generation and efficient verification of unsatisfiability proofs. Softw. Test. Verif. Reliab. (STVR) 24(8), 593–607 (2014)CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Järvisalo, M., Heule, M.J.H., Biere, A.: Inprocessing rules. In: Gramlich, B., Miller, D., Sattler, U. (eds.) IJCAR 2012. LNCS, vol. 7364, pp. 355–370. Springer, Heidelberg (2012) CrossRef Järvisalo, M., Heule, M.J.H., Biere, A.: Inprocessing rules. In: Gramlich, B., Miller, D., Sattler, U. (eds.) IJCAR 2012. LNCS, vol. 7364, pp. 355–370. Springer, Heidelberg (2012) CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Järvisalo, M., Biere, A., Heule, M.J.H.: Blocked clause elimination. In: Esparza, J., Majumdar, R. (eds.) TACAS 2010. LNCS, vol. 6015, pp. 129–144. Springer, Heidelberg (2010) CrossRef Järvisalo, M., Biere, A., Heule, M.J.H.: Blocked clause elimination. In: Esparza, J., Majumdar, R. (eds.) TACAS 2010. LNCS, vol. 6015, pp. 129–144. Springer, Heidelberg (2010) CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Batcher, K.E.: Sorting networks and their applications. In: Proceedings of Spring Joint Computer Conference, AFIPS 1968, pp. 307–314. ACM (1968) Batcher, K.E.: Sorting networks and their applications. In: Proceedings of Spring Joint Computer Conference, AFIPS 1968, pp. 307–314. ACM (1968)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Darga, P.T., Liffiton, M.H., Sakallah, K.A., Markov, I.L.: Exploiting structure in symmetry detection for cnf. In: DAC 2004, pp. 530–534. ACM (2004) Darga, P.T., Liffiton, M.H., Sakallah, K.A., Markov, I.L.: Exploiting structure in symmetry detection for cnf. In: DAC 2004, pp. 530–534. ACM (2004)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Wetzler, N., Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A.: Mechanical verification of SAT refutations with extended resolution. In: Blazy, S., Paulin-Mohring, C., Pichardie, D. (eds.) ITP 2013. LNCS, vol. 7998, pp. 229–244. Springer, Heidelberg (2013) CrossRef Wetzler, N., Heule, M.J.H., Hunt Jr, W.A.: Mechanical verification of SAT refutations with extended resolution. In: Blazy, S., Paulin-Mohring, C., Pichardie, D. (eds.) ITP 2013. LNCS, vol. 7998, pp. 229–244. Springer, Heidelberg (2013) CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Brummayer, R., Lonsing, F., Biere, A.: Automated testing and debugging of SAT and QBF solvers. In: Strichman, O., Szeider, S. (eds.) SAT 2010. LNCS, vol. 6175, pp. 44–57. Springer, Heidelberg (2010) CrossRef Brummayer, R., Lonsing, F., Biere, A.: Automated testing and debugging of SAT and QBF solvers. In: Strichman, O., Szeider, S. (eds.) SAT 2010. LNCS, vol. 6175, pp. 44–57. Springer, Heidelberg (2010) CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Expressing Symmetry Breaking in DRAT Proofs
verfasst von
Marijn J. H. Heule
Warren A. Hunt Jr.
Nathan Wetzler
Copyright-Jahr
2015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21401-6_40

Premium Partner