Development of a Cyber Physical System for Fire Safety

verfasst von: Rosalie Faith Wills, André Marshall

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Fire

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This SpringerBrief presents cutting-edge research on an important aspect of smart firefighting which will improve performance, safety, prediction, and resilience. It demonstrates the viability of real-time decision support for smart firefighting and provides validation data for continued cyber-physical system (CPS) development by using a smart networked fire test bed consisting of a multi-story instrumented building, a variety of fire and non-fire networked sensors, and a computational framework anchored by a Building Information Modeling (BIM) representation of the building.
The author conducted well-controlled full-scale fire experiments and represents them in the three-dimensional BIM, allowing for visualization of critical static and dynamic building and fire information. The CPS test bed produces clear evidence about the opportunities for fire safety created by the communication between sensors, BIM, and fire. When applied to fire protection, CPS fuses the emerging sensor and computing technologies with building control systems, firefighting equipment, and apparatus. This SpringerBrief reveals some of the key ways CPS makes firefighting safer and more efficient.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

A cyber physical system (CPS) is a system of collaborating computational elements that monitor and control physical entities. In this project, a CPS system was developed as a test bed to explore next-generation fire safety. The CPS developed in this project utilizes current technologies in the modern built environment and emerging virtualization concepts. Sustainability goals, security concerns, and rapidly evolving information technology have driven a profound expansion in the use of sensors in the modern built environment. This rich sensor data, typically used for building services related to comfort, security, and energy management, can be integrated with fire sensor information to inform emergency decisions in the event of a fire.

Rosalie Faith Wills, André Marshall

Chapter 2. Approach

Abstract

In this study a cyber physical system (CPS) framework was developed to demonstrate the viability of delivering real-time fire information for fire safety and to provide validation data for continued CPS development. The Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute (MFRI) training structure was the physical test bed for the CPS framework. In the physical environment the structure was fully instrumented with commercial sensors and experimental sensors and is used to conduct full-scale fire experiments in a complex geometry. The fire environment was controlled by well-characterized source and ventilation conditions defined in a test matrix. In the virtual environment the structure was characterized in a BIM by its static information such general building materials, geometries, occupancy classification, and use. The BIM and the data gathered in the experiments are coupled to demonstrate a CPS that has static information as well as dynamic information. Using guidance from past studies, a framework has been developed to display fire safety information that caters to the capabilities of the BIM and the measurements taken by the sensors.

Rosalie Faith Wills, André Marshall

Chapter 3. Results

Abstract

The cyber physical system test bed created for fire safety provides insight for its feasibility for future fire fighting strategies. The data collected during the fire tests can be used for future inverse model development and validation. The visualization exploration examines current fire safety needs and BIM capabilities. This cyber physical system test bed framework is tested using the approach outlined in the previous section. The observations and results of the fire tests conducted are presented in this section. Data from fire tests in the MFRI Structural Fire Fighting Building using laboratory sensors and Siemens commercial sensors are evaluated using simple fire dynamic principles. Using guidance from previous research the fire state is visualized in BIM and through a timeline format presented in this section.

Rosalie Faith Wills, André Marshall

Backmatter

Titel: Development of a Cyber Physical System for Fire Safety
verfasst von: Rosalie Faith Wills
André Marshall
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-47124-2
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-47123-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47124-2