Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
ATZ-Fachkongress

Chassis.tech plus 2024


4 Kongresse in einer Veranstaltung

Treffen Sie in München die Fachleute von Chassis, Lenkung, Bremsen sowie Reifen/Räder.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Erschienen in:
Seeking Alternative Connections Between Civilisation and Security Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. NATO’s Deep Origins (1939–1949): Unbreaking the Civilised Habitus?

verfasst von : Sarah da Mota

Erschienen in: NATO, Civilisation and Individuals

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter discusses the role of “civilisation” in the formation of the Alliance, by highlighting the antecedents leading to the need to safeguard the civilisation of the North-Atlantic people. By focusing on the 1939–1949 period, the extent to which civilisation needed to be upheld through a Western organisation of defence and security is assessed. How far were the civilised habitus and the Civilised Subjects of Security on the verge of being lost? Key elements such as the lack of self-restraint, the stereotyping of the Soviet Union as uncivilised, the role of spirituality and symbolism, and the reinforcement of interdependence are the most significant manifestations and expressions of the civilised habitus during that period. Together, they show how the civilised habitus was reformulated, redefined and reasserted, and help understanding that the Alliance emerged around civilisation as a formative referent object of security.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Vorheriges Kapitel Standards of Civilisation: Architecting Security, Order, and Hierarchy
Nächstes Kapitel NATO’s Cold War Evolution: Civilisation from Referent Object to Standard
Fußnoten
1
Clement Attlee succeeded Winston Churchill as Britain’s Prime Minister (1945–1951).
 
2
See for instance the postwar negotiations on Germany (Roberts, 2005: 44), and others that will be further discussed in Sect. 5.4.
 
3
At the time, diplomat George Kennan was deputy head of mission in Moscow.
 
4
In Yalta, the three allies (USSR, Britain and USA) discussed the future of Germany, the borders of Poland and the spheres of influence in Europe. On Germany, the Three agreed on a division into four zones, occupied and administered by the USA, Britain, France and the Soviet Union Five months later in Potsdam, the Three did not reach any consensus on a peace treaty for Germany. Only vague understandings were issued about German reparations and the peace treaty. The Potsdam accords were then disavowed by the Western powers and the Soviet Union in 1946–1947 (Jackson, 2009: 49).
 
5
Ernest Bevin was the British Foreign Secretary between 1945 and 1951.
 
6
Andrei Vishinski was a Soviet diplomat, assigned as a permanent representative of the Soviet Union to the United Nations from 1945 to 1954.
 
7
A “security dilemma” presupposes that “in the absence of a supranational authority that can enforce binding agreements, many of the steps pursued by states to bolster their security have the effect – often unintended and unforeseen—of making other states less secure” (Jervis, 2001: 36).
 
Literatur
Arendt, H. (1966 [1951]). The Origins of Totalitarianism (New Edition with Added Prefaces). New York: Harcourt Brace.
Arendt, H. (2006 [1963]). Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil. With an Introduction by Amos Elon. London: Penguin Books.
Bauman, Z. (1989). Modernity and the Holocaust. Cambridge and Maldon, MA: Polity Press.
Bevin, E. (1948a, January 4). The First Aim of British Foreign Policy. Memorandum by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
Blum, W. (2004). Killing Hope: US Military and CIA Interventions Since WWII. London: Zed Books.
Bull, H. (1995 [1977]). The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics (2nd ed.). Foreword by Stanley Hoffmann. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan Press.
Butterfield, H. (1950). Christianity and History. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Conway, M. (2006). The Christian Churches and Politics in Europe, 1914–1939. In H. McLeod (Ed.), World Christianities, c.1914–c.2000: The Cambridge History of Christianity (Vol. 9, pp. 151–178). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Donnelly, J. (1998). Human Rights: A New Standard of Civilization? International Affairs, 74(1), 1–24.CrossRef
Duara, P. (2001). The Discourse of Civilization and Pan-Asianism. Journal of World History, 12(1), 99–130.CrossRef
Elias, N. (1997 [1989]). Os Alemães: A luta pelo poder e a evolução do habitus nos séculos XIX e XX (Á. Cabral, Trans.). Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.
Elias, N. (1989 [1939]). O Processo Civilizacional: Investigações sociogenéticas e psicogenéticas (Vol. 1). Lisbon: Publicações Dom Quixote.
Elias, N. (1990 [1939]). O Processo Civilizacional: Investigações sociogenéticas e psicogenéticas (Vol. 2). Lisbon: Publicações Dom Quixote.
Elshtain, J. B. (1989). Freud’s Discourse of War/Politics. In J. Der Derian & M. J. Shapiro (Eds.), International/Intertextual Relations: Postmodern Readings of World Politics (pp. 49–67). New York: Lexington Books.
Freud, S. (1961). Civilization and Its Discontents (J. Strachey, Ed. & Trans.). In S. C. Roach (Ed.) (2008) Critical Theory and International Relations: A Reader (pp. 103–107). New York and Oxon: Routledge.
Gilbert, M. (Ed.). (2012). Churchill: The Power of Words. London: Bantam Press.
Gilbert, M. (2009). From War to Cold War. In K. Larres (Ed.), A Companion to Europe Since 1945 (pp. 7–24). Malden, Oxford, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, Chapter 1.
Gong, G. (2002). Standards of Civilization Today. In M. Mozaffari (Ed.), Globalization and Civilizations (pp. 77–96). London and New York: Routledge.
Gori, R. (2017 [2015]). L’individu ingouvernable. New York: Babel.
Haglund, D. G. (2004). The Case of the Missing Democratic Alliance: France, the Anglo-Saxons and NATO’s Deep Origins. Contemporary Security Policy, 25(2), 225–251.CrossRef
Holloway, D. (2005 [1994]). Stalin and the Bomb. In M. P. Leffler & D. S. Painter (Eds.), Origins of Cold War – An International History (2nd ed., pp. 72–90). New York and London: Routledge.
Jackson, I. (2009). The Cold War: The Western European Perspective. In K. Larres (Ed.), A Companion to Europe Since 1945 (pp. 47–66). Malden, Oxford, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, Chapter 3.
Jackson, P. T. (2003). Defending the West: Occidentalism and the Formation of NATO. The Journal of Political Philosophy, 11(3), 223–252.CrossRef
Jervis, R. (2001). Was the Cold War a Security Dilemma? Journal of Cold War Studies, 3(1), 36–60.CrossRef
Jung, C. G. (1964). Approaching the Unconscious. In C. G. Jung (Ed.), Man and His Symbols (pp. 18–103). New York: Anchor Press Doubleday.
Kaplan, L. A. (1969). The United States and the Origins of NATO 1946–1949. The Review of Politics, 31(2, April), 210–222.CrossRef
Kirby, D. (2000). Divinely Sanctioned: The Anglo-American Cold War Alliance and the Defence of Western Civilization and Christianity, 1945–1948. Journal of Contemporary History, 35(3), 385–412.CrossRef
Lasswell, H. D. (1948). The Prospects of Cooperation in a Bipolar World. The University of Chicago Law Review, 15, 877–901.CrossRef
Lewin, N. (2009). Jung on War, Politics and Nazi Germany: Exploring the Theory of Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. London: Karnac.
Linklater, A. (2007). Critical Theory and World Politics: Citizenship, Sovereignty and Humanity. London and New York: Routledge, Chapter 10.
Lundestad, G. (2003). The United States and Western Europe Since 1945: From Empire by Invitation to Transatlantic Drift. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Maier, C. C. (2005 [1994]). Hegemony and Autonomy Within the Western Alliance. In M. P. Leffler & D. S. Painter (Eds.), Origins of Cold War – An International History (2nd ed., pp. 221–236). New York and London: Routledge.
Malinowski, B. (1936, November). Culture as Determinant of Behaviour. The Scientific Monthly, 43(5, Harvard Tercentenary Conference of Arts and Sciences), 440–449.
Marshall, G. C. (1947, June 5). The ‘Marshall Plan’ Speech. Harvard University. Retrieved May 5, 2015, from http://​oecd.​org
McNeill, W. H. (1982). The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society Since A.D. 1000. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Morgenthau, H. (1948). Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Pons, S. (2001). Stalin, Togliatti, and the Origins of the Cold War in Europe. Journal of Cold War Studies, 3(2), 3–27.CrossRef
Roberts, G. (2005 [1994]). Stalin and Soviet Foreign Policy. In M. P. Leffler & D. S. Painter (Eds.), Origins of Cold War – An International History (2nd ed., pp. 42–57). New York and London: Routledge.
Sélassié, H. (1936, June 30). (Emperor of Ethiopia) in a Speech to the League of Nations, Geneva. In D. Mongin (Ed.), Les 50 discours qui ont marqué la 2e Guerre Mondiale (pp. 35–42). Paris: André Versaille.
Shaw, T. (2002). Martyrs, Miracles, and Martians – Religion and Cold War Cinematic Propaganda in the 1950s. Journal of Cold War Studies, 4(2, Spring), 3–22.CrossRef
Sherwin, M. J. (2005 [1994]). The Atomic Bomb and the Origins of the Cold War. In M. P. Leffler & D. S. Painter (Eds.), Origins of Cold War – An International History (2nd ed., pp. 58–71). New York and London: Routledge.
Shweder, R. A. (1990). Cultural Psychology – What Is It? In J. W. Stigler, R. A. Shweder, & G. Herdt (Eds.), Cultural Psychology: Essays on Comparative Human Development (pp. 1–43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Teixeira, N. S., & Marcos, D. (2016). A Historical Perspective of the Atlantic’s Evolution. Atlantic Future Project, Colección Monografías CIDOB, 9–24.
Toynbee, A. J. (1954). A Study of History (Vol. IX). London, New York & Toronto: Oxford University Press.
Weber, S. (1992). Shaping Postwar Balance of Power: Multilateralism in NATO. International Organization, 46(3, Summer), 633–680.CrossRef
Wiebes, C., & Zeeman, B. (1983). The Pentagon Negotiations March 1948: The Launching of the North Atlantic Treaty. International Affairs, 59(3), 351–363.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
NATO’s Deep Origins (1939–1949): Unbreaking the Civilised Habitus?
verfasst von
Sarah da Mota
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Buch
NATO, Civilisation and Individuals

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74408-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-74409-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74409-4_5

Premium Partner

    Bildnachweise