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2019 | Buch

Data Management Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

SQL & NoSQL Databases

Models, Languages, Consistency Options and Architectures for Big Data Management

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Andreas Meier, Dr. Michael Kaufmann

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to relational (SQL) and non-relational (NoSQL) databases. The authors thoroughly review the current state of database tools and techniques, and examine coming innovations.

The book opens with a broad look at data management, including an overview of information systems and databases, and an explanation of contemporary database types:

SQL and NoSQL databases, and their respective management systems

The nature and uses of Big Data

A high-level view of the organization of data management

Data Modeling and Consistency

Chapter-length treatment is afforded Data Modeling in both relational and graph databases, including enterprise-wide data architecture, and formulas for database design. Coverage of languages extends from an overview of operators, to SQL and and QBE (Query by Example), to integrity constraints and more.

A full chapter probes the challenges of Ensuring Data Consistency, covering:

Multi-User Operation

Troubleshooting

Consistency in Massive Distributed Data

Comparison of the ACID and BASE consistency models, and more

System Architecture also gets from its own chapter, which explores Processing of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Data; Storage and Access Structures; Multi-dimensional Data Structures and Parallel Processing with MapReduce, among other topics.

Post-Relational and NoSQL Databases

The chapter on post-relational databases discusses the limits of SQL – and what lies beyond, including Multi-Dimensional Databases, Knowledge Bases and and Fuzzy Databases.

A final chapter covers NoSQL Databases, along with

Development of Non-Relational Technologies,

Key-Value, Column-Family and Document Stores

XML Databases and Graphic Databases, and more

The book includes more than 100 tables, examples and illustrations, and each chapter offers a list of resources for further reading.

SQL & NoSQL Databases conveys the strengths and weaknesses of relational and non-relational approaches, and shows how to undertake development for big data applications. The book benefits readers including students and practitioners working across the broad field of applied information technology.

This textbook has been recommended and developed for university courses in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Data Management
Abstract
The first chapter gives an overview about information systems and databases. An introduction into SQL databases, including the relational model, the Structured Query Language (SQL), as well as the architecture is given. The definition of Big Data is based on several vʼs such as volume, variety, velocity, value, and veracity. Based on this definition, NoSQL databases are introduced including a graph model, the graph-oriented query language Cypher, as well as architectural issues of NoSQL databases. Last but not least, organizational aspects of data management are discussed, including the new role of data scientists.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Chapter 2. Data Modeling
Abstract
Chapter 2 is based on data modeling aspects. First, the entity relationship model is explained with entities, relationships, association types, generalization, and aggregation. Second, the introduction of the relational model consists of studying dependencies and normal forms, mapping rules for relational databases, as well as integrity constraints. The third data model, the graph model, is defined by its properties, mapping rules, as well as integrity constraints. In addition, a corporate-wide data model as well as a recipe for data modeling are given.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
3. Database Languages
Abstract
Chapter 3 is dedicated to database languages. After the definition of the relational algebra with set-oriented and relational-oriented operators, the Structured Query Language SQL as well as Query-By-Example QBE are discussed. A graph-oriented query language is outlined with the help of Cypher, a graph-based language of the database system Neo4j. After the discussion of embedded query languages, null values or integrity rules, data security and data protection issues are outlined.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Chapter 4. Ensuring Data Consistency
Abstract
Chapter 4 is the chapter of consistency concepts. First, the classical transactional concept of relational databases is given, including ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability), followed by pessimistic and optimistic concurrency control mechanisms. Second, consistency issues of NoSQL databases are discussed such as the BASE (basically available, soft state, eventually consistent) concept and the CAP theorem (consistency, availability, and partition tolerance). In addition, vector clocks are introduced in order to serialize parallel transactions. A comparison between ACID and BASE closes the chapter.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Chapter 5. System Architecture
Abstract
In Chapter 5, important architectural concepts such as data structures, access functions, and optimization are explained. First, tree structures, hash functions, consistent hashing, and multidimensional data structures are given. Second, translation and optimization are outlined by introducing query trees, algebraic optimization, and the implementation aspects for the relational algebra. Finally, the Map/Reduce technique for NoSQL databases is discussed, and the layered software architecture is summarized.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Chapter 6. Postrelational Databases
Abstract
Chapter 6 is dedicated to postrelational databases such as federal, temporal, multidimensional databases as well as data warehousing, object-relational, knowledge-based and fuzzy-based databases.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Chapter 7. NoSQL Databases
Abstract
The final Chapter 7 gives an overview about NoSQL databases such as key-value databases, column-based, document-based, XML-based, and graph-oriented databases.
Andreas Meier, Michael Kaufmann
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
SQL & NoSQL Databases
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Andreas Meier
Dr. Michael Kaufmann
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Electronic ISBN
978-3-658-24549-8
Print ISBN
978-3-658-24548-1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24549-8

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