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2013 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Design and Operation of Automated Container Storage Systems

verfasst von: Nils Kemme

Verlag: Physica-Verlag HD

Buchreihe : Contributions to Management Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

The storage yard is the operational and geographical centre of most seaport container terminals. Therefore, it is of particular importance for the whole terminal system and plays a major role for trade and transport flows. One of the latest trends in container-storage operations is the automated Rail-Mounted-Gantry-Crane system, which offers dense stacking, and offers low labour costs. This book investigates whether the operational performance of container terminals is influenced by the design of these storage systems and to what extent the performance is affected by the terminal's framework conditions, and discusses the strategies applied for container stacking and crane scheduling. A detailed simulation model is presented to compare the performance effects of alternative storage designs, innovative planning strategies, and other influencing factors. The results have useful implications future research, practical terminal planning and optimisation.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
The sea traffic and trade has always been of great importance for both the business success of individual companies as well as the welfare of nations.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 2. Container-Terminal Logistics
Abstract
As the actual decoupling point between maritime and inland transport, seaport container terminals play an essential role in the international container transport network, which is at the same time one of the greatest drivers and one of the greatest profiteers of the globalisation. In this chapter, the basic terms, facts and problems of seaport container terminals are introduced in order to prepare the ground for all following analyses. After a brief introduction of the container logistics sector as a whole, functions, operations and equipment types of container terminals are described, which is followed by definitions of several design and performance indicators for container terminals. Finally, a comprehensive overview on all kinds of planning problems arising at seaport container terminals is provided.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 3. Container-Storage Yard
Abstract
The container-storage yard is of particular importance for seaport container terminals, since it is the terminal’s central part from both the geographical and the processual point of view. Most of the terminal operations either originate from or cease at the container-storage yard, such that most terminal operations are directly or indirectly affected by the storage-yard operations. Therefore, the operational performance of seaport container terminals as a whole is to a large extent determined by the operations of the container-storage yard. In this chapter, the container-storage yard is firstly characterised and thereafter its performance measures and their importance for the performance of seaport container terminals as a whole are discussed. Then, different types of storage-yard systems are compared and—to motivate the further investigation—the automated RMGC system is found to be of great relevance for the performance of modern container terminals. As a consequence, this comparison is followed by a detailed description of the RMGC system and its variants.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 4. RMGC-Design-Planning Problem
Abstract
The design of automated RMGC systems plays a major role for the competitiveness of the container-storage yards and seaport container terminals as a whole. In this chapter, the strategical design-planning of automated RMGC systems is addressed in detail. It is started with a description of that planning problem, including a classification of decisions to be made, a discussion on objectives to be aimed at and an overview on parameters to be considered. Thereafter, an extensive review of the literature relevant to the problem of designing container-storage yards at seaport container terminals is provided. In particular, it is focused on the research approach used and the most important findings of the papers discussed. Based on the findings of the literature review, different types of general research approaches are introduced and discussed with respect to their applicability for the RMGC-design-planning problem.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 5. Operational RMGC-Planning Problems
Abstract
The operational performance of automated RMGC systems is to a large extent determined by the planning strategies applied for container stacking, crane scheduling and crane routing. In the present chapter, these operational planning problems are addressed in depth. It is started with the container-stacking problem. After reviewing and classifying existing stacking strategies, a new stacking approach is presented, which allows for a weighted combination of different stacking strategies, and a procedure for generating and scheduling housekeeping moves is introduced. Thereafter, the crane-scheduling problem is addressed. After this problem is discussed and an overview on known solution approaches is given, some new scheduling strategies are presented which are based on priority rules, integer programming, enumeration and genetic algorithms. Finally, the problem of routing RMGCs is introduced, relevant literature for that problem is discussed and different claiming-based routing strategies are presented.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 6. Simulation as a Terminal-Planning Approach
Abstract
As container terminals are systems with high degrees of complexity, dynamics and stochastic relations, simulation is often considered to be the method of choice for analysing all kinds of planning problems at seaport container terminals. In this chapter, the use of simulation for investigating strategical and operational planning problems of automated RMGC systems is addressed. It is started with a brief introduction to the field of simulation analysis, which is followed by a review of existing simulation studies with respect to concepts, assumptions and possible shortcomings of the implemented simulation models. Based on this literature review as well as generally accepted guidelines for the design of simulation models, some basic principles for a new simulation model addressing the research questions of this work are summarised. The chapter is closed with an introduction to conceptual design, main features, assumptions and limitations as well as validation and verification aspects of the RMGC-simulation model that is actually used for the simulation study of this work.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 7. Simulation Study on RMGC-Design Planning
Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the numerical investigation of planning problems on the design and the operation of automated RMGC systems at seaport container terminals. For that purpose, thousands of simulation experiments are conducted with the previously introduced RMGC-simulation model, statistically analysed, interpreted and discussed. Firstly, the effects of decisions on the operating type of RMGC system and the yard-block layout on the operational performance of container-storage yards are analysed in depth. Thereafter, it is investigated in how far the effects of the RMGC design are sensitive to changes of several factors, which include the average filling rate of the yard block, the mean container-dwell time, the transshipment factor, the vessel-call pattern, the crane kinematics as well as the choice and the parametrisation of operational strategies for the container-stacking, crane-scheduling and crane-routing problems. Finally, all findings of this simulation study are discussed and summarised with respect to their practical implications.
Nils Kemme
Chapter 8. Summary and Outlook
Abstract
Based on the important function of seaport container terminals for the international trade flows in a containerised world, the present work is motivated by the increasing use of different design variants of automated RMGC systems at container terminals all around the world, which is driven by the trend towards using more eco-friendly and less labour-intensive terminal equipment—in particular in industrialised countries in Europe, North-America and parts of Asia. The main objectives of this work are to quantify and to explain the effects of RMGC-design alternatives on the operational performance of container-storage yards and seaport container terminals as a whole as well as to identify and to evaluate the effects of terminal-framework conditions and operational planning strategies on the operational performance and the design of RMGC systems at seaport container terminals.
Nils Kemme
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Design and Operation of Automated Container Storage Systems
verfasst von
Nils Kemme
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Physica-Verlag HD
Electronic ISBN
978-3-7908-2885-6
Print ISBN
978-3-7908-2884-9
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2885-6

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