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2020 | Buch

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Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics

Theory and Applications

verfasst von: Wanming Zhai

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book systematically presents the theory, numerical implementation, field experiments and practical engineering applications of the ‘Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics’. Representing a radical departure from classic vehicle system dynamics and track dynamics, the vehicle–track coupled dynamics theory considers the vehicle and track as one interactive and integrated system coupled through wheel–rail interaction. This new theory enables a more comprehensive and accurate solution to the train–track dynamic interaction problem which is a fundamental and important research topic in railway transportation system, especially for the rapidly developed high-speed and heavy-haul railways. It has been widely applied in practical railway engineering.
Dr. Wanming Zhai is a Chair Professor of Railway Engineering at Southwest Jiaotong University, where he is also chairman of the Academic Committee and Director of the Train and Track Research Institute. He is a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and one of the leading scientists in railway system dynamics. Professor Zhai is Editor-in-Chief of both the International Journal of Rail Transportation, published by Taylor & Francis Group, and the Journal of Modern Transportation, published by Springer. In addition, he is a trustee of the International Association for Vehicle System Dynamics, Vice President of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, and Vice President of the Chinese Society for Vibration Engineering.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

1. Introduction

Abstract

To better understand vehicle–track coupled dynamics which is a new theoretical system, it is necessary for readers to understand the following questions. What is the background under which the theory was proposed? What is the academic rationale of the theory? What are the research scopes and research methodologies? In this chapter, the author will give detailed explanations of these questions.

Wanming Zhai

2. Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics Models

Abstract

Theoretical model is the base for the study of vehicle–track coupled dynamics problems. In this chapter, the principle and methodology for modeling of vehicle–track coupled systems are discussed at first. And then, three types of theoretical models are established: the vehicle–track vertically coupled dynamics model, the vehicle–track spatially coupled dynamics model, and the train–track spatially coupled dynamics model, in which typical passenger coaches, freight wagons, and locomotives as well as typical ballasted and ballastless tracks are included. A new dynamic wheel–rail coupling model is also established to connect the vehicle subsystem and track subsystem. Equations of motion of the vehicle and track subsystems are deduced and given in detail.

Wanming Zhai

3. Excitation Models of Vehicle–Track Coupled System

Abstract

Wheel–rail system excitation is the root cause of vibrations of vehicle–track coupled systems. It is necessary to reveal the pattern characteristics, model description and input method of the wheel–rail system excitation. In general, the wheel–rail system excitations can be divided into deterministic excitations and nondeterministic excitations. Nondeterministic excitations mainly refer to track random irregularity. Deterministic excitations are induced by some specific factors of vehicle and track systems. The factors from vehicles are relatively simple, mainly including wheel flats, out-of-round wheels, and eccentric wheels, etc. The factors from tracks are more complicated, not only because of track geometry state, such as rail dipped joints, rail dislocation joints, track geometry irregularities, and rail corrugation, etc., but also due to track structure defects, such as sleeper voids (unsupported sleepers), sudden change of subgrade stiffness, etc. According to their characteristics, the author divides the wheel–rail system excitations into four categories, they are the impact excitation, harmonic excitation, dynamic stiffness excitation, and random excitation. This chapter presents the excitation input method and modeling of these four types of excitations.

Wanming Zhai

4. Numerical Method and Computer Simulation for Analysis of Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics

Abstract

As can be seen from Chap. 2, the vehicle–track coupled system belongs to a large-scale dynamic system including strong nonlinearities. It is impossible to theoretically solve dynamic response for such a complicated system. Time-stepping integration provides the best way for the numerical solution of the equations of motion of the vehicle–track coupled dynamics system. This chapter discusses the application of time integration methods to the analysis of vehicle–track coupled dynamics, focusing on the application of a new simple fast time integration method (Zhai in Int J Numer Meth Eng. 39(24):4199–214, 1996 [1]), and introduces associated computer simulation programs.

Wanming Zhai

5. Field Test on Vehicle–Track Coupled System Dynamics

Abstract

Field test and theoretical analysis are the two fundamental investigation approaches in the field of vehicle–track coupled dynamics. Field test is the essential step in validating the dynamics model and the simulation system. The validated dynamics model and simulation system can then be used to optimize the dynamic performance of the system, leading to a shortened designing phase and a reduced need for the costly field test. Furthermore, field test is also the last step in examining the reliability of the vehicle–track system design. Section 5.1 introduces the field test methods including field test methods of vehicle dynamics and track dynamics. Typical tests that were carried out by the author and his team are then presented, which includes dynamic performance tests for typical high-speed passenger train and freight train (Sect. 5.2), as well as vehicle–track dynamic interaction test for a high-speed train on slab track and track dynamics tests for a heavy-haul train passing a rail joint and for an ordinary train negotiating a small-radius curve (Sect. 5.3).

Wanming Zhai

6. Experimental Validation of Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics Models

Abstract

Any theoretical model must be validated by experiments so as to confirm its correctness and reliability, especially for the dynamic models related to engineering problems. Only the theoretical model or the analysis software that is validated by field experiments could be applied to practical engineering in order to ensure the safety and reliability of critical engineering. Based on the typical field tests introduced in Chap. 5 and the plenty of wheel–rail system dynamics field tests on Chinese speedup lines and high-speed railway lines, this chapter performs systematic validations of the three theoretical models established in Chap. 2: (i) the vehicle–track vertically coupled dynamics model and the corresponding simulation analysis system, VICT; (ii) the vehicle–track spatially coupled dynamics model and the corresponding simulation analysis system, TTISIM; (iii) the train–track spatially coupled dynamics model.

Wanming Zhai

7. Computational Comparison of Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics and Vehicle System Dynamics

Abstract

It is of prime importance to ascertain the specific differences in the computational results between the vehicle–track coupled dynamics model (hereinafter referred to as the “coupled model”) and the traditional vehicle system dynamics model (hereinafter referred to as the “traditional model”) for further understanding the necessity of research on the theory of vehicle–track coupled dynamics. It can also provide the basis for defining the application scopes of both the traditional model and the coupled model. This chapter will analyze and compare the computational results of the two models from three aspects: railway vehicle nonlinear hunting stability, ride comfort, and curving performance.

Wanming Zhai

8. Vibration Characteristics of Vehicle–Track Coupled System

Abstract

This chapter shows the basic vibration characteristics of vehicle–track coupled systems under different wheel–rail system excitations obtained by using the vehicle–track coupled dynamics theory and the corresponding simulation software VICT and TTISIM. Seven typical wheel–rail excitations including smooth rail (no defect), local impact defects, local harmonic geometry defects, cyclic harmonic geometry defects, failure of system components, random track irregularities, and railway infrastructure settlement are considered. The vehicle and track dynamic responses and the wheel–rail interactions under these excitations will provide a general understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle–track coupled systems. The geometry and parameters of the railway vehicles and tracks adopted in the simulations presented in this chapter are given in the appendix, where the high-speed railway vehicle (Appendix A), the freight wagons (Appendix B), the high-speed ballasted track (Fig. C.1 and Table C.1 in Appendix C), the heavy-haul ballasted track (Table C.2 in Appendix C) and the high-speed ballastless slab track (Appendix D) are illustrated.

Wanming Zhai

9. Principle and Method of Optimal Integrated Design for Dynamic Performances of Vehicle and Track Systems

Abstract

In this chapter, concept, principle, and method of optimal integrated design for dynamic performances of vehicle and track systems are proposed based upon the vehicle–track coupled dynamics theory and its simulation software. Two case studies are provided for demonstrating the implementation of the proposed method, i.e., optimal design of suspension parameters of a heavy-haul locomotive, HX_D2C, for minimizing lateral wheel–rail dynamic interaction on small radius curves, and design of a steep gradient section on Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong high-speed railway to ensure vehicle ride comfort and running safety.

Wanming Zhai

10. Practical Applications of the Theory of Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics in Engineering

Abstract

The vehicle–track coupled dynamics theory has been successfully applied to solve tremendous practical problems in railway engineering, involving engineering projects in high-speed railways, heavy-haul railways, and speedup railways. This chapter introduces some representative practical application cases in the rapid development process of Chinese railways, including redesign of dynamic performance of a speedup locomotive, reduction of rail side wear on heavy-haul railway curves, safety control of coupler swing angle of a heavy-haul long train, and design of a shared high-speed passenger, and freight railway.

Wanming Zhai

Backmatter

Titel: Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics
verfasst von: Wanming Zhai
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN: 978-981-329-283-3
Print ISBN: 978-981-329-282-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9283-3

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