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Social Indicators Research
Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research 1/2021

05.05.2020 | Original Research

Measuring Sustainable Development by Non-aggregative Approach

verfasst von: Leonardo Salvatore Alaimo, Andrea Ciacci, Enrico Ivaldi

Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research | Ausgabe 1/2021

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Abstract

The paper deals with the issue of sustainable development, considering the three dimension that traditionally define the phenomenon: economy, environment and society. By using data from the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound), which provide information on the perception of the sustainable development in the European countries. We want to analyse the situation of European countries by providing synthetic measures for each dimension of sustainable development. In doing this, we adopted two different methods of synthesis a non-aggregative approach, based on the theory of the partially ordered set. To test the validity and consistency of the measurement obtained, the results will be compared with those obtained by applying some of the most common aggregative methods.
Vorheriger Artikel Synthesis of Multi-indicator System Over Time: A Poset-based Approach
Nächster Artikel Analysis of Sustainability Propensity of Bike-Sharing Customers Using Partially Ordered Sets Methodology

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Fußnoten
1
Jackson (2009)’ scenarios about the required reductions carbon intensity (g CO2/$) of economic activities. Limiting the global warming under \(2\,^{\circ }\)C by 2050 while sustaining a 2% economic growth in developed nations and allowing developing nations to catch up the standard of living of developed nations would require an approximately 10% reduction in carbon intensity per year. The current annual reduction rate is approximately 1%.
 
3
In most cases, the indicator systems are in the form of three-way data time arrays. These data structures are characterized by a greater complexity of information, consisting in the fact that multivariate data are observed at different times (D’Urso 2000). In this paper, we analyze multi-indicator systems in a specific year, i.e. a specific slice of a three-way time data array.
 
4
For detailed information about these methods, please see: Nardo et al. (2005), OECD (2008), Mazziotta and Pareto (2017).
 
5
As shown by Alaimo (2020), aggregation methods can be classified according to the degree of compensability tolerated. The latter is a fundamental issue in composite index construction. According to Mazziotta and Pareto (2017), the components of a composite index are called substitutable if a deficit in one component may be compensated by a surplus in another; on the contrary, the components of a composite index are called non-substitutable if a compensation among them is not allowed. Thus we can define an aggregation approach as ‘compensatory’ or ‘non-compensatory’ depending on whether it permits compensability or not. The aggregative methods considered in this paper are distinguished by the different levels of compensability among the basic indicators:
  • The arithmetic mean implies full compensability, such that poor performance in some indicators can be compensated for by sufficiently high values in other indicators;
  • The geometric mean only allows compensability between indicators within certain limitations (partially compensative); the ability of indicators with very low scores to be fully compensated for by indicators with high scores is restricted;
  • The MPI is partially non-compensative composite indicator.
 
6
Kendall’s correlation coefficient distinguishes itself from Spearman’s one by stronger penalization of non-sequential (in context of the ranked variables) dislocations.
 
7
In the Hasse diagram, the nodes corresponding to Finland and Denmark are overlapping because of space reasons, even if they are incomparable.
 
8
We have relativized the average heights by dividing them by their maximum value.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Measuring Sustainable Development by Non-aggregative Approach
verfasst von
Leonardo Salvatore Alaimo
Andrea Ciacci
Enrico Ivaldi
Publikationsdatum
05.05.2020
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Social Indicators Research / Ausgabe 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02357-0

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