Maximizing Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm

The lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are considered one of the most challenges that face the topology control of WSNs. Topology control of WSNs is a technique to optimize the connections between nodes to reduce the interference between them, save energy and extend network lifetime. In this paper proposed an algorithm based on Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) called WOTC, the paper provides a discrete version of the WOA, where the position of each Whale is calculate and represented in a binary format. The proposed fitness function is designed to consider two main target; a minimization in numbers of active nodes, and low energy consumption within these nodes to overcome challenges that face topology control to prolong the WSNs lifetime, the simulations were carried out using Attaraya a simulator. Consequently, the results showed that the final topology obtained by WOTC is better than A3 topology depending on the number of neighbors and their energies for active nodes, use a graph traversal function to ensure that all nodes which selected in network are covered in the best topology selection.