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Erschienen in:
2010 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Catastrophic Slide: Vaiont Landslide, Italy
verfasst von : Eduardo E. Alonso, Núria M. Pinyol, Alexander M. Puzrin
Erschienen in: Geomechanics of Failures. Advanced Topics
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
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An impressive double curvature arch dam, 276 m high, was built in the years 1957 – 1960 to store the waters of the Vaiont River, located in the Italian Alps, approximately 80 km north of the city of Venice. The dam was built in a narrow canyon, cut by the river in massive Jurassic limestone (Fig. 2.1a). The photograph shows, in the foreground, the limestone abutments of the dam and, in the background, the steep slope of the left bank of the river, which was actually the toe of an ancient landslide. The ancient slide became unstable in October 1963, when the level of the reservoir was close to its maximum, and invaded the reservoir at great speed. The displaced water generated a gigantic wave, 220 m high, which flew over the dam (which stood without bursting) and destroyed several villages downstream, causing more than 2,000 casualties. The failure sent seismic waves, recorded in seismographs across Europe.