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1991 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Mechanics of Fibrous Composites

verfasst von: Mahmood Husein Datoo, BSc, PhD, CEng, MRAeS

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Enthalten in: Professional Book Archive

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Über dieses Buch

Fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) composite materials are basically of two types. The first type is short fibres reinforced in a plastic matrix, and the other type continuous (long) fibres reinforced in a plastic matrix. The exact distinction between a short and a continuous fibre is discussed in Chapter 1. Continuous fibre-reinforced composite materials are referred to by many labels: FRP composites, advanced composites, fibrous composites, composite materials or simply composites. These terms are now generally accepted to mean the same type of material, namely, continuous fibre reinforced in plastic. In this book, the term fibrous composites is used to define a continuous fibre reinforced in plastic. Fibrous composites are presently in use for a variety of structural applica­ tions, and may offer an alternative to conventional metallic materials. The behaviour of fibrous composites subjected to a loading condition is very different from that of a metallic isotropic material. Therefore, 'new' analytical and testing methods are required to analyse a structural element and sections made from layered fibrous composites. There are a number of books written on the subject of composite materials. All of these are excellent in their content and achieve the authors' objectives.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. Introduction
Abstract
The word ‘composite’ means ‘consisting of two or more distinct parts’. A composite material is formed when two or more materials are combined so that the properties of the composite are different from, and usually better than, those of the individual constituents. There will be no point in trying to form a composite material if the resulting properties, required for a particular application, are worse than the constituent properties.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
2. Ply Stiffness Analysis
Abstract
The analysis of a layered laminate is very much dependent on the structural behaviour of an individual ply. In this chapter, we shall consider the analysis involved with the behaviour of a ply in terms of its stress-strain relationship. That is, for a given state of stress at a point, how would we determine the strain, and vice versa, given the strains at a point how do we get the stresses? The process of forming the stress-strain relationship is termed the stiffness analysis. We shall look at the stiffness analysis of an isotropic ply before going on to consider a fibrous composite ply.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
3. Ply Strength Analysis
Abstract
In Chapter 2, we looked at the stiffness analysis of a ply, whereby we developed the stress-strain and strain-stress relationships. Now, given a complex stress system acting on a ply, we need to assess the ply strength to determine whether the ply has failed using an appropriate failure criterion. The process of assessing the ply strength is termed ‘strength analysis’.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
4. Layered Laminate
Abstract
Until now, we have looked at the stiffness and strength analyses of a single ply: specially and generally orthotropic plies. When two or more plies, either of the same or different materials, are bonded and stacked one on top of the other to act as a single structural layered element, then this structural element is called a layered laminate.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
5. Laminate Stiffness Analysis
Abstract
In Chapter 4 we developed the full laminate constitutive equation for a general case in which the laminate load-deformation relationship was obtained. By inverting the laminate constitutive equation into a deformation-load relationship, the laminate compliance values were obtained, from which the equivalent elastic constants could be determined. In this chapter, we will look at some specific numerical examples to show the process of computing the laminate stiffness and compliance terms, and the laminate equivalent elastic constants in the membrane and bending modes. We will also look at the various types of laminate configurations and their associated stiffness characteristics.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
6. Laminate Strength Analysis
Abstract
In Chapter 5 we looked at the stiffness aspects of various laminate configurations. We went through the computational procedures for calculating the laminate stiffnesses and equivalent elastic constants. We also noted the stiffness characteristics of commonly used laminate configurations.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
7. Residual Stresses
Abstract
In performing the stress analysis of a layered laminate made from fibrous composite materials, we have so far considered the deformations in the plies caused by the externally applied loads. The externally applied loads were in the form of in-plane force intensities: N x, N y, N xy and out-of-plane moment intensities: M x, M y, M xy. These external loads are sometimes referred to as mechanical loads and the resulting deformations are known as mechanical deformations. Ply deformations induced by other than mechanical loads are termed nonmechanical deformations and the corresponding loads are then the nonmechanical loads.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
8. Thin-walled Composite Sections
Abstract
So far, we have analysed a flat element made from layered fibrous composite materials for which the laminate constitutive equation was developed for a general case. Laminate stiffnesses and strengths were considered and detail ply-to-ply computations performed. Both mechanical and hygrothermal loads and associated deformations were considered.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
9. Interlaminar Stresses
Abstract
In developing the laminate constitutive equation for the determination of laminate stiffness, stress and strength, a plane stress condition was assumed. The laminate was regarded as a thin element and all induced stresses were in the plane of the laminate, with zero out-of-plane, or interlaminar, stresses. Generally, a plane stress analysis is accurate for structures made from thin-walled elements.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
10. Miscellaneous Topics
Abstract
In the last chapter, we will be looking at various topics associated with the mechanics of advanced composites. Each topic will be covered in just sufficient detail to make the designer aware of the salient features. Also, the individual topics discussed are relatively short in quantity and varied in their content so as not to justify a chapter on their own, and hence the miscellaneous subjects covered in various sections in one chapter.
Mahmood Husein Datoo
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Mechanics of Fibrous Composites
verfasst von
Mahmood Husein Datoo, BSc, PhD, CEng, MRAeS
Copyright-Jahr
1991
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Electronic ISBN
978-94-011-3670-9
Print ISBN
978-1-85166-600-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3670-9