Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Machine Vision and Applications 5/2016

01.07.2016 | Special Issue Paper

On the value of the Kullback–Leibler divergence for cost-effective spectral imaging of plants by optimal selection of wavebands

verfasst von: Landry Benoit, Romain Benoit, Étienne Belin, Rodolphe Vadaine, Didier Demilly, François Chapeau-Blondeau, David Rousseau

Erschienen in: Machine Vision and Applications | Ausgabe 5/2016

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The practical value of a criterion based on statistical information theory is demonstrated for the selection of optimal wavelength and bandwidth of low-cost lighting systems in plant imaging applications. Kullback–Leibler divergence is applied to the problem of spectral band reduction from hyperspectral imaging. The results are illustrated on various plant imaging problems and show similar results to the one obtained with state-of-the-art criteria. A specific interest of the proposed approach is to offer the possibility to integrate technological constraints in the optimization of the spectral bands selected.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Thenkabail, P.S., Lyon, J.G.: Huete: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2011)CrossRef Thenkabail, P.S., Lyon, J.G.: Huete: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2011)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bock, C.H., Poole, G.H., Parker, P.E., Gottwald, T.: Plant disease severity estimated visually, by digital photography and image analysis, and by hyperspectral imaging. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 29, 59–107 (2010)CrossRef Bock, C.H., Poole, G.H., Parker, P.E., Gottwald, T.: Plant disease severity estimated visually, by digital photography and image analysis, and by hyperspectral imaging. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 29, 59–107 (2010)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Grahn, H., Geladi, P.: Techniques and Applications of Hyperspectral Image Analysis. Wiley, New York (2007)CrossRef Grahn, H., Geladi, P.: Techniques and Applications of Hyperspectral Image Analysis. Wiley, New York (2007)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Vigneau, N., Ecarnot, M., Rabatel, G., Roumet, P.: Potential of field hyperspectral imaging as a non destructive method to assess leaf nitrogen content in Wheat. Field Crops Res. 122, 25–31 (2011)CrossRef Vigneau, N., Ecarnot, M., Rabatel, G., Roumet, P.: Potential of field hyperspectral imaging as a non destructive method to assess leaf nitrogen content in Wheat. Field Crops Res. 122, 25–31 (2011)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Behmann, J., Mahlein, A.K., Paulus, S., Kuhlmann, H., Oerke, E. C., Plumer, L.: Generation and application of hyperspectral 3D plant models. In: Agapito, L., Bronstein, M.M., Rother, C. (eds.) Computer Vision-ECCV 2014 Workshops. 70, 117–130. Springer, New York (2014) Behmann, J., Mahlein, A.K., Paulus, S., Kuhlmann, H., Oerke, E. C., Plumer, L.: Generation and application of hyperspectral 3D plant models. In: Agapito, L., Bronstein, M.M., Rother, C. (eds.) Computer Vision-ECCV 2014 Workshops. 70, 117–130. Springer, New York (2014)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Rousseau, D., Chéné, Y., Belin, E., Semaan, G., Trigui, G., Boudehri, K., Franconi, F., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: Multiscale imaging of plants: current approaches and challenges. Plant Methods 11, 1–6 (2015)CrossRef Rousseau, D., Chéné, Y., Belin, E., Semaan, G., Trigui, G., Boudehri, K., Franconi, F., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: Multiscale imaging of plants: current approaches and challenges. Plant Methods 11, 1–6 (2015)CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsaftaris, S.A.: Noutsos: plant phenotyping with low cost digital cameras and image analytics. In: Athanasiadis, I.N., Rizzoli, A.E., Mitkas, P.A., Gómez, M.J. (eds.) Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering, pp. 238–251. Springer, Berlin (2009)CrossRef Tsaftaris, S.A.: Noutsos: plant phenotyping with low cost digital cameras and image analytics. In: Athanasiadis, I.N., Rizzoli, A.E., Mitkas, P.A., Gómez, M.J. (eds.) Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering, pp. 238–251. Springer, Berlin (2009)CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Kleynen, O., Leemans, V., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for Jonagold apple sorting. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 30, 221–232 (2003)CrossRef Kleynen, O., Leemans, V., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for Jonagold apple sorting. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 30, 221–232 (2003)CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Piron, A., Leemans, V., Kleynen, O., Lebeau, F., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for discriminating weeds from crop. Comput. Electron. Agric. 62, 141–148 (2008)CrossRef Piron, A., Leemans, V., Kleynen, O., Lebeau, F., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for discriminating weeds from crop. Comput. Electron. Agric. 62, 141–148 (2008)CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Feyaerts, F., Van Gool, K.: Multi-spectral vision system for weed detection. Pattern Recognit. Lett. 22, 667–674 (2001)CrossRefMATH Feyaerts, F., Van Gool, K.: Multi-spectral vision system for weed detection. Pattern Recognit. Lett. 22, 667–674 (2001)CrossRefMATH
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Chao, K., Chen, Y., Hruschka, W., Park, B.: Chicken heart disease characterization by multi-spectral imaging. Appl. Eng. Agric. 17, 99–106 (2001)CrossRef Chao, K., Chen, Y., Hruschka, W., Park, B.: Chicken heart disease characterization by multi-spectral imaging. Appl. Eng. Agric. 17, 99–106 (2001)CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Pal, M.: Margin-based feature selection for hyperspectral data. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 11, 212–220 (2009)CrossRef Pal, M.: Margin-based feature selection for hyperspectral data. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 11, 212–220 (2009)CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Pal, M.: Multinomial logistic regression-based feature selection for hyperspectral data. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 14, 214–220 (2012)CrossRef Pal, M.: Multinomial logistic regression-based feature selection for hyperspectral data. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 14, 214–220 (2012)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Guo, G., Gunn, S., Damper, R., Nelson, J.: Band selection for hyperspectral image classification using mutual information. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 3, 522–526 (2000)CrossRef Guo, G., Gunn, S., Damper, R., Nelson, J.: Band selection for hyperspectral image classification using mutual information. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 3, 522–526 (2000)CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat De Backer, S., Kempeneers, P., Debruyn, W., Scheunders, P.: A band selection technique for spectral classification. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 2, 319–323 (2005)CrossRef De Backer, S., Kempeneers, P., Debruyn, W., Scheunders, P.: A band selection technique for spectral classification. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 2, 319–323 (2005)CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Nakauchi, S., Nishino, K., Yamashita, T.: Selection of optimal combinations of band-pass filters for ice detection by hyperspectral imaging. Opt. Express 20, 986–1000 (2012)CrossRef Nakauchi, S., Nishino, K., Yamashita, T.: Selection of optimal combinations of band-pass filters for ice detection by hyperspectral imaging. Opt. Express 20, 986–1000 (2012)CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Richter, M., Beyerer, J.: Optical filter selection for automatic visual inspection. In: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 5, 123–128 (2014) Richter, M., Beyerer, J.: Optical filter selection for automatic visual inspection. In: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 5, 123–128 (2014)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Hansen, P.M., Schjoerring, J.K.: Reflectance measurement of canopy biomass and nitrogen status in wheat crops using normalized difference vegetation indices and partial least squares regression. Remote Sens. Environ. 86, 542–553 (2003)CrossRef Hansen, P.M., Schjoerring, J.K.: Reflectance measurement of canopy biomass and nitrogen status in wheat crops using normalized difference vegetation indices and partial least squares regression. Remote Sens. Environ. 86, 542–553 (2003)CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Thenkabail, P.S., Smith, R.B., De Pauw, E.: Evaluation of narrowband and broadband vegetation indices for determining optimal hyperspectral wavebands for agricultural crop characterization. Photogr. Eng. Remote Sens. 68, 607–622 (2002) Thenkabail, P.S., Smith, R.B., De Pauw, E.: Evaluation of narrowband and broadband vegetation indices for determining optimal hyperspectral wavebands for agricultural crop characterization. Photogr. Eng. Remote Sens. 68, 607–622 (2002)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Fiorani, F., Rascher, U., Jahnke, S., Schurr, U.: Imaging plants dynamics in heterogenic environments. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 23, 227–235 (2012)CrossRef Fiorani, F., Rascher, U., Jahnke, S., Schurr, U.: Imaging plants dynamics in heterogenic environments. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 23, 227–235 (2012)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wold, S., Ruhe, A., Wold, H., Dunn, I.: The collinearity problem in linear regression. The partial least squares (PLS) approach to generalized inverses. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 5, 735–743 (1984)CrossRefMATH Wold, S., Ruhe, A., Wold, H., Dunn, I.: The collinearity problem in linear regression. The partial least squares (PLS) approach to generalized inverses. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 5, 735–743 (1984)CrossRefMATH
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Osborne, S., Kunnemeyer, R., Jordan, R.: Method of wavelength selection for partial least squares. Analyst 122, 1531–1537 (1997)CrossRef Osborne, S., Kunnemeyer, R., Jordan, R.: Method of wavelength selection for partial least squares. Analyst 122, 1531–1537 (1997)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Benoit, L., Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: Information-theoretic modeling of trichromacy coding of light spectrum. Fluct. Noise Lett. 13, 1–23 (2014)CrossRef Benoit, L., Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: Information-theoretic modeling of trichromacy coding of light spectrum. Fluct. Noise Lett. 13, 1–23 (2014)CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Basseville, M.: Divergence measures for statistical data processing: an annotated bibliography. Signal Process. 93, 621–633 (2013)CrossRef Basseville, M.: Divergence measures for statistical data processing: an annotated bibliography. Signal Process. 93, 621–633 (2013)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Bowen, J.K., Mesarich, C.H., Bus, V.G., Beresford, R.M., Plummer, K.M.: Templeton: \({Venturia\, inaequalis}\): the causal agent of apple scab. Mol. Plant Pathol. 12, 105–122 (2011)CrossRef Bowen, J.K., Mesarich, C.H., Bus, V.G., Beresford, R.M., Plummer, K.M.: Templeton: \({Venturia\, inaequalis}\): the causal agent of apple scab. Mol. Plant Pathol. 12, 105–122 (2011)CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Oerke, E.C., Frohling, P., Steiner, U.: Thermographic assessment of scab disease on apple leaves. Precis. Agric. 12, 699–715 (2011)CrossRef Oerke, E.C., Frohling, P., Steiner, U.: Thermographic assessment of scab disease on apple leaves. Precis. Agric. 12, 699–715 (2011)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Chéné, Y., Rousseau, D., Lucidarme, P., Bertheloot, J., Caffier, V., Morel, P., Belin, E., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: On the use of depth camera for 3D phenotyping of entire plants. Comput. Electron. Agric. 82, 122–127 (2012)CrossRef Chéné, Y., Rousseau, D., Lucidarme, P., Bertheloot, J., Caffier, V., Morel, P., Belin, E., Chapeau-Blondeau, F.: On the use of depth camera for 3D phenotyping of entire plants. Comput. Electron. Agric. 82, 122–127 (2012)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Boureau, T., Caffier, V.: Thermography versus chlorophyll fluorescence imaging for detection and quantification of apple scab. Comput. Electron. Agric. 90, 159–163 (2013)CrossRef Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Boureau, T., Caffier, V.: Thermography versus chlorophyll fluorescence imaging for detection and quantification of apple scab. Comput. Electron. Agric. 90, 159–163 (2013)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Delalieux, S., Auwerkerken, A., Verstraeten, W.W., Somers, B., Valcke, R., Lhermitte, S., Coppin, P.: Hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence imaging to detect scab induced stress in apple leaves. Remote Sens. 1, 858–874 (2009)CrossRef Delalieux, S., Auwerkerken, A., Verstraeten, W.W., Somers, B., Valcke, R., Lhermitte, S., Coppin, P.: Hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence imaging to detect scab induced stress in apple leaves. Remote Sens. 1, 858–874 (2009)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahesh, S., Manickavasagan, A., Jayas, D.S., Paliwal, J., White, N.D.G.: Feasibility of near-infrared hyperspectral imaging to differentiate Canadian wheat classes. Biosyst. Eng. 101, 50–57 (2008)CrossRef Mahesh, S., Manickavasagan, A., Jayas, D.S., Paliwal, J., White, N.D.G.: Feasibility of near-infrared hyperspectral imaging to differentiate Canadian wheat classes. Biosyst. Eng. 101, 50–57 (2008)CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahesh, S., Jayas, D.S., Paliwal, J., White, N.D.G.: Identification of wheat classes at different moisture levels using near-infrared hyperspectral images of bulk samples. Sen. Instrum. Food Qual. Saf. 5, 1–9 (2011)CrossRef Mahesh, S., Jayas, D.S., Paliwal, J., White, N.D.G.: Identification of wheat classes at different moisture levels using near-infrared hyperspectral images of bulk samples. Sen. Instrum. Food Qual. Saf. 5, 1–9 (2011)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Manickavasagan, A., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G., Paliwal, J.: Wheat class identification using thermal imaging. Food Bioprocess Technol. 3, 450–460 (2010)CrossRef Manickavasagan, A., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G., Paliwal, J.: Wheat class identification using thermal imaging. Food Bioprocess Technol. 3, 450–460 (2010)CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Forcella, F., Arnold, R.L.B., Sanchez, R., Ghersa, C.M.: Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Res. 67, 123–139 (2000)CrossRef Forcella, F., Arnold, R.L.B., Sanchez, R., Ghersa, C.M.: Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Res. 67, 123–139 (2000)CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Rojas-Varela, J., Demilly, D., Wagner, M.H., Cathala, M.H., Durr, C.: Thermography as non invasive functional imaging for monitoring seedling growth. Comput. Electron. Agric. 70, 236–240 (2011)CrossRef Belin, E., Rousseau, D., Rojas-Varela, J., Demilly, D., Wagner, M.H., Cathala, M.H., Durr, C.: Thermography as non invasive functional imaging for monitoring seedling growth. Comput. Electron. Agric. 70, 236–240 (2011)CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Benoit, L., Belin, E., Durr, C., Chapeau-Blondeau, F., Demilly, D., Ducournau, S., Rousseau, D.: Computer vision under inactinic light for hypocotyl radicle separation with a generic gravitropism-based criterion. Comput. Electron. Agric. 111, 12–17 (2015)CrossRef Benoit, L., Belin, E., Durr, C., Chapeau-Blondeau, F., Demilly, D., Ducournau, S., Rousseau, D.: Computer vision under inactinic light for hypocotyl radicle separation with a generic gravitropism-based criterion. Comput. Electron. Agric. 111, 12–17 (2015)CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Murakami, Y., Obi, T., Yamaguchi, M., Ohyama, N., Komiya, Y.: Spectral reflectance estimation from multi-band image using color chart. Opt. Commun. 188, 47–54 (2001)CrossRef Murakami, Y., Obi, T., Yamaguchi, M., Ohyama, N., Komiya, Y.: Spectral reflectance estimation from multi-band image using color chart. Opt. Commun. 188, 47–54 (2001)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Hernández-Andrés, J., Nieves, J.I., Valero, E.M., Romero, J.: Spectral-daylight recovery by use of only a few sensors. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 21, 13–23 (2004)CrossRef Hernández-Andrés, J., Nieves, J.I., Valero, E.M., Romero, J.: Spectral-daylight recovery by use of only a few sensors. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 21, 13–23 (2004)CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheung, V., Westland, S., Li, C., Hardeberg, J., Connah, D.: Characterization of trichromatic color cameras by using a new multispectral imaging technique. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22, 1231–1240 (2005)CrossRef Cheung, V., Westland, S., Li, C., Hardeberg, J., Connah, D.: Characterization of trichromatic color cameras by using a new multispectral imaging technique. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22, 1231–1240 (2005)CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Otsu, N.: A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. Automatica 11, 23–27 (1975) Otsu, N.: A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. Automatica 11, 23–27 (1975)
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Piron, A., Leemans, V., Kleynen, O., Lebeau, F., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for discriminating weeds from crop. Comput. Electron. Agric. 2, 141–148 (2008)CrossRef Piron, A., Leemans, V., Kleynen, O., Lebeau, F., Destain, M.-F.: Selection of the most efficient wavelength bands for discriminating weeds from crop. Comput. Electron. Agric. 2, 141–148 (2008)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
On the value of the Kullback–Leibler divergence for cost-effective spectral imaging of plants by optimal selection of wavebands
verfasst von
Landry Benoit
Romain Benoit
Étienne Belin
Rodolphe Vadaine
Didier Demilly
François Chapeau-Blondeau
David Rousseau
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Machine Vision and Applications / Ausgabe 5/2016
Print ISSN: 0932-8092
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1769
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-015-0717-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2016

Machine Vision and Applications 5/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Premium Partner