Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Biodiversity and Conservation
Erschienen in: Biodiversity and Conservation 13/2012

01.12.2012 | Original Paper

Integrating approaches leads to more effective conservation of biodiversity

verfasst von: Gene E. Likens, David B. Lindenmayer

Erschienen in: Biodiversity and Conservation | Ausgabe 13/2012

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Recent debates have discussed whether a species-approach or an ecosystem-approach is better for protecting biodiversity. Rather than perpetuate this debate, we argue that critical new scientific and conservation insights arise from combining and integrating approaches along a continuum. We present a suite of case studies and other examples, which highlight the value and synergies derived from an integrated approach for developing management-relevant understanding aimed at protecting biodiversity. Attempts to conserve biodiversity should therefore be multi-faceted in approach and thinking. They also should be long-term as well as driven by well-developed questions focused on closing key knowledge gaps.
Vorheriger Artikel Has implementation of the precautionary principle failed to prevent biodiversity loss at the national level?
Nächster Artikel Earthworm diversity at Nilgiri biosphere reserve, Western Ghats, India

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Literatur
Andrewartha HG, Birch LC (1984) The ecological web. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
Beechie T, Pess G, Roni P, Giannico G (2008) Setting river restoration priorities: a review of approaches and a general protocol for identifying and prioritizing actions. N Am J Fish Manag 28:891–905CrossRef
Bunnell F (1998) Evading paralysis by complexity when establishing operational goals for biodiversity. J Sustain For 7:145–164CrossRef
Burton TM, Likens GE (1975) Energy flow and nutrient cycling in salamander populations in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Ecology 56:1068–1080CrossRef
Caughley GC, Gunn A (1996) Conservation biology in theory and practice. Blackwell Science, Cambridge
Clucas B, McHugh K, Caro T (2008) Flagship species on covers of US conservation and nature magazines. Biodivers Conserv 17:1517–1528CrossRef
CSIRO (2006) Science investment process. Investment decisions for 2006/2007. CSIRO, Canberra
Danell K, Bergström R, Duncan P, Pastor J (eds) (2006) Large mammalian herbivores, ecosystem dynamics, and conservation. Cambridge University Press, England
De Jager NR, Pastor J (2009) Declines in moose population density on Isle Royale and accompanying changes in landscape patterns. Landsc Ecol 24:1389–1403CrossRef
Dexter N, Ramsay D, MacGregor C and Lindenmayer DB (2012) Using a fuzzy cognitive map to assess options in ecosystem management. Ecosystems (in press)
Ehrenfeld JG (2000) Defining the limits of restoration: the need for realistic goals. Restor Ecol 8:2–9CrossRef
Elliott GP, Wilson PR, Taylor RH, Beggs JR (2010) Declines in common, widespread native birds in a mature temperate forest. Biol Conserv 143:2119–2126CrossRef
Estes JA, Terborgh J, Brashares JS, Power ME, Berger J, Bond WJ, Carpenter SR, Essington TE, Holt RD, Jackson JBC, Marquis RJ, Oksanen L, Oksanen T, Paine RT, Pikitch EK, Ripple WJ, Sandin SA, Scheffer M, Schoener TW, Shurin JB, Sinclair ARE, Soule ME, Virtanen R, Wardle DA (2011) Trophic downgrading of planet earth. Science 333:301–306PubMedCrossRef
Eviner VT, Likens GE (2008) Effects of pathogens on terrestrial ecosystem function. In: Ostfeld RS, Keesing F, Eviner VT (eds) Infectious disease ecology: effects of ecosystems on disease and of disease on ecosystems. Cary Conference XI, Princeton University Press, Princeton, pp 260–283
Goheen JR, Palmer TM (2010) Defensive plant-ants stabilize megaherbivore-driven landscape change in an African savanna. Curr Biol 20:1768–1772PubMedCrossRef
Harmon JP, Moran NA, Ives AR (2009) Species response to environmental change: impacts of food web interactions and evolution. Science 323:1347–1350PubMedCrossRef
Hobbs RJ, Higgs E, Harris J (2009) Novel ecosystems: implications for conservation and restoration. Trends Ecol Evol 24:599–605PubMedCrossRef
Hobbs RJ, Cole DN, Yung L, Zavaleta ES, Aplet GH, Chapin FS III, Landres PB, Parsons DJ, Stephenson NL, White PS, Graber DM, Higgs ES, Millar CI, Randall JM, Tonnessen KA, Woodley S (2010) Guiding concepts for park and wilderness stewardship in an era of global environmental change. Front Ecol Environ 8:483–490CrossRef
Hocking MD, Reynolds JD (2011) The study of natural impacts of salmon on riparian plant diversity. Science 331:1609–1612PubMedCrossRef
Hunter ML (1993) Natural fire regimes as spatial models for managing boreal forests. Biol Conserv 65:115–120CrossRef
Jones CG, Lawton JH (eds) (1995) Linking species and ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York
Leopold A (1949) A sand county almanac. Oxford University Press, New York
Likens GE (1992) The ecosystem approach: Its use and abuse. Ecology Institute, Oldendorf/Luhe
Likens GE (2010) The role of science in decision making: does evidence-based science drive environmental policy? Front Ecol Environ 8:e1–e9CrossRef
Likens GE, Bormann FH, Johnson NM, Fisher DW, Pierce RS (1970) Effects of forest cutting and herbicide treatment on nutrient budgets in the Hubbard Brook watershed-ecosystem. Ecol Monogr 40:23–47CrossRef
Lindenmayer DB (2009) Forest pattern and ecological process: a synthesis of 25 years of research. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne
Lindenmayer DB, Franklin JF (2002) Conserving forest biodiversity: a comprehensive multiscaled approach. Island Press, Washington DC
Lindenmayer DB, Likens GE (2010) Effective ecological monitoring. CSIRO Publishing and Earthscan, Melbourne
Lindenmayer DB, Likens GE (2011) Direct measurement versus surrogate indicator species for evaluating environmental change and biodiversity loss. Ecosystems 14:47–59CrossRef
Lindenmayer DB, Likens GE, Krebs CJ, Hobbs RJ (2010) Improved probability of detection of ecological “surprises”. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:21957–21962PubMedCrossRef
Lindenmayer DB, Wood JT, McBurney L, MacGregor C, Youngentob K, Banks SC (2011) How to make a common species rare: a case against conservation complacency. Biol Conserv 144:1663–1672CrossRef
Lugo AE (1992) Comparison of tropical tree plantations with secondary forests of similar age. Ecol Monogr 62:2–41CrossRef
Makarewicz JC, Likens GE (1979) Structure and function of the zooplankton community of Mirror Lake, New Hampshire. Ecol Monogr 49:109–127CrossRef
Manning AD, Fischer J, Lindenmayer DB (2006) Scattered trees are keystone structures—implications for conservation. Biol Conserv 132:311–321CrossRef
Marks PL (1974) The role of Pin Cherry (Prunus pensylvanica) in the maintenance of stability in northern hardwood ecosystems. Ecol Monogr 44:73–88CrossRef
Mascaro J, Becklund KK, Hughes RF, Schnitzer SA (2009) Limited native plantation regeneration in novel, exotic-dominated forests on Hawai’i. For Ecol Manag 256:593–606CrossRef
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Ecosystems and human well-being: biodiversity synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington DC
Montague-Drake R, Lindenmayer DB, Cunningham RB, Stein J (2011) A reverse keystone species affects the landscape distribution of woodland avifauna: a case study using the Noisy Miner (Manorina melanocephala) and other Australian birds. Landsc Ecol 26:1383–1394CrossRef
Nicol SC, Possingham HP (2010) Should metapopulation restoration strategies increase patch area or number of patches? Ecol Appl 20:566–581PubMedCrossRef
Pastor J, Naiman RJ, Dewey B, McInnes P (1988) Moose, microbes, and the boreal forest. Bioscience 38:770–777CrossRef
Pastor J, Dewey B, Naiman RJ, McInnes PF, Cohen Y (1993) Moose browsing and soil fertility in the boreal forests of Isle Royale National Park. Ecology 74:467–480CrossRef
Pastor J, Dewey B, Moen R, White M, Mladenoff D, Cohen Y (1998) Spatial patterns in the moose-forest-soil ecosystem on Isle Royale, Michigan, USA. Ecol Appl 8:411–424
Persson I-L, Nilsson MB, Pastor J, Eriksson T, Bergström R, Danell K (2009) Depression of belowground respiration rates at simulated high moose population densities in boreal forests. Ecology 90:2724–2733PubMedCrossRef
Pletscher DH, Bormann FH, Miller RS (1989) Importance of deer compared to other vertebrates in nutrient cycling and energy flow in a northern hardwood ecosystem. Am Midl Nat 121:302–311CrossRef
Ripple WJ, Beschta RL (2003) Wolf reintroduction, predation risk, and cottonwood recovery in Yellowstone National Park. For Ecol Manag 184:299–313CrossRef
Ripple WJ, Beschta RL (2008) Trophic cascades involving cougar, mule deer, and black oaks in Yosemite National Park. Biol Conserv 141:1249–1256CrossRef
Romme WH, Boyce MS, Gresswell R, Merrill EH, Minshall GW, Whitlock C, Turner MG (2011) Twenty years after the 1988 Yellowstone fires: lessons about disturbance and ecosystems. Ecosystems 14:1196–1215CrossRef
Seastedt TR, Hobbs RJ, Suding KN (2008) Management of novel ecosystems: are novel approaches required? Front Ecol Environ 6:547–553CrossRef
Sharam GJ, Sinclair AR, Turkington R (2009) Serengeti birds maintain forests by inhibiting seed predators. Science 325:51PubMedCrossRef
Simberloff DA (1998) Flagships, umbrellas, and keystones: is single-species management passe in the landscape era? Biol Conserv 83:247–257CrossRef
Sturges FW, Holmes RT, Likens GE (1974) The role of birds in nutrient cycling in a northern hardwoods ecosystem. Ecology 55:149–155CrossRef
Terborgh J (1986) Keystone plant resources in the tropical forest. In: Soulé ME (ed) Conservation biology: the science of scarcity and diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland, pp 330–344
Thomas JA, Simcox DJ, Clarke RT (2009) Successful conservation of a threatened Maculinea butterfly. Science 325:80–83PubMedCrossRef
Thompson K (2010) Do we need pandas? The uncomfortable truth about biodiversity. Green Books, New York
Wardle DA, Bardgett RD, Callaway RM, van der Putten WH (2011) Terrestrial ecosystem responses to species gains and losses. Science 332:1273–1277PubMedCrossRef
Watson DM (2001) Mistletoe—a keystone resource in forests and woodlands worldwide. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 32:219–249CrossRef
Watson JE, Evans MC, Carwardine J, Fuller RA, Joseph LN, Segan DB, Taylor MFJ, Fensham RJ, Possingham HP (2010) The capacity of Australia’s protected-area system to represent threatened species. Conserv Biol 25:324–332PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Integrating approaches leads to more effective conservation of biodiversity
verfasst von
Gene E. Likens
David B. Lindenmayer
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Biodiversity and Conservation / Ausgabe 13/2012
Print ISSN: 0960-3115
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-9710
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-012-0364-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 13/2012

Biodiversity and Conservation 13/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Review Paper

Has implementation of the precautionary principle failed to prevent biodiversity loss at the national level?

Original Paper

Dragonfly endemism in the Brazilian Amazon: competing hypotheses for biogeographical patterns

Original Paper

Diversity and composition of arboreal beetle assemblages in tropical pasture afforestations: effects of planting schemes and tree species identity

Original Paper

Anthropogenic effect recorded in the live-dead compositional fidelity of land snail assemblages from San Salvador Island, Bahamas

Original Paper

Earthworm diversity at Nilgiri biosphere reserve, Western Ghats, India

Original Paper

Inclusion of explicit measures of geodiversity improve biodiversity models in a boreal landscape