nach oben

Journal of Business Ethics

Erschienen in:

01.04.2015

Personal Motives, Moral Disengagement, and Unethical Decisions by Entrepreneurs: Cognitive Mechanisms on the “Slippery Slope”

verfasst von: Robert A. Baron, Hao Zhao, Qing Miao

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 1/2015

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Entrepreneurs sometimes make unethical decisions that have devastating effects on their companies, stakeholders, and themselves. We suggest that insights into the origins of such actions can be acquired through attention to personal motives and their impact on moral disengagement—a cognitive process that deactivates moral self-regulation, thus enabling individuals to behave in ways inconsistent with their own values. We hypothesize that entrepreneurs’ motivation for financial gains is positively related to moral disengagement, while their motivation for self-realization is negatively related to this process. Results obtained with a sample of founding entrepreneurs offered support for the first prediction, as well as support for the prediction that moral disengagement is positively related to the tendency to make unethical decisions.

Vorheriger Artikel Heroic Drucker

Nächster Artikel Compassionate Love as a Cornerstone of Servant Leadership: An Integration of Previous Theorizing and Research

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Aldrich, H. (2000). Organizations evolving. Beverly Hills: Sage.

Amiot, C. E., Terry, D. J., Jimmieson, N. L., & Callan, V. J. (2006). A longitudinal investigation of coping processes during a merger: Implications for job satisfaction and organizational identification. Journal of Management, 32(4), 552–574.CrossRef

Amodio, D. M. (2010a). Coordinated roles of motivation and perception in the regulation of intergroup responses: Frontal cortical asymmetry effects on the P2 event-related potential and behavior. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 2609–2617.CrossRef

Amodio, D. M. (2010b). Can neuroscience advance social psychological theory? Social neuroscience for the behavioral social psychologist. Social Cognition, 28(6), 695–716.CrossRef

Amodio, D. M., Devine, P. G., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2007). A dynamic model of guilt: Implications for motivation and self-regulation in the context of prejudice. Psychological Science, 18(6), 524–530.CrossRef

Balcetis, E., & Dunning, D. (2006). See what you want to see: Motivational influences on visual perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 612–625.CrossRef

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(2), 364–374.CrossRef

Beck, L., & Ajzen, I. (1991). Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 25(3), 285–301.CrossRef

Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216.CrossRef

Bruton, G. D., & Prasad, D. (1997). Strategy and IPO market selection: Implications for the entrepreneurial firm. Journal of Small Business Management, 35(4), 1–10.

Cardon, M. S., Wincent, J., Singh, J., & Drnovsek, M. (2009). The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion. Academy of Management Review, 34(3), 511–532.CrossRef

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., & Gatewood, E. J. (2003). The career reasons of nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), 13–39.CrossRef

Cassar, G. (2007). Money, money, money? A longitudinal investigation of entrepreneur career reasons, growth preferences and achieved growth. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19, 89–107.CrossRef

Claybourn, M. (2011). Relationships between moral disengagement, work characteristics and workplace harassment. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(2), 283–301.CrossRef

Cycyota, C. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2006). What (not) to expect when surveying executives: A meta-analysis of top manager response rates and techniques over time. Organizational Research Methods, 9(2), 133–160.CrossRef

Darlington, R. B., & Macker, C. E. (1966). Displacement of guilt-produced altruistic behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4(4), 442–443.CrossRef

de Hooge, I. E., Nelissen, R. M. A., Breugelmans, S. M., & Zeelenberg, M. (2011). What is moral about guilt? Acting “prosocially” at the disadvantage of others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 462–473.CrossRef

Dempster, A. P., Laird, N. M., & Rubin, D. B. (1977). Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the em algorithm. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 39(1), 1–38.

Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: A study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 374–391.CrossRef

Diener, E., Ng, W., Harter, J., & Arora, R. (2010). Wealth and happiness across the world: Material prosperity predicts life evaluation, whereas psychosocial prosperity predicts positive feeling. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(1), 52–61.CrossRef

Duffy, M. K., Aquino, K., Tepper, B. J., Reed, A., & O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2005). Moral disengagement and social identification: When does being similar result in harm doing? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Honolulu, HI.

Eisenberg, N., Smith, C. L., & Spinard, T. L. (2010). Effortful control: Relations with emotion regulation, adjustment, and socialization in childhood. In K. D. Vohs & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of self regulation (2nd ed., pp. 263–283). New York: Guilford.

Emerson, R. W. (1860). The conduct of life. Boston: Ticknor and Fields.

Enderle, G. (2010). Wealth creation in China and some lessons for development ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 96(1), 1–15.CrossRef

Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J., & Ferrell, L. (2002). Business ethics. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Frederic, H. (1899). The market-place. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company.

Fritzsche, D. J., & Becker, H. (1982). Business ethics of future marketing managers. Journal of Marketing Education, 4(3), 2–7.CrossRef

Grant, A., & Schwartz, B. (2011). Too much of a good thing: The challenge and opportunity of the inverted U. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 61–76.CrossRef

Hannafey, F. T. (2003). Entrepreneurship and ethics: A literature review. Journal of Business Ethics, 46(2), 99–110.CrossRef

Holt, D. H. (1997). A comparative study of values among Chinese and U.S. Entrepreneurs: Pragmatic convergence between contrasting cultures. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(6), 483–505.CrossRef

Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 1–31.CrossRef

Lepoutre, J., & Heene, A. (2006). Investigating the impact of firm size on small business social responsibility: A critical review. Journal of Business Ethics, 67(3), 257–273.CrossRef

Locke, E. A., & Baum, J. R. (2007). Entrepreneurial motivation. In J. R. Baum, M. Frese, & R. A. Baron (Eds.), The psychology of entrepreneurship (pp. 93–112). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Longenecker, J. G., Moore, C. W., Petty, J. W., Palich, L. E., & McKinney, J. A. (2006). Ethical attitudes in small businesses and large corporations: Theory and empirical findings from a tracking study spanning three decades. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(2), 167–183.CrossRef

Miller, D., & Friesen, P. H. (1983). Strategy-making and environment: The third link. Strategic Management Journal, 4(3), 221–235.CrossRef

Moore, C. (2008). Moral disengagement in processes of organizational corruption. Journal of Business Ethics, 80(1), 129–139.CrossRef

Moore, C., Detert, J. R., Trevino, L. K., Baker, V. L., & Mayer, D. M. (2012). Why employees do bad things: Moral disengagement and unethical organizational behavior. Personnel Psychology, 65(1), 1–48.CrossRef

Naffziger, D. W., Hornsby, J. S., & Kuratko, D. F. (1994). A proposed research model of entrepreneurial motivation. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 18(3), 29–42.

Norris, D. G., & Gifford, J. B. (1988). Retail store managers’ and students’ perceptions of ethical retail practices: A comparative and longitudinal analysis (1976–1986). Journal of Business Ethics, 7(7), 515–524.CrossRef

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Pizzagalli, D. A., Sherwood, R. J., Henriques, J. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2005). Frontal brain asymmetry and reward responsiveness. Psychological Science, 16(10), 805–813.CrossRef

Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Lee, J. -Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.CrossRef

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891.CrossRef

Ricketts, M. (2006). Theories of entrepreneurship: Historical development and critical assessment. In M. Casson, B. Yeung, A. Basu, & N. Wadeson (Eds.), The oxford handbook of entrepreneurship (pp. 33–58). New York: Oxford University Press.

Rindova, V., Barry, D., Ketchen, J., & David, J. (2009). Entrepreneuring as emancipation. Academy of Management Review, 34(3), 477–491.CrossRef

Samnani, A. -K., Salamon, S., & Singh, P. (2013). Negative affect and counterproductive workplace behavior: The moderating role of moral disengagement and gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 2013, 1–10.

Scheinberg, S., & McMillan, I. C. (1988). An 11-country study of motivations to start a business. In B. A. Kirchoff, W. A. Long, W. E. McMullan, K. H. Vesper, & W. E. Wetzel (Eds.), Frontiers of entrepreneurship research (pp. 669–687). Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Schutter, D. J. L. G., De Haan, E. H. F., & Van Honk, J. (2004). Anterior asymmetrical alpha activity predicts Iowa gambling performance: Distinctly but reversed. Neuropsychologia, 42(7), 939–943.CrossRef

Shane, S., Locke, E. A., & Collins, C. J. (2003). Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource Management Review, 13(2), 257–279.CrossRef

Shepherd, D. A., Patzelt, G., & Baron, R. A. (2012). I care about nature but…: Disengaging sustainable development values to exploit opportunities that harm the natural environment. Academy of Management Journal,. doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0776.

Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhardt (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290–312). Washington, DC: American Sociological Association.

Tang, Z., & Tang, J. (2012). Stakeholder-firm power difference, stakeholders’ CSR orientation, and SMEs’ environmental performance in China. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(4), 436–455.CrossRef

Tenbrunsel, A. E., & Messick, D. M. (2004). Ethical fading: The role of self-deception in unethical behaviour. Social Justice Research, 17, 223–236.CrossRef

Van Yperen, N. W., Hamstra, M. R. W., & van der Klauw, M. (2011). To win, or not to lose, at any cost: The impact of achievement goals on cheating. British Journal of Management, 22, S5–S15.CrossRef

Verbeke, W., Ouwerkerk, C., & Peelen, E. (1996). Exploring the contextual and individual factors on ethical decision making of salespeople. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(11), 1175–1187.CrossRef

Vohs, K. D. & Baumeister, R. F. (2010, Eds.). Handbook of self-regulation (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.

Wasserman, N. (2008). The founder’s dilemma. Harvard Business Review, 86(2), 102–109.

Weaver, G. R., Treviño, L. K., & Cochran, P. L. (1999). Corporate ethics practices in the mid-1990’s: An empirical study of the fortune 1000. Journal of Business Ethics, 18(3), 283–294.CrossRef

Wickens, C. D. (1980). The structure of attention resources. In R. S. Nickerson (Ed.), Attention and performance (Vol. VIII, pp. 239–258). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G, Jr, & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206.CrossRef

Titel: Personal Motives, Moral Disengagement, and Unethical Decisions by Entrepreneurs: Cognitive Mechanisms on the “Slippery Slope”
verfasst von: Robert A. Baron
Hao Zhao
Qing Miao
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2015
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2078-y

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2015

Why Does Board Gender Diversity Matter and How Do We Get There? The Role of Shareholder Activism in Deinstitutionalizing Old Boys’ Networks

Linking Employee Stakeholders to Environmental Performance: The Role of Proactive Environmental Strategies and Shared Vision

Effects of Business Greening and Green IT Capital on Business Competitiveness

The Evolution of Vocabularies and Its Relation to Investigation of White-Collar Crimes: An Institutional Work Perspective

Oil and Water Do Not Mix, or: Aliud Est Credere, Aliud Deponere

Heroic Drucker

Premium Partner