nach oben

Journal of Happiness Studies

Erschienen in:

01.11.2017 | Research Paper

Positioning Implicit Theories of Well-Being Within a Positivity Framework

verfasst von: Holli-Anne Passmore, Andrew J. Howell, Mark D. Holder

Erschienen in: Journal of Happiness Studies | Ausgabe 8/2018

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Two studies with 230 and 363 Canadian undergraduate students tested the relationship between incremental theories of well-being (i.e., beliefs regarding the malleability of well-being) and a positive mental outlook. In Study 1, incremental theories of well-being were associated with Prioritizing Positivity (purposely incorporating pleasant activities into one’s daily routine) and showed a positive relationship with several other indicators of positive mental functioning (e.g., intrinsic motivation, eudaimonic motivation). In Study 2, incremental theories of well-being were associated with Positivity (viewing life and experiences with a positive outlook) and were positively correlated with additional indicators of positive mental functioning (e.g., harmony in life, self-compassion). In both studies, the relationship between incremental theories of well-being and both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being held true across different measures. A synthesis of major results using a Bayesian meta-analytic procedure suggested a moderate association between an incremental well-being mindset and well-being. Results of these studies help to situate incremental views toward well-being within a broad positivity framework, and to expand the nomological web of correlates of implicit theories of well-being.

Vorheriger Artikel Examining Psychosocial Pathways Underlying Gratitude Interventions: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nächster Artikel Lifespan Differences in a Self Determination Theory Model of Eudaimonia: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Younger, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

The phrase “incremental theory” is employed throughout this article to indicate an implicit theory that is more strongly incremental-like than entity-like. Likewise, the phrase “entity theory” is employed throughout this article to indicate an implicit theory that is more strongly entity-like than incremental-like.

When used as nouns or referring to the general constructs, the terms Positivity and Prioritizing Positivity have been capitalized throughout this manuscript in order to more clearly delineate between these two constructs.

Alessandri, G., Caprara, G. V., & De Pascalis, V. (2015). Relations among EEG-alpha asymmetry and positivity personality trait. Brain and Cognition, 97, 10–21.CrossRef

Blackwell, L. S., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Dweck, C. S. (2007). Implicit theories of intelligence predict achievement across an adolescent transition: A longitudinal study and an intervention. Child Development, 78, 246–263.CrossRef

Bojanowska, A., & Zalewska, A. M. (2016). Lay understandings of happiness and the experience of well-being: Are some conceptions of happiness more beneficial than others? Journal of Happiness Studies, 17, 793–815.CrossRef

Burnette, J. L., O’Boyle, E. H., VanEpps, E. M., Pollack, J. M., & Finkel, E. J. (2013). Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 655–701.CrossRef

Burnette, J. L., Pollack, J. M., & Hoyt, C. L. (2010). Individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and expectations: Predicting responses to stereotype threat. Journal of Leadership Studies, 3, 46–56.CrossRef

Caprara, G. V., Alessandri, G., Eisenberg, N., Kupfer, A., Steca, P., Caprara, M. G., et al. (2012). The positivity scale. Psychological Assessment, 24, 701–712.CrossRef

Caprara, G. V., Eisenberg, N., & Alessandri, G. (2017). Positivity: The dispositional basis of happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18, 353–371.CrossRef

Caprara, G. V., Fagnani, C., Alessandri, G., Steca, P., Gigantesco, A., Sforza, L. L. C., et al. (2009). Human optimal functioning: The genetics of positive orientation towards self, life, and the future. Behavioral Genetics, 39, 277–284.CrossRef

Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Moitra, E., & Farrow, V. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15, 204–223.CrossRef

Catalino, L. I., Algoe, S. B., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2014). Prioritizing positivity: An effective approach to pursuing happiness? Emotion, 14, 1155–1161.CrossRef

Cobb, R. A., DeWall, C. N., Lambert, N. M., & Fincham, F. D. (2013). Implicit theories of relationships and close relationship violence: Does believing your relationship can grow relate to lower perpetration of violence? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 279–290.CrossRef

Cury, F., Elliot, A. J., Da Foncesca, D., & Moller, A. C. (2006). The social-cognitive model of achievement motivation and the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 666–679.CrossRef

Datu, J. A. D., & King, R. B. (2016). Prioritizing positivity optimizes positive emotions and life satisfaction: A three-wave longitudinal study. Personality and Individual Differences, 96, 111–114.CrossRef

Diener, E., Saptya, J. J., & Suh, E. M. (1998). Subjective well-being is essential to well-being. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 33–37.CrossRef

Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-W., Oishi, S., et al. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143–156.CrossRef

Dweck, C. S. (1999). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Pennsylvania: Psychology Press.

Dweck, C. S. (2011). Self-theories. In P. Van Lange, A. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories in social psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Dweck, C. S. (2012). Mindset: How you can fulfil your potential. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.

Dweck, C. S., & Bempechat, J. (1983). Children’s theories of intelligence. In S. Paris, G. Olsen, & H. Stevenson (Eds.), Learning and motivation in the classroom (pp. 239–256). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Dweck, C. S., Chiu, C.-Y., & Hong, Y.-Y. (1995). Implicit theories and their role in judgments and reactions: A world from two perspectives. Psychological Inquiry, 6, 267–285.CrossRef

Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95, 256–273.CrossRef

Dweck, C. S., & Master, A. (2009). Self-theories and motivation: Students’ beliefs about intelligence. In K. Wentzel & A. Wigfield (Eds.), Handbook of motivation at school (pp. 171–195). New York, NY: Taylor Francis.

Dweck, C. S., & Molden, D. C. (2005). Self-theories: Their impact on competence motivation and acquisition. In A. Elliot & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), The handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 122–140). New York, NY: Guilford.

Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Handbook of emotion regulation. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Hong, Y. Y., Chiu, C., Dweck, C. S., Lin, D., & Wan, W. (1999). Implicit theories, attributions, and coping: A meaning system approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 588–599.CrossRef

Howell, A. J. (2016). Implicit theories of personal and social attributes: Fundamental mindsets for a science of wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6, 113–130.CrossRef

Howell, A. J., Passmore, H.-A., & Holder, M. D. (2016). Implicit theories of well-being predict well-being and the endorsement of therapeutic lifestyle changes. Journal of Happiness Studies, 6, 2347–2363.CrossRef

Huta, V. (2015). The complementary roles of eudaimonia and hedonia and how they can be purused in practice. In S. Joseph (Ed.), Positive psychology in practice: Promoting human flourishing in work, health, education, and everyday life (2nd ed., pp. 159–182). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.CrossRef

Huta, V., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). Pursuing pleasure or virtue: The differential and overlapping well-being benefits of hedonic and eudaimonic motives. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11, 735–762.CrossRef

Ji, L. (2008). The leopard cannot change his spots, or can he? Culture and the development of lay theories of change. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 613–622.CrossRef

Joshanloo, M., Weijers, D., Jiang, D.-Y., Han, G., Bae, J., Pang, J. S., et al. (2015). Fragility of happiness beliefs across 15 national groups. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16, 1185–1210.CrossRef

Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1993). A dark side of the American dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 410–422.CrossRef

Kjell, O. N. E., Daukantaite, D., Hefferon, K., & Sikström, S. (2016). The Harmony in Life Scale complements the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Expanding the conceptualization of the cognitive component of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 126, 893–919.CrossRef

Lamers, S. M. A., Westerhof, G. J., Bohlmeijer, E. T., ten Kloooster, P. M., & Keyes, C. L. M. (2011). Evaluating the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67, 99–110.CrossRef

Lockhart, K. L., Nakashima, N., Inagaki, K., & Keil, F. C. (2008). From ugly duckling to swan? Japanese and American beliefs about the stability and origins of traits. Cognitive Development, 23, 155–179.CrossRef

Lu, L., & Gilmour, R. (2004). Culture and conceptions of happiness: Individual oriented and social oriented SWB. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5, 269–291.CrossRef

Luhmann, M., Necka, E. A., Schönbrodt, F. D., & Hawkley, L. C. (2016). Is valuing happiness associated with lower well-being? A factor-level analysis using the Valuing Happiness Scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 60, 46–50.CrossRef

Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The how of happiness. London: Penguin Books.

Mat Roni, S. (2014). Introduction to SPSS. Joondalup, AU: Edith Cowan Univeristy, SOAR Centre.

Mauss, I. B., Tamir, M., Anderson, C. L., & Savino, N. S. (2011). Can seeking happiness make people unhappy? Paradoxical effects of valuing happiness. Emotion, 11, 807–815.CrossRef

Menard, S. (1995). Applied logistic regression analysis. Sage university paper series on quantitative applications in the social sciences, 07-106. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Myers, R. (1990). Classical and modern regression with applications (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Duxbury.

Peterson, C., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 6, 25–41.CrossRef

Raes, F., Pommier, E., Neff, K. D., & Van Gucht, D. (2011). Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 18, 250–255.CrossRef

Ryan, R. M., Huta, V., & Deci, E. L. (2008). Living well: A self-determination theory perspective on eudaimonia. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 139–170.CrossRef

Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 13–39.CrossRef

Schleider, J. L., & Weisz, J. R. (2016). Implicit theories relate to youth psychopathology, but how? A longitudinal test of two predictive models. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 47, 603–617.CrossRef

Sevincer, A. T., Kluge, L., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Implicit theories and motivational focus: Desired future versus present reality. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 36–46.CrossRef

Sheldon, K. M., & Deci, E. (1993). The self-determination scale. Unpublished manuscript, University of Rochester, Rochester. NY.

Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1999). Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The Self-Concordant Model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 482–497.CrossRef

Sobol-Kwapinska, M. (2016). Positive orientation: Exploring the factors that constitute the bright side of personality. Social behavior and Personality, 44, 1613–1618.CrossRef

Van Tongeren, D. R., & Burnette, J. L. (2016). Do you believe happiness can change? An investigation of the relationship between happiness mindsets, well-being, and satisfaction. The Journal of Postive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1257050.CrossRef

Wallston, K. A., Wallston, B. S., & DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) scales. Health Education Monographs, 6, 160–170.CrossRef

Waterman, A. S. (1990). Personal expressiveness: Philosophical and psychological foundations. Journal of Mind and Behavior, 11, 47–74.

Waterman, A. S. (2004). Finding someone to be: Studies on the role of intrinsic motivation in identity formation. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 4, 209–228.CrossRef

Zhang, Z. (2014). WebBUGS: Conducting Bayesian statistical analysis online. Journal of Statistical Software, 61, 1–30.CrossRef

Titel: Positioning Implicit Theories of Well-Being Within a Positivity Framework
verfasst von: Holli-Anne Passmore
Andrew J. Howell
Mark D. Holder
Publikationsdatum: 01.11.2017
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Journal of Happiness Studies / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 1389-4978
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7780
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9934-2

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2018

Lifespan Differences in a Self Determination Theory Model of Eudaimonia: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Younger, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults

Satisfaction with Family Life in South Africa: The Role of Socioeconomic Status

The Value of Heterogeneous Pleasures

Mindfulness Based Flourishing Program: A Cross-Cultural Study of Hong Kong Chinese and British Participants

Ignoring Easterlin: Why Easterlin’s Correlation Findings Need Not Matter to Public Policy

Europe 2020 Strategy and Citizens’ Life Satisfaction