Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Wireless Personal Communications 4/2017

12.08.2017

Effect of Clock Skew in Event Driven, Delay Constrained Heterogeneous WSN with Anycast

verfasst von: Debanjan Sadhukhan, Seela Veerabhadreswara Rao

Erschienen in: Wireless Personal Communications | Ausgabe 4/2017

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In time critical event driven data gathering, anycasting technique is considered as one of the best methods that minimizes delay and maximizes lifetime. Moreover, asynchronous sleep/wake scheduling techniques like anycasting, is energy efficient compared to synchronous sleep/wake scheduling in rare event detection. However, asynchronous techniques incur additional delay during the event reporting as a result of the clock skew which may violate the delay constraint for a large number of packets. In this paper, we find the critical wake-up rate to constrain the increase in end-to-end delay, as a result of clock-skew, within given delay constraint \(\xi\), by estimating the expected increase in end-to-end delay using a stochastic approach. We verify our mathematical analysis using Monte-carlo simulation. Further simulation results in network simulator 2.34 (ns2) confirm the effectiveness of our approach.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Biswas, S., & Morris, R. (2005). ExOR: Opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 133–144). ACM. Biswas, S., & Morris, R. (2005). ExOR: Opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 133–144). ACM.
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Buettner, M., Yee, G. V., Anderson, E., & Han, R. (2006). X-MAC: A short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 4th international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 307–320). ACM. Buettner, M., Yee, G. V., Anderson, E., & Han, R. (2006). X-MAC: A short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 4th international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 307–320). ACM.
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Elson, J., Girod, L., & Estrin, D. (2002). Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 36(SI), 147–163.CrossRef Elson, J., Girod, L., & Estrin, D. (2002). Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 36(SI), 147–163.CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Ganeriwal, S., Kumar, R., & Srivastava, M. B. (2003). Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 138–149). ACM. Ganeriwal, S., Kumar, R., & Srivastava, M. B. (2003). Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 138–149). ACM.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Ganeriwal, S., Ganesan, D., Shim, H., Tsiatsis, V., & Srivastava, M. B. (2005). Estimating clock uncertainty for efficient duty-cycling in sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 130–141). ACM. Ganeriwal, S., Ganesan, D., Shim, H., Tsiatsis, V., & Srivastava, M. B. (2005). Estimating clock uncertainty for efficient duty-cycling in sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 130–141). ACM.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Hu, W., Bulusu, N., & Jha, S. (2005). A communication paradigm for hybrid sensor/actuator networks*. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, 12(1), 47–59.CrossRef Hu, W., Bulusu, N., & Jha, S. (2005). A communication paradigm for hybrid sensor/actuator networks*. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, 12(1), 47–59.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim, J., Lin, X., Shroff, N. B., & Sinha, P. (2010). Minimizing delay and maximizing lifetime for wireless sensor networks with anycast. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 18(2), 515–528.CrossRef Kim, J., Lin, X., Shroff, N. B., & Sinha, P. (2010). Minimizing delay and maximizing lifetime for wireless sensor networks with anycast. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 18(2), 515–528.CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim, J., Lin, X., & Shroff, N. B. (2011). Optimal anycast technique for delay-sensitive energy-constrained asynchronous sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 19(2), 484–497.CrossRef Kim, J., Lin, X., & Shroff, N. B. (2011). Optimal anycast technique for delay-sensitive energy-constrained asynchronous sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 19(2), 484–497.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Lasassmeh, S. M., & Conrad, J. M. (2010). Time synchronization in wireless sensor networks: A survey. In Proceedings of the IEEE SoutheastCon 2010 (SoutheastCon) (pp. 242–245). IEEE. Lasassmeh, S. M., & Conrad, J. M. (2010). Time synchronization in wireless sensor networks: A survey. In Proceedings of the IEEE SoutheastCon 2010 (SoutheastCon) (pp. 242–245). IEEE.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, S., Fan, K. W., & Sinha, P. (2009). CMAC: An energy-efficient MAC layer protocol using convergent packet forwarding for wireless sensor networks. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 5(4), 29.CrossRef Liu, S., Fan, K. W., & Sinha, P. (2009). CMAC: An energy-efficient MAC layer protocol using convergent packet forwarding for wireless sensor networks. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 5(4), 29.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu, G., Krishnamachari, B., & Raghavendra, C. S. (2004). An adaptive energy-efficient and low-latency MAC for data gathering in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of 18th international parallel and distributed processing symposium (p. 224). IEEE. Lu, G., Krishnamachari, B., & Raghavendra, C. S. (2004). An adaptive energy-efficient and low-latency MAC for data gathering in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of 18th international parallel and distributed processing symposium (p. 224). IEEE.
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma, J., Lou, W., Wu, Y., Li, X. Y., & Chen, G. (2009). Energy efficient TDMA sleep scheduling in wireless sensor networks. In INFOCOM 2009, IEEE (pp. 630–638). IEEE. Ma, J., Lou, W., Wu, Y., Li, X. Y., & Chen, G. (2009). Energy efficient TDMA sleep scheduling in wireless sensor networks. In INFOCOM 2009, IEEE (pp. 630–638). IEEE.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Marti, M., Kusy, B., Simon, G., & Ldeczi, A. (2004). The flooding time synchronization protocol. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 39–49). ACM. Marti, M., Kusy, B., Simon, G., & Ldeczi, A. (2004). The flooding time synchronization protocol. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 39–49). ACM.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Mills, D. L. (1991). Internet time synchronization: The network time protocol. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 39(10), 1482–1493.CrossRef Mills, D. L. (1991). Internet time synchronization: The network time protocol. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 39(10), 1482–1493.CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Mitton, N., Simplot-Ryl, D., & Stojmenovic, I. (2009). Guaranteed delivery for geographical anycasting in wireless multi-sink sensor and sensor-actor networks. In INFOCOM 2009, IEEE. Mitton, N., Simplot-Ryl, D., & Stojmenovic, I. (2009). Guaranteed delivery for geographical anycasting in wireless multi-sink sensor and sensor-actor networks. In INFOCOM 2009, IEEE.
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Polastre, J., Hill, J., & Culler, D. (2004). Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 95–107). ACM. Polastre, J., Hill, J., & Culler, D. (2004). Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 95–107). ACM.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Rossi, M., & Zorzi, M. (2007). Integrated cost-based MAC and routing techniques for hop count forwarding in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 6(4), 434–448.CrossRef Rossi, M., & Zorzi, M. (2007). Integrated cost-based MAC and routing techniques for hop count forwarding in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 6(4), 434–448.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Rossi, M., Zorzi, M., & Rao, R. R. (2008). Statistically assisted routing algorithms (SARA) for hop count based forwarding in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 14(1), 55–70.CrossRef Rossi, M., Zorzi, M., & Rao, R. R. (2008). Statistically assisted routing algorithms (SARA) for hop count based forwarding in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 14(1), 55–70.CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Schurgers, C., Tsiatsis, V., & Srivastava, M. B. (2002). STEM: Topology management for energy efficient sensor networks. In Aerospace conference proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 3–1099). IEEE. Schurgers, C., Tsiatsis, V., & Srivastava, M. B. (2002). STEM: Topology management for energy efficient sensor networks. In Aerospace conference proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 3–1099). IEEE.
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Sichitiu, M. L., & Veerarittiphan, C. (2003). Simple, accurate time synchronization for wireless sensor networks. In Wireless communications and networking, WCNC 2003 (Vol. 2, pp. 1266–1273). IEEE. Sichitiu, M. L., & Veerarittiphan, C. (2003). Simple, accurate time synchronization for wireless sensor networks. In Wireless communications and networking, WCNC 2003 (Vol. 2, pp. 1266–1273). IEEE.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Sundararaman, B., Buy, U., & Kshemkalyani, A. D. (2005). Clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks: A survey. Ad Hoc Networks, 3(3), 281–323.CrossRef Sundararaman, B., Buy, U., & Kshemkalyani, A. D. (2005). Clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks: A survey. Ad Hoc Networks, 3(3), 281–323.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Tseng, Y. C., Hsu, C. S., & Hsieh, T. Y. (2003). Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks. Computer Networks, 43(3), 317–337.CrossRefMATH Tseng, Y. C., Hsu, C. S., & Hsieh, T. Y. (2003). Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks. Computer Networks, 43(3), 317–337.CrossRefMATH
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Dam, T., & Langendoen, K. (2003). An adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 171–180). ACM. Van Dam, T., & Langendoen, K. (2003). An adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (pp. 171–180). ACM.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Greunen, J., & Rabaey, J. (2003). Lightweight time synchronization for sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications (pp. 11–19). ACM. Van Greunen, J., & Rabaey, J. (2003). Lightweight time synchronization for sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications (pp. 11–19). ACM.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu, Y., Fahmy, S., & Shroff, N. B. (2009). Optimal sleep/wake scheduling for time-synchronized sensor networks with QoS guarantees. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 17(5), 1508–1521.CrossRef Wu, Y., Fahmy, S., & Shroff, N. B. (2009). Optimal sleep/wake scheduling for time-synchronized sensor networks with QoS guarantees. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 17(5), 1508–1521.CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Ye, W., Heidemann, J., & Estrin, D. (2004). Medium access control with coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 12(3), 493–506.CrossRef Ye, W., Heidemann, J., & Estrin, D. (2004). Medium access control with coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 12(3), 493–506.CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Zorzi, M., & Rao, R. R. (2003). Geographic random forwarding (GeRaF) for ad hoc and sensor networks: Energy and latency performance. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2(4), 349–365.CrossRef Zorzi, M., & Rao, R. R. (2003). Geographic random forwarding (GeRaF) for ad hoc and sensor networks: Energy and latency performance. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2(4), 349–365.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Effect of Clock Skew in Event Driven, Delay Constrained Heterogeneous WSN with Anycast
verfasst von
Debanjan Sadhukhan
Seela Veerabhadreswara Rao
Publikationsdatum
12.08.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Wireless Personal Communications / Ausgabe 4/2017
Print ISSN: 0929-6212
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-834X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4760-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2017

Wireless Personal Communications 4/2017 Zur Ausgabe

Neuer Inhalt