Theoretical verification of the displacement adjustment and springforward algorithms for springback compensation

Now that Finite Element springback prediction has become possible, springback compensation can also be carried out in the context of a forming simulation, before actual production tools are made. The Displacement Adjustment (DA) and Springforward (SF) methods were applied to an analytical bar stretch-bending model, in order to gain insight about the influence of material, process and geometrical parameters on springback and compensation. The DA method was investigated in both a one-step and iterative variant. In one-step DA, a compensation factor is required. This factor can be directly calculated for the analytical model. The results can be used as a guideline for industrial processes, where such a calculation is not possible. Finally, it was shown that iterative DA leads to better tool shapes than SF, and that practical and computational problems make the use of SF impossible in an industrial context.