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2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

10. Local Air Pollution

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Abstract

This chapter summarizes the estimated local (urban) air pollution emissions for each of the alternative vehicles analyzed in this book. At the end of the twenty-first century in the USA, local air emissions were the main motivation for developing cleaner, alternative vehicles to reduce smog in major cities, driven primarily by the smog in Los Angeles. Urban air pollution is still a major issue in many urban cities around the world, although climate change and reliance on imported oil from unstable regions of the world are now the main drivers for developed nations to develop and deploy alternative fuels and vehicles.

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Fußnoten
1
The urban air emissions exclude upstream emissions in fuel production that are outside the local urban airshed and would therefore not contribute to the formation of urban smog.
 
2
Diesel HEVs urban air costs would be 2.7 times larger than FCEV costs, and natural gas HEV air costs are 4.1 times larger than FCEV urban air costs.
 
3
SOx costs account for 69 % of the total BEV urban air societal costs.
 
Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Delucchi, “Environmental Externalities of Motor-Vehicle Use in the U.S.”, Journal of Transport Economic and Policy, ISSN 0022 5258, Vol. 34, Part 2, May 2000, pp. 135-168. M. Delucchi, “Environmental Externalities of Motor-Vehicle Use in the U.S.”, Journal of Transport Economic and Policy, ISSN 0022 5258, Vol. 34, Part 2, May 2000, pp. 135-168.
3.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Thomas, “Transportation Options in a Carbon-constrained world: Hybrids, Plug-in hybrids, Biofuels, Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles, and Battery Electric Vehicles,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 34 (2009) pp 9279-9296. C. Thomas, “Transportation Options in a Carbon-constrained world: Hybrids, Plug-in hybrids, Biofuels, Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles, and Battery Electric Vehicles,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 34 (2009) pp 9279-9296.
Metadaten
Titel
Local Air Pollution
verfasst von
C. E. (Sandy) Thomas
Copyright-Jahr
2015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16832-6_10

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