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Erschienen in:
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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Membrane Preparation

verfasst von : Kailash Chandra Khulbe, Takeshi Matsuura

Erschienen in: Nanotechnology in Membrane Processes

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter describes the materials used for the preparation of synthetic membranes, including also their preparation methods. Synthetic membranes are either ceramic or polymeric. The membranes can be prepared in various shapes such as flat sheet, tubular, hollow fiber, and spiral wound, each with its own special features. Many novel functional nanomaterials are being explored to enhance the performance of membranes.
The nanoparticles can be synthesised by various methods for both research and commercial uses. These are physical, chemical and mechanical. Nanoparticles can be derived from larger molecules or synthesized by ‘bottom-up’ methods that, for example, nucleate and grow particles from fine molecular distributions in liquid or vapour phase. The synthesis method can also include functionalization by conjugation to bioactive molecules.
Electrospun nanofibers have emerged as important fibrous materials for reinforcing or modifying polymer matrices. Nanofibers have gained much interest for use in various biomedical applications over the past few decades due to their unique functional properties such as large surface area and high aspect ratio, which play a vital role in cellular and molecular activities, and their structural similarity to native cellular micro environment. Nowadays nanofibers are being used in industrial scale for the treatment of air and water. Different techniques for the manufacturing nanofibers are presented in this chapter but electrospinning has been shown to be the most effective method.
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have received tremendous attention in the field of novel membrane science and technology. Application of CNMs could improve the membrane separation process. As well, TiO2 nanoparticles are popular as fillers to the polymeric membranes.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Introduction
Nächstes Kapitel Membrane Characterization
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Metadaten
Titel
Membrane Preparation
verfasst von
Kailash Chandra Khulbe
Takeshi Matsuura
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Buch
Nanotechnology in Membrane Processes

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-64182-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-64183-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_2

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