Skip to main content

2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Metal Oxides

verfasst von : Ghenadii Korotcenkov

Erschienen in: Handbook of Gas Sensor Materials

Verlag: Springer New York

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Metal oxides are the class of materials having the widest application in gas sensors. This chapter presents information related to the application of various metal oxides in gas sensors designed on different principles. In particular, in the present chapter one can find descriptions of solid electrolyte hydrogen and oxygen electrochemical sensors, metal oxide heated chemirestors, p–n homojunction and heterostructure-based sensors, room temperature gas sensors, pyroelectric-based gas sensors, thermoelectric gas sensors, optical gas sensors based on chemochromic materials, etc. Criteria for metal oxides application in these devices are given. A comparative analysis of metal oxides is presented, and advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The chapter includes 37 figures, 22 tables, and 399 references.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Adachi G, Imanaka N (1995) Chemical sensors. In: Gschneidner KA Jr, Eyring L (eds) Handbook on the physics and chemistry of rare earths, vol 21. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 179–262 Adachi G, Imanaka N (1995) Chemical sensors. In: Gschneidner KA Jr, Eyring L (eds) Handbook on the physics and chemistry of rare earths, vol 21. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 179–262
Zurück zum Zitat Afzal A, Cioffi N, Sabbatini L, Torsi L (2012) NOx sensors based on semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures: progress and perspectives. Sens Actuators B 171–172:25–42 Afzal A, Cioffi N, Sabbatini L, Torsi L (2012) NOx sensors based on semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures: progress and perspectives. Sens Actuators B 171–172:25–42
Zurück zum Zitat Ahlers S, Muller G, Doll T (2005) A rate equation approach to the gas sensitivity of thin film metal oxide materials. Sens Actuators B 107:587–599 Ahlers S, Muller G, Doll T (2005) A rate equation approach to the gas sensitivity of thin film metal oxide materials. Sens Actuators B 107:587–599
Zurück zum Zitat Ahlgren EO, Poulsen FW (1995) Thermoelectric power of stabilized zirconia. Solid State Ionics 82:193–201 Ahlgren EO, Poulsen FW (1995) Thermoelectric power of stabilized zirconia. Solid State Ionics 82:193–201
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmad A, Walsh J, Wheat TA (2003) Effect of processing on the properties of tin oxide-based thick-film gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 93:538–545 Ahmad A, Walsh J, Wheat TA (2003) Effect of processing on the properties of tin oxide-based thick-film gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 93:538–545
Zurück zum Zitat Aifan C, Xiaodong H, Zhangfa T, Shouli B, Ruixian L, Chiun LC (2006) Preparation, characterization and gas-sensing properties of SnO2–In2O3 nanocomposite oxides. Sens Actuators B 115:316–321 Aifan C, Xiaodong H, Zhangfa T, Shouli B, Ruixian L, Chiun LC (2006) Preparation, characterization and gas-sensing properties of SnO2–In2O3 nanocomposite oxides. Sens Actuators B 115:316–321
Zurück zum Zitat Alberti G, Casciola M (2001) Solid state protonic conductors, present main applications and future prospects. Solid State Ion 145:3–16 Alberti G, Casciola M (2001) Solid state protonic conductors, present main applications and future prospects. Solid State Ion 145:3–16
Zurück zum Zitat Alberti G, Carbone A, Palombari R (2001) Solid state potentiometric sensor at medium temperatures (150–300 °C) for detecting oxidable gaseous species in air. Sens Actuators B 75:125–128 Alberti G, Carbone A, Palombari R (2001) Solid state potentiometric sensor at medium temperatures (150–300 °C) for detecting oxidable gaseous species in air. Sens Actuators B 75:125–128
Zurück zum Zitat Ando M, Kobayashi T, Haruta M (1996) Humidity-sensitive optical absorption of Co3O4 film. Sens Actuators B 32:157–160 Ando M, Kobayashi T, Haruta M (1996) Humidity-sensitive optical absorption of Co3O4 film. Sens Actuators B 32:157–160
Zurück zum Zitat Ando M, Kobayashi T, Iijima S, Haruta M (1997) Optical recognition of CO and H2 by use of gas-sensitive Au–Co3O4 composite films. J Mater Chem 7(9):1779–1783 Ando M, Kobayashi T, Iijima S, Haruta M (1997) Optical recognition of CO and H2 by use of gas-sensitive Au–Co3O4 composite films. J Mater Chem 7(9):1779–1783
Zurück zum Zitat Ando M, Sato Y, Tamura S, Kobayashi T (1999) Optical humidity sensitivity of plasma-oxidized nickel oxide films. Solid State Ionics 121:307–311 Ando M, Sato Y, Tamura S, Kobayashi T (1999) Optical humidity sensitivity of plasma-oxidized nickel oxide films. Solid State Ionics 121:307–311
Zurück zum Zitat Ando M, Chabicovsky R, Haruta M (2001) Optical hydrogen sensitivity of noble metal–tungsten oxide composite films prepared by sputtering deposition. Sens Actuators B 76:13–17 Ando M, Chabicovsky R, Haruta M (2001) Optical hydrogen sensitivity of noble metal–tungsten oxide composite films prepared by sputtering deposition. Sens Actuators B 76:13–17
Zurück zum Zitat Anothainart K, Burgmair A, Karthigeyan A, Zimmer M, Eisele I (2003) Light enhanced NO2 gas sensing with tin oxide at room temperature: conductance and work function measurements. Sens Actuators B 93:580–584 Anothainart K, Burgmair A, Karthigeyan A, Zimmer M, Eisele I (2003) Light enhanced NO2 gas sensing with tin oxide at room temperature: conductance and work function measurements. Sens Actuators B 93:580–584
Zurück zum Zitat Amar IA, Lan R, Petit CTG, Tao S (2011) Solid-state electrochemical synthesis of ammonia: a review. J Solid State Electrochem 15:1845–1860 Amar IA, Lan R, Petit CTG, Tao S (2011) Solid-state electrochemical synthesis of ammonia: a review. J Solid State Electrochem 15:1845–1860
Zurück zum Zitat Arafat MM, Dinan B, Akbar SA, Haseeb ASMA (2012) Gas sensors based on one dimensional nanostructured metal-oxides: a review. Sensors 12:7207–7258 Arafat MM, Dinan B, Akbar SA, Haseeb ASMA (2012) Gas sensors based on one dimensional nanostructured metal-oxides: a review. Sensors 12:7207–7258
Zurück zum Zitat Aroutiounian V (2007) Metal oxide hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide sensors for hydrogen setups and cells. Int J Hydrogen Energy 32:1145–1158 Aroutiounian V (2007) Metal oxide hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide sensors for hydrogen setups and cells. Int J Hydrogen Energy 32:1145–1158
Zurück zum Zitat Aygun S, Cann D (2005) Hydrogen sensitivity of doped CuO/ZnO heterocontact. Sens Actuators B 106:837–842 Aygun S, Cann D (2005) Hydrogen sensitivity of doped CuO/ZnO heterocontact. Sens Actuators B 106:837–842
Zurück zum Zitat Badlani M, Wachs IE (2001) Methanol: a “smart” chemical probe molecule. Catal Lett 75(3–4):137–149 Badlani M, Wachs IE (2001) Methanol: a “smart” chemical probe molecule. Catal Lett 75(3–4):137–149
Zurück zum Zitat Baek K-K, Tuller HL (1993) Electronic characterization of ZnO/CuO heterojunctions. Sens Actuators B 13:238–240 Baek K-K, Tuller HL (1993) Electronic characterization of ZnO/CuO heterojunctions. Sens Actuators B 13:238–240
Zurück zum Zitat Bahu M, Kumar K, Bahu T (2012) CuO-ZnO semiconductor gas sensors for ammonia at room temperatures. J Electron Devices 14:1137–1141 Bahu M, Kumar K, Bahu T (2012) CuO-ZnO semiconductor gas sensors for ammonia at room temperatures. J Electron Devices 14:1137–1141
Zurück zum Zitat Bangale SV, Patil DR, Bamane SR (2011) Nanostructured spinel ZnFe2O4 for the detection of chlorine gas. Sens Transducers J 134(11):107–119 Bangale SV, Patil DR, Bamane SR (2011) Nanostructured spinel ZnFe2O4 for the detection of chlorine gas. Sens Transducers J 134(11):107–119
Zurück zum Zitat Barsan N, Weimar U (2001) Conduction model of metal oxide gas sensors. J Electroceram 7(3):143–167 Barsan N, Weimar U (2001) Conduction model of metal oxide gas sensors. J Electroceram 7(3):143–167
Zurück zum Zitat Barsan N, Schweizer-Berberich M, Gopel W (1999) Fundamental and practical aspects in the design of nanoscaled SnO2 gas sensors. A status report. Fresen J Anal Chem 365:287–304 Barsan N, Schweizer-Berberich M, Gopel W (1999) Fundamental and practical aspects in the design of nanoscaled SnO2 gas sensors. A status report. Fresen J Anal Chem 365:287–304
Zurück zum Zitat Basu S, Hazra SK (2005) ZnO p-n homojunctions for hydrogen gas sensors at elevated temperature. Asian J Phys 14:65–69 Basu S, Hazra SK (2005) ZnO p-n homojunctions for hydrogen gas sensors at elevated temperature. Asian J Phys 14:65–69
Zurück zum Zitat Basu S, Saha M, Chatterjee S, Mistry KK, Bandyopadhay S, Sengupta K (2001) Porous ceramic sensor for measurement of gas moisture in the ppm range. Mater Lett 49:29–33 Basu S, Saha M, Chatterjee S, Mistry KK, Bandyopadhay S, Sengupta K (2001) Porous ceramic sensor for measurement of gas moisture in the ppm range. Mater Lett 49:29–33
Zurück zum Zitat Batzill M (2006) Surface science studies of gas sensing materials: SnO2. Sensors 6:1345–1376 Batzill M (2006) Surface science studies of gas sensing materials: SnO2. Sensors 6:1345–1376
Zurück zum Zitat Bechinger C, Oefinger G, Herminghaus S, Leidered P (1993) On the fundamental role of oxygen for the photochromic effect in WO3. J Appl Phys 74:4527–4533 Bechinger C, Oefinger G, Herminghaus S, Leidered P (1993) On the fundamental role of oxygen for the photochromic effect in WO3. J Appl Phys 74:4527–4533
Zurück zum Zitat Benson DK, Tracy CE, Lee S-H, Hishmeh GA, Haberman DP, Ciszek PA (1998) Low-cost, fiber-optic hydrogen gas detector using guided-wave, surface-plasmon resonance in chemochromic thin films. NREL/CP-590-25611, pp 1–18 Benson DK, Tracy CE, Lee S-H, Hishmeh GA, Haberman DP, Ciszek PA (1998) Low-cost, fiber-optic hydrogen gas detector using guided-wave, surface-plasmon resonance in chemochromic thin films. NREL/CP-590-25611, pp 1–18
Zurück zum Zitat Berger O, Hoffmann T, Fischer W-J, Melev V (2004) Tungsten-oxide thin films as novel materials with high sensitivity and selectivity to NO2, O3, and H2S. Part II: application as gas sensors. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 15:483–493 Berger O, Hoffmann T, Fischer W-J, Melev V (2004) Tungsten-oxide thin films as novel materials with high sensitivity and selectivity to NO2, O3, and H2S. Part II: application as gas sensors. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 15:483–493
Zurück zum Zitat Biao W, Dong ZY, Ming HL, Sheng CJ, Li GF, Yun L, Jun WL (2010) Improved and excellent CO sensing properties of Cu-doped TiO2 nanofibers. Chin Sci Bull 55:228–232 Biao W, Dong ZY, Ming HL, Sheng CJ, Li GF, Yun L, Jun WL (2010) Improved and excellent CO sensing properties of Cu-doped TiO2 nanofibers. Chin Sci Bull 55:228–232
Zurück zum Zitat Blase R, Härdtl KH, Schönauer U (1997) Oxygen sensor based on non-doped cuprate. US Patent 5,792,666 Blase R, Härdtl KH, Schönauer U (1997) Oxygen sensor based on non-doped cuprate. US Patent 5,792,666
Zurück zum Zitat Bonanos N (2001) Oxide-based protonic conductors: point defects and transport properties. Solid State Ionics 145:265–274 Bonanos N (2001) Oxide-based protonic conductors: point defects and transport properties. Solid State Ionics 145:265–274
Zurück zum Zitat Boozer C (2003) Surface functionalization for self-referencing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors by multi-step self-assembly. Sens Actuators B 90:22–30 Boozer C (2003) Surface functionalization for self-referencing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors by multi-step self-assembly. Sens Actuators B 90:22–30
Zurück zum Zitat Brinzari V, Korotcenkov G, Golovanov V (2001) Factors influencing the gas sensing characteristics of tin dioxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis: understanding and possibilities for control. Thin Solid Films 391(1/2):167–175 Brinzari V, Korotcenkov G, Golovanov V (2001) Factors influencing the gas sensing characteristics of tin dioxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis: understanding and possibilities for control. Thin Solid Films 391(1/2):167–175
Zurück zum Zitat Brinzari V, Ivanov M, Cho BK, Kamei M, Korotcenkov G (2010) Photoconductivity in In2O3 nanoscale thin films: interrelation with chemisorbed-type conductometric response towards oxygen. Sens Actuators B 148:427–438 Brinzari V, Ivanov M, Cho BK, Kamei M, Korotcenkov G (2010) Photoconductivity in In2O3 nanoscale thin films: interrelation with chemisorbed-type conductometric response towards oxygen. Sens Actuators B 148:427–438
Zurück zum Zitat Brynn DH, Tseung CC (1979) The reduction of sulphur dioxide by carbon monoxide on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 catalyst. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 29:713–718 Brynn DH, Tseung CC (1979) The reduction of sulphur dioxide by carbon monoxide on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 catalyst. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 29:713–718
Zurück zum Zitat Brynzari V, Korotchenkov G, Dmitriev S (1999) Simulation of thin film gas sensor kinetics. Sens Actuators B 61:143–153 Brynzari V, Korotchenkov G, Dmitriev S (1999) Simulation of thin film gas sensor kinetics. Sens Actuators B 61:143–153
Zurück zum Zitat Brynzari V, Korotchenkov G, Dmitriev S (2000) Theoretical study of semiconductor thin film gas sensitivity: attempt to consistent approach. J Electron Technol 33:225–235 Brynzari V, Korotchenkov G, Dmitriev S (2000) Theoretical study of semiconductor thin film gas sensitivity: attempt to consistent approach. J Electron Technol 33:225–235
Zurück zum Zitat Burgmair M, Zimmer M, Eisele I (2003) Humidity and temperature compensation in work function gas sensor FETs. Sens Actuators B 93:271–275 Burgmair M, Zimmer M, Eisele I (2003) Humidity and temperature compensation in work function gas sensor FETs. Sens Actuators B 93:271–275
Zurück zum Zitat Calatayud M, Markovits A, Menetrey M, Mguig B, Minot C (2003) Adsorption on perfect and reduced surfaces of metal oxides. Catal Today 85:125–143 Calatayud M, Markovits A, Menetrey M, Mguig B, Minot C (2003) Adsorption on perfect and reduced surfaces of metal oxides. Catal Today 85:125–143
Zurück zum Zitat Cavanagh LM, Smith P, Binionsa R (2012) BaSnO3 thick film as a carbon dioxide sensor. J Electrochem Soc 159(3):J67–J71 Cavanagh LM, Smith P, Binionsa R (2012) BaSnO3 thick film as a carbon dioxide sensor. J Electrochem Soc 159(3):J67–J71
Zurück zum Zitat Chao Y, Buttner WJ, Yao S, Stetter JR (2005) Amperometric sensor for selective and stable hydrogen measurement. Sens Actuators B 106:784–790 Chao Y, Buttner WJ, Yao S, Stetter JR (2005) Amperometric sensor for selective and stable hydrogen measurement. Sens Actuators B 106:784–790
Zurück zum Zitat Chapelle A, Oudrhiri-Hassani F, Presmanes L, Barnabé A, Tailhades P (2010) CO2 sensing properties of semiconducting copper oxide and spinel ferrite nanocomposite thin film. Appl Surf Sci 256(14):4715–4719 Chapelle A, Oudrhiri-Hassani F, Presmanes L, Barnabé A, Tailhades P (2010) CO2 sensing properties of semiconducting copper oxide and spinel ferrite nanocomposite thin film. Appl Surf Sci 256(14):4715–4719
Zurück zum Zitat Chiba A (1992) Development of the TGS gas sensor. In: Yamauchi S (ed) Chemical sensor technology, vol 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1–18 Chiba A (1992) Development of the TGS gas sensor. In: Yamauchi S (ed) Chemical sensor technology, vol 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1–18
Zurück zum Zitat Choi SW, Park JY, Kim SS (2009) Synthesis of SnO2-ZnO core-shell nanofibers via a novel two-step process and their gas sensing properties. Nanotechnology 20:465603 Choi SW, Park JY, Kim SS (2009) Synthesis of SnO2-ZnO core-shell nanofibers via a novel two-step process and their gas sensing properties. Nanotechnology 20:465603
Zurück zum Zitat Choi J-K, Hwang I-S, Kim S-J, Park J-S, Park S-S, Jeong U, Kang YC, Lee J-H (2010) Design of selective gas sensors using electrospun Pd-doped SnO2 hollow nanofibers. Sens Actuators B 150:191–199 Choi J-K, Hwang I-S, Kim S-J, Park J-S, Park S-S, Jeong U, Kang YC, Lee J-H (2010) Design of selective gas sensors using electrospun Pd-doped SnO2 hollow nanofibers. Sens Actuators B 150:191–199
Zurück zum Zitat Chung W-Y, Oh S-J (2006) Remote monitoring system with wireless sensors module for room environment. Sens Actuators B 113:64–70 Chung W-Y, Oh S-J (2006) Remote monitoring system with wireless sensors module for room environment. Sens Actuators B 113:64–70
Zurück zum Zitat Collado JA, Aranda MAG, Cabeza A, Olivera-Pastor P, Bruque S (2002) Synthesis, structures, and thermal expansion of the La2W2-xMoxO9 series. J Solid State Chem 167:80–85 Collado JA, Aranda MAG, Cabeza A, Olivera-Pastor P, Bruque S (2002) Synthesis, structures, and thermal expansion of the La2W2-xMoxO9 series. J Solid State Chem 167:80–85
Zurück zum Zitat Comini E, Cristalli A, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2000) Light enhanced gas sensing properties of indium oxide and tin dioxide sensors. Sens Actuators B 65:260–263 Comini E, Cristalli A, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2000) Light enhanced gas sensing properties of indium oxide and tin dioxide sensors. Sens Actuators B 65:260–263
Zurück zum Zitat Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2001) UV light activation of tin oxide thin films for NO2 sensing at low temperatures. Sens Actuators B 78:73–77 Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2001) UV light activation of tin oxide thin films for NO2 sensing at low temperatures. Sens Actuators B 78:73–77
Zurück zum Zitat Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2009) Electrical-based gas sensing. In: Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (eds) Solid state gas sensing. Springer, New York, pp 47–107 Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (2009) Electrical-based gas sensing. In: Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G (eds) Solid state gas sensing. Springer, New York, pp 47–107
Zurück zum Zitat D’Amico A, Zemel JN (1985) Pyroelectric enthalpimetric detection. J Appl Phys 57:2640–2643 D’Amico A, Zemel JN (1985) Pyroelectric enthalpimetric detection. J Appl Phys 57:2640–2643
Zurück zum Zitat Dakin J, Culshaw B (eds) (1988) Optical fiber sensors: principles and components, vol 1. Artech House, Boston, MA Dakin J, Culshaw B (eds) (1988) Optical fiber sensors: principles and components, vol 1. Artech House, Boston, MA
Zurück zum Zitat Dandeneau CS, Jeon Y-H, Shelton CT, Plant TK, Cann DP, Gibbons BJ (2009) Thin film chemical sensors based on p-CuO/n-ZnO heterocontacts. Thin Solid Films 517:4448–4454 Dandeneau CS, Jeon Y-H, Shelton CT, Plant TK, Cann DP, Gibbons BJ (2009) Thin film chemical sensors based on p-CuO/n-ZnO heterocontacts. Thin Solid Films 517:4448–4454
Zurück zum Zitat Das S, Chakraborty S, Parkash O, Kumarb D, Bandyopadhyay S, Samudrala SK, Sena A, Maiti HS (2008) Vanadium doped tin dioxide as a novel sulfur dioxide sensor. Talanta 75:385–389 Das S, Chakraborty S, Parkash O, Kumarb D, Bandyopadhyay S, Samudrala SK, Sena A, Maiti HS (2008) Vanadium doped tin dioxide as a novel sulfur dioxide sensor. Talanta 75:385–389
Zurück zum Zitat Dawson DH, Henshaw GS, Williams DE (1995) Description and characterization of hydrogen sulfide gas sensor based on Cr2-yTiO3+x. Sens Actuators B 26–27:76–80 Dawson DH, Henshaw GS, Williams DE (1995) Description and characterization of hydrogen sulfide gas sensor based on Cr2-yTiO3+x. Sens Actuators B 26–27:76–80
Zurück zum Zitat Dayan NJ, Sainkar SR, Karekar RN, Aiyer RC (1998) Formulation and characterization of ZnO:Sb thick-film gas sensors. Thin Solid Films 325:254–258 Dayan NJ, Sainkar SR, Karekar RN, Aiyer RC (1998) Formulation and characterization of ZnO:Sb thick-film gas sensors. Thin Solid Films 325:254–258
Zurück zum Zitat De Souza Brito GE, Santilli CV, Pulcenelli SH (1995) Evolution of the fractal structural during sintering of SnO2 compacted sol–gel powders. Colloids Surf A 97:217–225 De Souza Brito GE, Santilli CV, Pulcenelli SH (1995) Evolution of the fractal structural during sintering of SnO2 compacted sol–gel powders. Colloids Surf A 97:217–225
Zurück zum Zitat Deb SK, Witzke H (1975) The solid state electrochromic phenomenon and its applications to display devices. Proc IEEE Int Electron Devices Mtng 21:393–397 Deb SK, Witzke H (1975) The solid state electrochromic phenomenon and its applications to display devices. Proc IEEE Int Electron Devices Mtng 21:393–397
Zurück zum Zitat Dickey EC, Varghese OK, Ong KG, Gong D, Paulose M, Grimes CA (2002) Room temperature ammonia and humidity sensing using highly ordered nanoporous alumina films. Sensors 2:91–110 Dickey EC, Varghese OK, Ong KG, Gong D, Paulose M, Grimes CA (2002) Room temperature ammonia and humidity sensing using highly ordered nanoporous alumina films. Sensors 2:91–110
Zurück zum Zitat Djerdj I, Haensch A, Koziej D, Pokhrel S, Barsan N, Weimar U, Niederberger M (2009) Neodymium dioxide carbonate as a sensing layer for chemoresistive CO2 sensing. Chem Mater 21:5375–5381 Djerdj I, Haensch A, Koziej D, Pokhrel S, Barsan N, Weimar U, Niederberger M (2009) Neodymium dioxide carbonate as a sensing layer for chemoresistive CO2 sensing. Chem Mater 21:5375–5381
Zurück zum Zitat Doll T, Eisele I (1998) Gas detection with work function sensors. In: Proceedings of SPIE conference on chemical microsensors and applications, vol 3539, Nov 1998, Boston, MA, pp 96–105 Doll T, Eisele I (1998) Gas detection with work function sensors. In: Proceedings of SPIE conference on chemical microsensors and applications, vol 3539, Nov 1998, Boston, MA, pp 96–105
Zurück zum Zitat Dong K-Y, Choi J-K, Hwang I-S, Lee J-W, Kang BH, Ham D-J, Lee J-H, Ju B-K (2011) Enhanced H2S sensing characteristics of Pt doped SnO2 nanofibers sensors with micro heater. Sens Actuators B 157:154–161 Dong K-Y, Choi J-K, Hwang I-S, Lee J-W, Kang BH, Ham D-J, Lee J-H, Ju B-K (2011) Enhanced H2S sensing characteristics of Pt doped SnO2 nanofibers sensors with micro heater. Sens Actuators B 157:154–161
Zurück zum Zitat Dostálek J, Tyroký J, Homola J, Brynda E, Skalský M, Nekvindová P, Spirková J, Skvor J, Schröfel J (2001) Surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on integrated optical waveguide. Sens Actuators B 76:8–12 Dostálek J, Tyroký J, Homola J, Brynda E, Skalský M, Nekvindová P, Spirková J, Skvor J, Schröfel J (2001) Surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on integrated optical waveguide. Sens Actuators B 76:8–12
Zurück zum Zitat Du Y, Nowick AS (1996) Galvanic cell measurements on a fast proton conducting complex perovskite electrolyte. Solid State Ionics 91(1–2):85–91 Du Y, Nowick AS (1996) Galvanic cell measurements on a fast proton conducting complex perovskite electrolyte. Solid State Ionics 91(1–2):85–91
Zurück zum Zitat Elumalai P, Miura N (2005) Performances of planar NO2 sensor using stabilized zirconia and NiO sensing electrode at high temperature. Solid State Ion 31–34:2517–2522 Elumalai P, Miura N (2005) Performances of planar NO2 sensor using stabilized zirconia and NiO sensing electrode at high temperature. Solid State Ion 31–34:2517–2522
Zurück zum Zitat Elumalai P, Plashnitsa VV, Fujio Y, Miura A (2008) Stabilized zirconia-based sensor attached with NiO/Au sensing electrode aiming for highly selective detection of ammonia in automobile exhausts. Electrochem Solid State Lett 11:J79–J81 Elumalai P, Plashnitsa VV, Fujio Y, Miura A (2008) Stabilized zirconia-based sensor attached with NiO/Au sensing electrode aiming for highly selective detection of ammonia in automobile exhausts. Electrochem Solid State Lett 11:J79–J81
Zurück zum Zitat Epifani M, Comini E, Arbiol J, Dıaz R, Sergent N, Pagnier T, Siciliano P, Faglia G, Morante JR (2008) Chemical synthesis of In2O3 nanocrystals and their application in highly performing ozone-sensing devices. Sens Actuators B 130:483–487 Epifani M, Comini E, Arbiol J, Dıaz R, Sergent N, Pagnier T, Siciliano P, Faglia G, Morante JR (2008) Chemical synthesis of In2O3 nanocrystals and their application in highly performing ozone-sensing devices. Sens Actuators B 130:483–487
Zurück zum Zitat Eranna G, Joshi BC, Runthala DP, Gupta RP (2004) Oxide materials for development of integrated gas sensors – a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 29:111–188 Eranna G, Joshi BC, Runthala DP, Gupta RP (2004) Oxide materials for development of integrated gas sensors – a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 29:111–188
Zurück zum Zitat Espinosa EH, Ionescu R, Chambon B, Bedis G, Sotter E, Bittencourt C, Felten A, Pireaux J-J, Correig X, Llobet E (2007) Hybrid metal oxide and multiwall carbon nanotube films for low temperature gas sensing. Sens Actuators B 127:137–142 Espinosa EH, Ionescu R, Chambon B, Bedis G, Sotter E, Bittencourt C, Felten A, Pireaux J-J, Correig X, Llobet E (2007) Hybrid metal oxide and multiwall carbon nanotube films for low temperature gas sensing. Sens Actuators B 127:137–142
Zurück zum Zitat Etsell TH, Flengas SN (1970) Electrical properties of solid oxide electrolytes. Chem Rev 70:339–376 Etsell TH, Flengas SN (1970) Electrical properties of solid oxide electrolytes. Chem Rev 70:339–376
Zurück zum Zitat Fardindoost S, Zad AI, Rahimi F, Ghasempour R (2010) Pd doped WO3 films prepared by sol–gel process for hydrogen sensing. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35:854–860 Fardindoost S, Zad AI, Rahimi F, Ghasempour R (2010) Pd doped WO3 films prepared by sol–gel process for hydrogen sensing. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35:854–860
Zurück zum Zitat Fergus JW (2007a) Perovskite oxides for semiconductor-based gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 123:1169–1179 Fergus JW (2007a) Perovskite oxides for semiconductor-based gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 123:1169–1179
Zurück zum Zitat Fergus JW (2007b) Solid electrolyte based sensors for the measurement of CO and hydrocarbon gases. Sens Actuators B 122:683–693 Fergus JW (2007b) Solid electrolyte based sensors for the measurement of CO and hydrocarbon gases. Sens Actuators B 122:683–693
Zurück zum Zitat Fergus JW (2007c) Materials for high temperature electrochemical NO x gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 121:652–663 Fergus JW (2007c) Materials for high temperature electrochemical NO x gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 121:652–663
Zurück zum Zitat Fergus JW (2008) A review of electrolyte and electrode materials for high temperature electrochemical CO2 and SO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 134:1034–1041 Fergus JW (2008) A review of electrolyte and electrode materials for high temperature electrochemical CO2 and SO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 134:1034–1041
Zurück zum Zitat Ferro R, Rodriguez JA, Jimenez I, Cirera A, Cerda J, Morante JR (2005) Gas-sensing properties of sprayed films of (CdO)x(ZnO)1-x mixed oxide. IEEE Sens J 5:48–52 Ferro R, Rodriguez JA, Jimenez I, Cirera A, Cerda J, Morante JR (2005) Gas-sensing properties of sprayed films of (CdO)x(ZnO)1-x mixed oxide. IEEE Sens J 5:48–52
Zurück zum Zitat Fields LL, Zheng JP, Cheng Y, Xiong P (2006) Room-temperature low-power hydrogen sensor based on a single tin dioxide nanobelt. Appl Phys Lett 88:263102 Fields LL, Zheng JP, Cheng Y, Xiong P (2006) Room-temperature low-power hydrogen sensor based on a single tin dioxide nanobelt. Appl Phys Lett 88:263102
Zurück zum Zitat Fine GF, Cavanagh LM, Afonja A, Binions R (2010) Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in environmental monitoring. Sensors 10:5469–5502 Fine GF, Cavanagh LM, Afonja A, Binions R (2010) Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in environmental monitoring. Sensors 10:5469–5502
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischer M, Meixner H (1997) Fast gas sensors based on metal oxides which are stable at high temperatures. Sens Actuators B 43:1–10 Fleischer M, Meixner H (1997) Fast gas sensors based on metal oxides which are stable at high temperatures. Sens Actuators B 43:1–10
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischer M, Meixner H (1998) Selectivity in high-temperature operated semiconductor gas-sensors. Sens Actuators B 52:179–187 Fleischer M, Meixner H (1998) Selectivity in high-temperature operated semiconductor gas-sensors. Sens Actuators B 52:179–187
Zurück zum Zitat Fu T (2007) Sensing properties and mechanism of gas sensor for H2S and NO2 based on [Cu5(bipyO2)6Cl8]Cl2. Sens Actuators B 123:1113–1119 Fu T (2007) Sensing properties and mechanism of gas sensor for H2S and NO2 based on [Cu5(bipyO2)6Cl8]Cl2. Sens Actuators B 123:1113–1119
Zurück zum Zitat Fukatsu N, Kurita N, Koide K, Ohashi T (1998) Hydrogen sensor for molten metals usable up to 1500 K. Solid State Ionics 113–115:219–227 Fukatsu N, Kurita N, Koide K, Ohashi T (1998) Hydrogen sensor for molten metals usable up to 1500 K. Solid State Ionics 113–115:219–227
Zurück zum Zitat Gadkari AB, Shinde TJ, Vasambekar PN (2011) Ferrite gas sensors. IEEE Sens J 11(4):849–861 Gadkari AB, Shinde TJ, Vasambekar PN (2011) Ferrite gas sensors. IEEE Sens J 11(4):849–861
Zurück zum Zitat Garagounis I, Kyriakou V, Anagnostou C, Bourganis V, Papachristou I, Stoukides M (2011) Solid electrolytes: applications in heterogeneous catalysis and chemical cogeneration. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:431–472 Garagounis I, Kyriakou V, Anagnostou C, Bourganis V, Papachristou I, Stoukides M (2011) Solid electrolytes: applications in heterogeneous catalysis and chemical cogeneration. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:431–472
Zurück zum Zitat Gardner JM, Bartlett PN (eds) (1992) Sensors and sensory systems for an electronic nose. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht Gardner JM, Bartlett PN (eds) (1992) Sensors and sensory systems for an electronic nose. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
Zurück zum Zitat Gardner JM, Bartlett PN (1999) Electronic noses: principles and applications. Oxford University Press, Oxford Gardner JM, Bartlett PN (1999) Electronic noses: principles and applications. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Zurück zum Zitat Garzon FH, Mukundan R, Brosha EL (2000) Solid-state mixed potential gas sensors: theory, experiments and challenges. Solid State Ionics 136–137:633–638 Garzon FH, Mukundan R, Brosha EL (2000) Solid-state mixed potential gas sensors: theory, experiments and challenges. Solid State Ionics 136–137:633–638
Zurück zum Zitat Gas’kov AM, Rumyantseva MN (2001) Nature of gas sensitivity in nanocrystalline metal oxides. Russ J Appl Chem 74(3):440–444 Gas’kov AM, Rumyantseva MN (2001) Nature of gas sensitivity in nanocrystalline metal oxides. Russ J Appl Chem 74(3):440–444
Zurück zum Zitat Gas’kov A, Rumyantseva M (2009) Metal oxide nanocomposites: synthesis and characterization in relation with gas sensing phenomena. In: Baraton MI (ed) Sensors for environment, health and security. Springer Science + Business Media B.V., Dordrecht, pp 3–29 Gas’kov A, Rumyantseva M (2009) Metal oxide nanocomposites: synthesis and characterization in relation with gas sensing phenomena. In: Baraton MI (ed) Sensors for environment, health and security. Springer Science + Business Media B.V., Dordrecht, pp 3–29
Zurück zum Zitat Gawas UB, Verenkar VMS, Patil DR (2011) Nanostructured ferrite based electronic nose sensitive to ammonia at room temperature. Sens Transducers J 134(11):45–55 Gawas UB, Verenkar VMS, Patil DR (2011) Nanostructured ferrite based electronic nose sensitive to ammonia at room temperature. Sens Transducers J 134(11):45–55
Zurück zum Zitat Ghimbeu CM, Lumbreras M, Schoonman J, Siadat M (2009) Electrosprayed metal oxide semiconductor films for sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen sulfide. Sensors 9:9122–9132 Ghimbeu CM, Lumbreras M, Schoonman J, Siadat M (2009) Electrosprayed metal oxide semiconductor films for sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen sulfide. Sensors 9:9122–9132
Zurück zum Zitat Gillet M, Aguir K, Bendahan M, Mennini P (2005) Grain size effect in sputtered tungsten trioxide thin films on the sensitivity to ozone. Thin Solid Films 484:358–363 Gillet M, Aguir K, Bendahan M, Mennini P (2005) Grain size effect in sputtered tungsten trioxide thin films on the sensitivity to ozone. Thin Solid Films 484:358–363
Zurück zum Zitat Glass RS, Milliken J, Howden K, Sullivan R (eds) (2000) Sensor needs and requirements for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell systems and direct-injection engines. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, UCRL-ID-137767, Livermore, CA, p 11 Glass RS, Milliken J, Howden K, Sullivan R (eds) (2000) Sensor needs and requirements for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell systems and direct-injection engines. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, UCRL-ID-137767, Livermore, CA, p 11
Zurück zum Zitat Golovanov V, Maki-Jaskari MA, Rantala TT, Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cornet A, Morante J (2005) Experimental and theoretical studies of the indium oxide-based gas sensors deposited by spray pyrolysis. Sens Actuators B 106:563–571 Golovanov V, Maki-Jaskari MA, Rantala TT, Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cornet A, Morante J (2005) Experimental and theoretical studies of the indium oxide-based gas sensors deposited by spray pyrolysis. Sens Actuators B 106:563–571
Zurück zum Zitat Granqvist CG (1995) Handbook of inorganic electrochromic materials. Elsevier, New York Granqvist CG (1995) Handbook of inorganic electrochromic materials. Elsevier, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Gui Y, Li S, Xu J, Li C (2008) Study on TiO2-doped ZnO thick film gas sensors enhanced by UV light at room temperature. Microelectron J 39:1120–1125 Gui Y, Li S, Xu J, Li C (2008) Study on TiO2-doped ZnO thick film gas sensors enhanced by UV light at room temperature. Microelectron J 39:1120–1125
Zurück zum Zitat Gupta SK, Joshi A, Kaur M (2010) Development of gas sensors using ZnO nanostructures. J Chem Sci 122(1):57–62 Gupta SK, Joshi A, Kaur M (2010) Development of gas sensors using ZnO nanostructures. J Chem Sci 122(1):57–62
Zurück zum Zitat Gurlo A (2006) Interplay between O2 and SnO2: oxygen ionosorption and spectroscopic evidence for adsorbed oxygen. ChemPhysChem 7:2041–2052 Gurlo A (2006) Interplay between O2 and SnO2: oxygen ionosorption and spectroscopic evidence for adsorbed oxygen. ChemPhysChem 7:2041–2052
Zurück zum Zitat Gurlo A, Ivanovskaya M, Barsan N, Schweizer-Berberich M, Weimar U, Gopel W, Dieguez A (1997) Grain size control in nanocrystalline In2O3 semiconductor sensors. Sens Actuators B 44:327–333 Gurlo A, Ivanovskaya M, Barsan N, Schweizer-Berberich M, Weimar U, Gopel W, Dieguez A (1997) Grain size control in nanocrystalline In2O3 semiconductor sensors. Sens Actuators B 44:327–333
Zurück zum Zitat Haile SM (2003) Fuel cell materials and components. Acta Mater 51:5981–6000 Haile SM (2003) Fuel cell materials and components. Acta Mater 51:5981–6000
Zurück zum Zitat Hashimoto A, Hibino T, Mori K, Sano M (2001) High-temperature hydrocarbon sensors based on a stabilized zirconia electrolyte and proton conductor-containing platinum electrode. Sens Actuators B 81:55–63 Hashimoto A, Hibino T, Mori K, Sano M (2001) High-temperature hydrocarbon sensors based on a stabilized zirconia electrolyte and proton conductor-containing platinum electrode. Sens Actuators B 81:55–63
Zurück zum Zitat Haugen JE, Kvaal K (1998) Electronic nose and artificial neural network. Meat Sci 49:S273–S286 Haugen JE, Kvaal K (1998) Electronic nose and artificial neural network. Meat Sci 49:S273–S286
Zurück zum Zitat Hazra SK, Basu S (2006) Hydrogen sensitivity of ZnO p-n homojunctions. Sens Actuators B 117:177–182 Hazra SK, Basu S (2006) Hydrogen sensitivity of ZnO p-n homojunctions. Sens Actuators B 117:177–182
Zurück zum Zitat Helwig A, Muller G, Eickhoff M, Sberveglieri G (2007) Dissociative gas sensing at metal oxide surfaces. IEEE Sens J 7:1675–1679 Helwig A, Muller G, Eickhoff M, Sberveglieri G (2007) Dissociative gas sensing at metal oxide surfaces. IEEE Sens J 7:1675–1679
Zurück zum Zitat Helwig A, Muller G, Sberveglieri G, Eickhoff M (2009) On the low-temperature response of semiconductor gas sensors. J Sens 2009:620720 Helwig A, Muller G, Sberveglieri G, Eickhoff M (2009) On the low-temperature response of semiconductor gas sensors. J Sens 2009:620720
Zurück zum Zitat Hemmati S, Firooz AA, Khodadadi AA, Mortazavi Y (2011) Nanostructured SnO2–ZnO sensors: highly sensitive and selective to ethanol. Sens Actuators B 160:1298–1303 Hemmati S, Firooz AA, Khodadadi AA, Mortazavi Y (2011) Nanostructured SnO2–ZnO sensors: highly sensitive and selective to ethanol. Sens Actuators B 160:1298–1303
Zurück zum Zitat Herran J, Mandayo GG, Castano E (2008) Solid state gas sensor for fast carbon dioxide detection. Sens Actuators B 129:705–709 Herran J, Mandayo GG, Castano E (2008) Solid state gas sensor for fast carbon dioxide detection. Sens Actuators B 129:705–709
Zurück zum Zitat Herrán J, Ga MG, Castaño E (2009) Semiconducting BaTiO3-CuO mixed oxide thin films for CO2 detection. Thin Solid Films 517:6192–6197 Herrán J, Ga MG, Castaño E (2009) Semiconducting BaTiO3-CuO mixed oxide thin films for CO2 detection. Thin Solid Films 517:6192–6197
Zurück zum Zitat Herrán J, Fernández-González O, Castro-Hurtado I, Romero T, Ga Mandayo G, Castano E (2010) Photoactivated solid-state gas sensor for carbon dioxide detection at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 149:368–372 Herrán J, Fernández-González O, Castro-Hurtado I, Romero T, Ga Mandayo G, Castano E (2010) Photoactivated solid-state gas sensor for carbon dioxide detection at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 149:368–372
Zurück zum Zitat Hibino T, Kuwahara Y, Wang S, Kakimoto S, Sano M (1998) Nonideal electromotive force of zirconia sensors for unsaturated hydrocarbon gases. Electrochem Soc Lett 1(4):197–199 Hibino T, Kuwahara Y, Wang S, Kakimoto S, Sano M (1998) Nonideal electromotive force of zirconia sensors for unsaturated hydrocarbon gases. Electrochem Soc Lett 1(4):197–199
Zurück zum Zitat Hibino T, Kakimoto S, Sano M (1999) Non-Nernstian behavior at modified Au electrodes for hydrocarbon gas sensing. J Electrochem Soc 146:3361–3366 Hibino T, Kakimoto S, Sano M (1999) Non-Nernstian behavior at modified Au electrodes for hydrocarbon gas sensing. J Electrochem Soc 146:3361–3366
Zurück zum Zitat Hieu NV, Thuy LTB, Chien ND (2008) Highly sensitive thin film NH3 gas sensor operating at room temperature based on SnO2/MWCNTs composite. Sens Actuators B 129:888–895 Hieu NV, Thuy LTB, Chien ND (2008) Highly sensitive thin film NH3 gas sensor operating at room temperature based on SnO2/MWCNTs composite. Sens Actuators B 129:888–895
Zurück zum Zitat Hill DC, Tuller HL (1991) Ceramic sensors: theory and practice. In: Buchanan RC (ed) Ceramic materials for electronics, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 249–347 Hill DC, Tuller HL (1991) Ceramic sensors: theory and practice. In: Buchanan RC (ed) Ceramic materials for electronics, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 249–347
Zurück zum Zitat Hoefer U, Frank J, Fleischer M (2001) High temperature Ga2O3-gas sensors and SnO2-gas sensors: a comparison. Sens Actuators B 78:6–11 Hoefer U, Frank J, Fleischer M (2001) High temperature Ga2O3-gas sensors and SnO2-gas sensors: a comparison. Sens Actuators B 78:6–11
Zurück zum Zitat Hong DU, Han C-H, Park SH, Kim I-J, Gwak J, Han S-D, Kim HJ (2009) Recovery properties of hydrogen gas sensor with Pd/titanate and Pt/titanate nanotubes photo-catalyst by UV radiation from catalytic poisoning of H2S. Curr Appl Phys 9:172–178 Hong DU, Han C-H, Park SH, Kim I-J, Gwak J, Han S-D, Kim HJ (2009) Recovery properties of hydrogen gas sensor with Pd/titanate and Pt/titanate nanotubes photo-catalyst by UV radiation from catalytic poisoning of H2S. Curr Appl Phys 9:172–178
Zurück zum Zitat Horiuchi T, Hidaka H, Fukui T, Kubo Y, Horio M, Suzuki K, Mori T (1998) Effect of added basic metal oxides on CO2 adsorption on alumina at elevated temperatures. Appl Catal A Gen 167:195–202 Horiuchi T, Hidaka H, Fukui T, Kubo Y, Horio M, Suzuki K, Mori T (1998) Effect of added basic metal oxides on CO2 adsorption on alumina at elevated temperatures. Appl Catal A Gen 167:195–202
Zurück zum Zitat Houser EJ, Mlsna TE, Nguyen VK, Chung R, Mowery EL, McGill RA (2001) Rational materials design of sorbent coatings for explosives: applications with chemical sensors. Talanta 54:469–485 Houser EJ, Mlsna TE, Nguyen VK, Chung R, Mowery EL, McGill RA (2001) Rational materials design of sorbent coatings for explosives: applications with chemical sensors. Talanta 54:469–485
Zurück zum Zitat Hsieh HY, Spetz A, Zemel JN (1991) Wide range pyroelectric anemometers for gas flow measurements. In: Digest of technical papers of TRANSDUCERS ’91. International conference on solid-state sensors and actuators, 24–27 June 1991, San Francisco, CA, pp 38–40 Hsieh HY, Spetz A, Zemel JN (1991) Wide range pyroelectric anemometers for gas flow measurements. In: Digest of technical papers of TRANSDUCERS ’91. International conference on solid-state sensors and actuators, 24–27 June 1991, San Francisco, CA, pp 38–40
Zurück zum Zitat Hu Y, Zhou X, Han Q, Cao Q, Huang Y (2003) Sensing properties of CuO-ZnO heterojunction gas sensors. Mater Sci Eng B 99(1–3):41–43 Hu Y, Zhou X, Han Q, Cao Q, Huang Y (2003) Sensing properties of CuO-ZnO heterojunction gas sensors. Mater Sci Eng B 99(1–3):41–43
Zurück zum Zitat Hyodo T, Abe S, Shimuzu Y, Egashira M (2003) Gas sensing properties of ordered mesoporous SnO2 and effects of coatings thereof. Sens Actuators B 93:590–600 Hyodo T, Abe S, Shimuzu Y, Egashira M (2003) Gas sensing properties of ordered mesoporous SnO2 and effects of coatings thereof. Sens Actuators B 93:590–600
Zurück zum Zitat Iftimie N, Rezlescu E, Popa PD, Rezlescu N (2006) Gas sensitivity of nanocrystalline nickel ferrite. J Optoelectron Adv Mater 8(3):1016–1018 Iftimie N, Rezlescu E, Popa PD, Rezlescu N (2006) Gas sensitivity of nanocrystalline nickel ferrite. J Optoelectron Adv Mater 8(3):1016–1018
Zurück zum Zitat Imanaka N, Adachi G (1997) Rare earth contribution in solid state electrolytes, especially in the chemical sensor field. J Alloys Compd 250:492–500 Imanaka N, Adachi G (1997) Rare earth contribution in solid state electrolytes, especially in the chemical sensor field. J Alloys Compd 250:492–500
Zurück zum Zitat Ionescu R (1998) Combined Seebeck and resistive SnO2 gas sensors, a new selective device. Sens Actuators B 48:392–394 Ionescu R (1998) Combined Seebeck and resistive SnO2 gas sensors, a new selective device. Sens Actuators B 48:392–394
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T (ed) (2009) Perovskite oxide for solid oxide fuel cells. Springer, Dordrecht Ishihara T (ed) (2009) Perovskite oxide for solid oxide fuel cells. Springer, Dordrecht
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T, Matsubara S (1998) Capacitive type gas sensors. J Electroceram 2(4):215–228 Ishihara T, Matsubara S (1998) Capacitive type gas sensors. J Electroceram 2(4):215–228
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T, Kometani K, Mizuhara Y, Takita Y (1991a) Mixed oxide capacitor of CuO-BaSnO3 as a sensor for CO2 detection over a wide range of concentration. Chem Lett 20(10):1711–1714 Ishihara T, Kometani K, Mizuhara Y, Takita Y (1991a) Mixed oxide capacitor of CuO-BaSnO3 as a sensor for CO2 detection over a wide range of concentration. Chem Lett 20(10):1711–1714
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T, Kometani K, Hashida M, Takita Y (1991b) Application of mixed oxide capacitor to the selective carbon dioxide sensor. I. Measurement of carbon dioxide sensing characteristics. J Electrochem Soc 138:173–176 Ishihara T, Kometani K, Hashida M, Takita Y (1991b) Application of mixed oxide capacitor to the selective carbon dioxide sensor. I. Measurement of carbon dioxide sensing characteristics. J Electrochem Soc 138:173–176
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T, Kometani K, Mizuhara Y, Takita Y (1992) Application of a mixed oxide capacitor to the selective carbon dioxide sensor. II. CO2 sensing characteristics of a CuO-based oxide capacitor. J Electrochem Soc 139:2881–2885 Ishihara T, Kometani K, Mizuhara Y, Takita Y (1992) Application of a mixed oxide capacitor to the selective carbon dioxide sensor. II. CO2 sensing characteristics of a CuO-based oxide capacitor. J Electrochem Soc 139:2881–2885
Zurück zum Zitat Ishihara T, Sato S, Takita Y (1996) Sensitive detection of nitrogen oxides based upon capacitance changes in binary oxide mixture. Sens Actuators B 30:43–45 Ishihara T, Sato S, Takita Y (1996) Sensitive detection of nitrogen oxides based upon capacitance changes in binary oxide mixture. Sens Actuators B 30:43–45
Zurück zum Zitat Ito K, Kubo T, Yamauchi Y (1987) Gas sensor. US Patent 4,661,320 Ito K, Kubo T, Yamauchi Y (1987) Gas sensor. US Patent 4,661,320
Zurück zum Zitat Ivanovskaya M, Kotsikau D, Faglia G, Nelli P (2003) Influence of chemical composition and structural factors of Fe2O3/In2O3 sensors on their selectivity and sensitivity to ethanol. Sens Actuators B 96:498–503 Ivanovskaya M, Kotsikau D, Faglia G, Nelli P (2003) Influence of chemical composition and structural factors of Fe2O3/In2O3 sensors on their selectivity and sensitivity to ethanol. Sens Actuators B 96:498–503
Zurück zum Zitat Iwahara H, Yajima T, Hibino T, Ozaki K (1993) Protonic conduction in calcium, strontium and barium zirconates. Solid State Ionics 61:65–69 Iwahara H, Yajima T, Hibino T, Ozaki K (1993) Protonic conduction in calcium, strontium and barium zirconates. Solid State Ionics 61:65–69
Zurück zum Zitat Iwahara H, Asakura Y, Katahira K, Tanaka M (2004) Prospect of hydrogen technology using proton-conducting ceramics. Solid State Ionics 168:299–310 Iwahara H, Asakura Y, Katahira K, Tanaka M (2004) Prospect of hydrogen technology using proton-conducting ceramics. Solid State Ionics 168:299–310
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobs A, Vangrunderbeek J, Beckers H, De Schumr F, Luyten J, Van Landschoot R, Schoonman J (1993) Hydrogen measuring probe for coal gasification processes. Fuel Process Technol 36:251–258 Jacobs A, Vangrunderbeek J, Beckers H, De Schumr F, Luyten J, Van Landschoot R, Schoonman J (1993) Hydrogen measuring probe for coal gasification processes. Fuel Process Technol 36:251–258
Zurück zum Zitat Jamnik J, Kamp B, Merkle R, Maier J (2002) Space charge influenced oxygen incorporation in oxides: in how far does it contribute to the drift of Taguchi sensors? Solid State Ionics 150:157–166 Jamnik J, Kamp B, Merkle R, Maier J (2002) Space charge influenced oxygen incorporation in oxides: in how far does it contribute to the drift of Taguchi sensors? Solid State Ionics 150:157–166
Zurück zum Zitat Jianping L, Yue W, Xiaoguang G, Qing M, Li W, Jinghong H (2000) H2S sensing properties of the SnO2-based thin films. Sens Actuators B 65:111–113 Jianping L, Yue W, Xiaoguang G, Qing M, Li W, Jinghong H (2000) H2S sensing properties of the SnO2-based thin films. Sens Actuators B 65:111–113
Zurück zum Zitat Jin CJ, Yamazaki T, Shirai Y, Yoshizawa T, Kikuta T, Nakatani N, Takeda H (2005) Dependence of NO2 gas sensitivity of WO3 sputtered films on film density. Thin Solid Films 474:255–260 Jin CJ, Yamazaki T, Shirai Y, Yoshizawa T, Kikuta T, Nakatani N, Takeda H (2005) Dependence of NO2 gas sensitivity of WO3 sputtered films on film density. Thin Solid Films 474:255–260
Zurück zum Zitat Jing Z, Wang Y, Wu S (2006) Preparation and gas sensing properties of pure and doped γ-Fe2O3 by an anhydrous solvent method. Sens Actuators B 113:177–181 Jing Z, Wang Y, Wu S (2006) Preparation and gas sensing properties of pure and doped γ-Fe2O3 by an anhydrous solvent method. Sens Actuators B 113:177–181
Zurück zum Zitat Jones TA, Firth JG, Mann B (1985) The effect of oxygen on the electrical conductivity of some metal oxides in inert and reducing atmospheres at high temperature. Sens Actuators 8:281–306 Jones TA, Firth JG, Mann B (1985) The effect of oxygen on the electrical conductivity of some metal oxides in inert and reducing atmospheres at high temperature. Sens Actuators 8:281–306
Zurück zum Zitat Jung SJ, Yanagida H (1996) The characterization of a CuO/ZnO heterocontact-type gas sensor having selectivity for CO gas. Sens Actuators B 37:55–60 Jung SJ, Yanagida H (1996) The characterization of a CuO/ZnO heterocontact-type gas sensor having selectivity for CO gas. Sens Actuators B 37:55–60
Zurück zum Zitat Kanazawa E, Sakai G, Shimanoe K, Kanmura Y, Teraoka Y, Miura N, Yamazoe N (2001) Metal oxide semiconductor N2O sensor for medical use. Sens Actuators B 77:72–77 Kanazawa E, Sakai G, Shimanoe K, Kanmura Y, Teraoka Y, Miura N, Yamazoe N (2001) Metal oxide semiconductor N2O sensor for medical use. Sens Actuators B 77:72–77
Zurück zum Zitat Kanda K, Maekawa T (2005) Development of a WO3 thick-film-based sensors for the detection of VOC. Sens Actuators B 108:97–101 Kanda K, Maekawa T (2005) Development of a WO3 thick-film-based sensors for the detection of VOC. Sens Actuators B 108:97–101
Zurück zum Zitat Katti VR, Debnath AK, Muthea KP, Kaur M, Dua AK, Gadkari SC, Gupta SK, Sahni VC (2003) Mechanism of drifts in H2S sensing properties of SnO2:CuO composite thin film sensors prepared by thermal evaporation. Sens Actuators B 96:245–252 Katti VR, Debnath AK, Muthea KP, Kaur M, Dua AK, Gadkari SC, Gupta SK, Sahni VC (2003) Mechanism of drifts in H2S sensing properties of SnO2:CuO composite thin film sensors prepared by thermal evaporation. Sens Actuators B 96:245–252
Zurück zum Zitat Kaur M, Jain N, Sharma K, Bhattacharya S, Mainak Roy M, Tyagi AK, Gupta SK, Yakhmia JV (2008) Room-temperature H2S gas sensing at ppb level by single crystal In2O3 whiskers. Sens Actuators B 133:456–461 Kaur M, Jain N, Sharma K, Bhattacharya S, Mainak Roy M, Tyagi AK, Gupta SK, Yakhmia JV (2008) Room-temperature H2S gas sensing at ppb level by single crystal In2O3 whiskers. Sens Actuators B 133:456–461
Zurück zum Zitat Kharton V, Naumovich EN, Yaremchenko AA, Marques FMB (2001) Research on the electrochemistry of oxygen ion conductors in the former Soviet Union. IV. Bismuth oxide-based ceramics. J Solid State Electrochem 5:160–187 Kharton V, Naumovich EN, Yaremchenko AA, Marques FMB (2001) Research on the electrochemistry of oxygen ion conductors in the former Soviet Union. IV. Bismuth oxide-based ceramics. J Solid State Electrochem 5:160–187
Zurück zum Zitat Kharton V, Marques F, Atkinson A (2004) Transport properties of solid oxide electrolyte ceramics: a brief review. Solid State Ionics 174:135–149 Kharton V, Marques F, Atkinson A (2004) Transport properties of solid oxide electrolyte ceramics: a brief review. Solid State Ionics 174:135–149
Zurück zum Zitat Kim DH, Yoon JY, Park HC, Kim KH (2000) CO2-sensing characteristics of SnO2 thick film by coating lanthanum oxide. Sens Actuators B 62:61–66 Kim DH, Yoon JY, Park HC, Kim KH (2000) CO2-sensing characteristics of SnO2 thick film by coating lanthanum oxide. Sens Actuators B 62:61–66
Zurück zum Zitat Kim YS, Ha S-C, Kim K, Yang H, Choi S-Y, Kim YT (2005) Room-temperature semiconductor gas sensor based on nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide nanorod film. Appl Phys Lett 86:213105 Kim YS, Ha S-C, Kim K, Yang H, Choi S-Y, Kim YT (2005) Room-temperature semiconductor gas sensor based on nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide nanorod film. Appl Phys Lett 86:213105
Zurück zum Zitat Kiriakidis G, Bender M, Katsarakis N, Gagaoudakis E, Hourdakis E, Doulofakis E, Cimalla V (2001) Ozone sensing properties of polycrystalline indium oxide films at room temperature. Physica Status Solidi A Appl Res 185(1):27–32 Kiriakidis G, Bender M, Katsarakis N, Gagaoudakis E, Hourdakis E, Doulofakis E, Cimalla V (2001) Ozone sensing properties of polycrystalline indium oxide films at room temperature. Physica Status Solidi A Appl Res 185(1):27–32
Zurück zum Zitat Knauth P, Tuller HL (1999) Electrical and defect thermodynamic properties of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. J Appl Phys 85:897–902 Knauth P, Tuller HL (1999) Electrical and defect thermodynamic properties of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. J Appl Phys 85:897–902
Zurück zum Zitat Kobayashi T, Haruta M, Sano H, Delmon B (1990) Optical detection of CO in air through catalytic chromism of metal-oxide thin films. In: Proceedings of the third international meeting on chemical sensors, Cleveland, pp 318–321 Kobayashi T, Haruta M, Sano H, Delmon B (1990) Optical detection of CO in air through catalytic chromism of metal-oxide thin films. In: Proceedings of the third international meeting on chemical sensors, Cleveland, pp 318–321
Zurück zum Zitat Kofstad P (1972) Nonstoichiometry, diffusion and electrical conductivity in binary metal oxides. Wiley, New York Kofstad P (1972) Nonstoichiometry, diffusion and electrical conductivity in binary metal oxides. Wiley, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Kohl D (1989) Surface processes in the detection of reducing gases with SnO2-based devices. Sens Actuators 18:71–113 Kohl D (1989) Surface processes in the detection of reducing gases with SnO2-based devices. Sens Actuators 18:71–113
Zurück zum Zitat Kong X, Li Y (2005) High sensitivity of CuO modified SnO2 nanoribbons to H2S at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 105:449–453 Kong X, Li Y (2005) High sensitivity of CuO modified SnO2 nanoribbons to H2S at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 105:449–453
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (2005) Gas response control through structural and chemical modification of metal oxides: state of the art and approaches. Sens Actuators B 107:209–232 Korotcenkov G (2005) Gas response control through structural and chemical modification of metal oxides: state of the art and approaches. Sens Actuators B 107:209–232
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (2007a) Metal oxides for solid state gas sensors. What determines our choice? Mater Sci Eng B 139:1–23 Korotcenkov G (2007a) Metal oxides for solid state gas sensors. What determines our choice? Mater Sci Eng B 139:1–23
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (2007b) Practical aspects in design of one-electrode semiconductor gas sensors: status report. Sens Actuators B 121:664–678 Korotcenkov G (2007b) Practical aspects in design of one-electrode semiconductor gas sensors: status report. Sens Actuators B 121:664–678
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (2008) The role of morphology and crystallographic structure of metal oxides in response of conductometric-type gas sensors. Mater Sci Eng R 61:1–39 Korotcenkov G (2008) The role of morphology and crystallographic structure of metal oxides in response of conductometric-type gas sensors. Mater Sci Eng R 61:1–39
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (ed) (2010) Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials, vols 1, 2. Momentum, New York Korotcenkov G (ed) (2010) Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials, vols 1, 2. Momentum, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (ed) (2011a) Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials, vol 3. Momentum, New York Korotcenkov G (ed) (2011a) Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials, vol 3. Momentum, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G (ed) (2011b) Chemical sensors: comprehensive sensor technologies, vols 4–6. Momentum, New York Korotcenkov G (ed) (2011b) Chemical sensors: comprehensive sensor technologies, vols 4–6. Momentum, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Han SD (2009) (Cu, Fe, Co and Ni)-doped SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis: doping influence on thermal stability of SnO2 film structure. Mater Chem Phys 113:756–763 Korotcenkov G, Han SD (2009) (Cu, Fe, Co and Ni)-doped SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis: doping influence on thermal stability of SnO2 film structure. Mater Chem Phys 113:756–763
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Stetter JR (2008) Comparative study of SnO2- and In2O3-based ozone sensors. ECS Trans 6(20):29–41 Korotcenkov G, Stetter JR (2008) Comparative study of SnO2- and In2O3-based ozone sensors. ECS Trans 6(20):29–41
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cerneavschi A, Ivanov M, Golovanov V, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004a) The influence of film structure on In2O3 gas response. Thin Solid Films 460:308–316 Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cerneavschi A, Ivanov M, Golovanov V, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004a) The influence of film structure on In2O3 gas response. Thin Solid Films 460:308–316
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cerneavschi A, Ivanov M, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004b) In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis: gas response to reducing (CO, H2) gases. Sens Actuators B 98:236–243 Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Cerneavschi A, Ivanov M, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004b) In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis: gas response to reducing (CO, H2) gases. Sens Actuators B 98:236–243
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Cerneavschi A, Brinzari V, Vasiliev A, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004c) In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis as a material for ozone gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 99:304–310 Korotcenkov G, Cerneavschi A, Brinzari V, Vasiliev A, Cornet A, Morante J, Cabot A, Arbiol J (2004c) In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis as a material for ozone gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 99:304–310
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Golovanov V, Cornet A, Brinzari V, Morante J, Ivanov M (2005a) Distinguishing feature of metal oxide films’ structural engineering for gas sensor application. J Phys Conf Ser (IOP) 15:256–261 Korotcenkov G, Golovanov V, Cornet A, Brinzari V, Morante J, Ivanov M (2005a) Distinguishing feature of metal oxide films’ structural engineering for gas sensor application. J Phys Conf Ser (IOP) 15:256–261
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Ivanov M, Cerneavschi A, Rodriguez J, Cirera A, Cornet A, Morante J (2005b) Structural stability of In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis during thermal annealing. Thin Solid Films 479:38–51 Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Ivanov M, Cerneavschi A, Rodriguez J, Cirera A, Cornet A, Morante J (2005b) Structural stability of In2O3 films deposited by spray pyrolysis during thermal annealing. Thin Solid Films 479:38–51
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Blinov I, Stetter JR (2007a) Kinetics of indium oxide-based thin film gas sensor response: the role of “redox” and adsorption/desorption processes in gas sensing effects. Thin Solid Films 515:3987–3996 Korotcenkov G, Blinov I, Stetter JR (2007a) Kinetics of indium oxide-based thin film gas sensor response: the role of “redox” and adsorption/desorption processes in gas sensing effects. Thin Solid Films 515:3987–3996
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Stetter JR, Blinov I, Blaja V (2007b) The nature of processes controlling the kinetics of indium oxide-based thin film gas sensor response. Sens Actuators B 128:51–63 Korotcenkov G, Brinzari V, Stetter JR, Blinov I, Blaja V (2007b) The nature of processes controlling the kinetics of indium oxide-based thin film gas sensor response. Sens Actuators B 128:51–63
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Blinov I, Ivanov M, Stetter JR (2007c) Ozone sensors on the base of SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis. Sens Actuators B 120:679–686 Korotcenkov G, Blinov I, Ivanov M, Stetter JR (2007c) Ozone sensors on the base of SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis. Sens Actuators B 120:679–686
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Han SD, Cho BK, Brinzari V (2009a) Grain size effects in sensor response of nanostructured SnO2- and In2O3-based conductometric gas sensor. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 34:1–17 Korotcenkov G, Han SD, Cho BK, Brinzari V (2009a) Grain size effects in sensor response of nanostructured SnO2- and In2O3-based conductometric gas sensor. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 34:1–17
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Cho BK, Gulina L, Tolstoy V (2009b) Ozone sensors based on SnO2 films modified by SnO2–Au nanocomposites synthesized by the SILD method. Sens Actuators B 138:512–517 Korotcenkov G, Cho BK, Gulina L, Tolstoy V (2009b) Ozone sensors based on SnO2 films modified by SnO2–Au nanocomposites synthesized by the SILD method. Sens Actuators B 138:512–517
Zurück zum Zitat Korotcenkov G, Han SD, Stetter JR (2009c) Review of electrochemical hydrogen sensors. Chem Rev 109:1402–1433 Korotcenkov G, Han SD, Stetter JR (2009c) Review of electrochemical hydrogen sensors. Chem Rev 109:1402–1433
Zurück zum Zitat Kreuer KD (2003) Proton-conducting oxides. Annu Rev Mater Res 33:333–359 Kreuer KD (2003) Proton-conducting oxides. Annu Rev Mater Res 33:333–359
Zurück zum Zitat Krilov OV, Kisilev VF (1981) Adsorption and catalysis on the transition metals and their oxides. Chemistry, Moscow Krilov OV, Kisilev VF (1981) Adsorption and catalysis on the transition metals and their oxides. Chemistry, Moscow
Zurück zum Zitat Kröger FA, Vink HJ (1956) Relations between concentrations of imperfections in crystalline solids. In: Seitz F, Turnbull D (eds) Solid state physics, vol 3. Academic, New York, pp 307–435 Kröger FA, Vink HJ (1956) Relations between concentrations of imperfections in crystalline solids. In: Seitz F, Turnbull D (eds) Solid state physics, vol 3. Academic, New York, pp 307–435
Zurück zum Zitat Kulkarni D, Wachs IE (2002) Isopropanol oxidation by pure metal oxide catalysts: number of active surface sites and turnover frequencies. Appl Catal A 237:121–137 Kulkarni D, Wachs IE (2002) Isopropanol oxidation by pure metal oxide catalysts: number of active surface sites and turnover frequencies. Appl Catal A 237:121–137
Zurück zum Zitat Kulwicki BM (1991) Humidity sensors. J Am Ceram Soc 74:697–708 Kulwicki BM (1991) Humidity sensors. J Am Ceram Soc 74:697–708
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar RV, Iwahara H (2000) Solid electrolytes. In: Gschneidner KA Jr, Eyring L (eds) Handbook on the physics and chemistry of rare earths, vol 28. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 131–185 Kumar RV, Iwahara H (2000) Solid electrolytes. In: Gschneidner KA Jr, Eyring L (eds) Handbook on the physics and chemistry of rare earths, vol 28. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 131–185
Zurück zum Zitat Kwon S, Cann DP (2005) Capacitive response of doped CuO/ZnO heterocontacts to hydrogen. Sens Lett 3(3):258–262 Kwon S, Cann DP (2005) Capacitive response of doped CuO/ZnO heterocontacts to hydrogen. Sens Lett 3(3):258–262
Zurück zum Zitat Lacorre P, Goutenoire F, Bohnke O, Retoux R, Laligantet Y (2000) Designing fast oxide-ion conductors based on La2Mo2O9. Nature 404:856–858 Lacorre P, Goutenoire F, Bohnke O, Retoux R, Laligantet Y (2000) Designing fast oxide-ion conductors based on La2Mo2O9. Nature 404:856–858
Zurück zum Zitat Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1992) Comparison of transient response of exhaust-gas sensors based on thin films of selected metal oxides. Sens Actuators B 7:787–791 Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1992) Comparison of transient response of exhaust-gas sensors based on thin films of selected metal oxides. Sens Actuators B 7:787–791
Zurück zum Zitat Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1995a) Carbon-monoxide sensors based on thin films of BaSnO3. Sens Actuators B 24–25:657–660 Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1995a) Carbon-monoxide sensors based on thin films of BaSnO3. Sens Actuators B 24–25:657–660
Zurück zum Zitat Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1995b) Nitrogen oxide sensors based on thin films of BaSnO3. Sens Actuators B 26–27:97–98 Lampe U, Gerblinger J, Meixner H (1995b) Nitrogen oxide sensors based on thin films of BaSnO3. Sens Actuators B 26–27:97–98
Zurück zum Zitat Lample U, Fleischer M, Reitmeier N, Meixner H, McMonagle JB, Marsh A (1996) New metal oxide sensors: materials and properties. In: Sensors update, Chap 1, vol 2. Wiley, New York, pp 1–36 Lample U, Fleischer M, Reitmeier N, Meixner H, McMonagle JB, Marsh A (1996) New metal oxide sensors: materials and properties. In: Sensors update, Chap 1, vol 2. Wiley, New York, pp 1–36
Zurück zum Zitat Lecomte J, Loup JP, Bosser G, Hervieu M, Raveau B (1984) Defect structure and electrical conductivity of niobates with related perovskite-type structures. Solid State Ionics 12:113–118 Lecomte J, Loup JP, Bosser G, Hervieu M, Raveau B (1984) Defect structure and electrical conductivity of niobates with related perovskite-type structures. Solid State Ionics 12:113–118
Zurück zum Zitat Lee GG, Kang S-JK (2005) Formation of large pores and their effect on electrical properties of SnO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 107:392–396 Lee GG, Kang S-JK (2005) Formation of large pores and their effect on electrical properties of SnO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 107:392–396
Zurück zum Zitat Lee M-S, Meyer J-U (2000) A new process for fabricating CO2-sensing layers based on BaTiO3 and additives. Sens Actuators B 68:293–299 Lee M-S, Meyer J-U (2000) A new process for fabricating CO2-sensing layers based on BaTiO3 and additives. Sens Actuators B 68:293–299
Zurück zum Zitat Li JG, Kawi S (1998) Synthesis, characterization and sensing application of novel semiconductor oxides. Talanta 45:759–766 Li JG, Kawi S (1998) Synthesis, characterization and sensing application of novel semiconductor oxides. Talanta 45:759–766
Zurück zum Zitat Li GJ, Zhang XH, Kawi S (1999) Relationships between sensitivity, catalytic activity and surface areas of SnO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 60:64–70 Li GJ, Zhang XH, Kawi S (1999) Relationships between sensitivity, catalytic activity and surface areas of SnO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 60:64–70
Zurück zum Zitat Liang KC, Nowick AS (1993) High-temperature protonic conduction in mixed perovskite ceramics. Solid State Ionics 61:77–81 Liang KC, Nowick AS (1993) High-temperature protonic conduction in mixed perovskite ceramics. Solid State Ionics 61:77–81
Zurück zum Zitat Liang KC, Du Y, Nowick AS (1994) Fast high-temperature proton transport in nonstoichiometric mixed perovskites. Solid State Ionics 69:117–120 Liang KC, Du Y, Nowick AS (1994) Fast high-temperature proton transport in nonstoichiometric mixed perovskites. Solid State Ionics 69:117–120
Zurück zum Zitat Liangyuan C, Shouli B, Guojun Z, Dianqing L, Aifan C, Liu CC (2008) Synthesis of ZnO–SnO2 nanocomposites by microemulsion and sensing properties for NO2. Sens Actuators B 134:360–366 Liangyuan C, Shouli B, Guojun Z, Dianqing L, Aifan C, Liu CC (2008) Synthesis of ZnO–SnO2 nanocomposites by microemulsion and sensing properties for NO2. Sens Actuators B 134:360–366
Zurück zum Zitat Lim SK, Hwang S-H, Chang D, Kim S (2010) Preparation of mesoporous In2O3 nanofibers by electrospinning and their application as a CO gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 149:28–33 Lim SK, Hwang S-H, Chang D, Kim S (2010) Preparation of mesoporous In2O3 nanofibers by electrospinning and their application as a CO gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 149:28–33
Zurück zum Zitat Lin S, Li D, Wu J, Li X, Akbar SA (2011) A selective room temperature formaldehyde gas sensor using TiO2 nanotube arrays. Sens Actuators B 156:505–509 Lin S, Li D, Wu J, Li X, Akbar SA (2011) A selective room temperature formaldehyde gas sensor using TiO2 nanotube arrays. Sens Actuators B 156:505–509
Zurück zum Zitat Lin Q, Li Y, Yang M (2012) Tin oxide/graphene composite fabricated via a hydrothermal method for gas sensors working at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 173:139–147 Lin Q, Li Y, Yang M (2012) Tin oxide/graphene composite fabricated via a hydrothermal method for gas sensors working at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 173:139–147
Zurück zum Zitat Ling Z, Leach C, Freer R (2001) Heterojunction gas sensors for environmental NO2 and CO2 monitoring. J Eur Ceram Soc 21(10–11):1977–1980 Ling Z, Leach C, Freer R (2001) Heterojunction gas sensors for environmental NO2 and CO2 monitoring. J Eur Ceram Soc 21(10–11):1977–1980
Zurück zum Zitat Litzelman SJ, Rothschild A, Tuller HL (2005) The electrical properties and stability of SrTi0.65Fe0.35O3−δ thin films for automotive oxygen sensor applications. Sens Actuators B 108:231–237 Litzelman SJ, Rothschild A, Tuller HL (2005) The electrical properties and stability of SrTi0.65Fe0.35O3−δ thin films for automotive oxygen sensor applications. Sens Actuators B 108:231–237
Zurück zum Zitat Liu P, Lee S-H, Tracy CE, Turner JA, Pitts JR, Deb SK (2003) Electrochromic and chemochromic performance of mesoporous thin-film vanadium oxide. Solid State Ionics 165:223–228 Liu P, Lee S-H, Tracy CE, Turner JA, Pitts JR, Deb SK (2003) Electrochromic and chemochromic performance of mesoporous thin-film vanadium oxide. Solid State Ionics 165:223–228
Zurück zum Zitat Liu RQ, Xie YH, Wang JD, Li ZJ, Wang BH (2006) Synthesis of ammonia at atmospheric pressure with Ce0.8M0.2O2-delta (M=La, Y, Gd, Sm) and their proton conduction at intermediate temperature. Solid State Ionics 177:73–76 Liu RQ, Xie YH, Wang JD, Li ZJ, Wang BH (2006) Synthesis of ammonia at atmospheric pressure with Ce0.8M0.2O2-delta (M=La, Y, Gd, Sm) and their proton conduction at intermediate temperature. Solid State Ionics 177:73–76
Zurück zum Zitat Logothetis EM (1980) Resistive-type exhaust gas sensors. Ceram Eng Sci Proc 2:281–301 Logothetis EM (1980) Resistive-type exhaust gas sensors. Ceram Eng Sci Proc 2:281–301
Zurück zum Zitat Lopez-Gandara C, Ramos FM, Cirera A (2009) YSZ-based oxygen sensors and the use of nanomaterials: a review from classical models to current trends. J Sens 2009:258489 Lopez-Gandara C, Ramos FM, Cirera A (2009) YSZ-based oxygen sensors and the use of nanomaterials: a review from classical models to current trends. J Sens 2009:258489
Zurück zum Zitat Lu G, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1996a) High temperature hydrogen sensor based on stabilized zirconia and a metal oxide electrode. Sens Actuators B 35:130–135 Lu G, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1996a) High temperature hydrogen sensor based on stabilized zirconia and a metal oxide electrode. Sens Actuators B 35:130–135
Zurück zum Zitat Lu G, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1996b) Mixed potential hydrogen sensor combining oxide ion conductor with oxide electrode. J Electrochem Soc 143:L154–L155 Lu G, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1996b) Mixed potential hydrogen sensor combining oxide ion conductor with oxide electrode. J Electrochem Soc 143:L154–L155
Zurück zum Zitat Lu G, Xu J, Sun J, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Liu F (2012) UV-enhanced room temperature NO2 sensor using ZnO nanorods modified with SnO2 nanoparticles. Sens Actuators B 162:82–88 Lu G, Xu J, Sun J, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Liu F (2012) UV-enhanced room temperature NO2 sensor using ZnO nanorods modified with SnO2 nanoparticles. Sens Actuators B 162:82–88
Zurück zum Zitat Lupan O, Ursaki VV, Chai G, Chow L, Emelchenko GA, Tiginyanu IM, Gruzintsev AN, Redkin AN (2010) Selective hydrogen gas nanosensor using individual ZnO nanowire with fast response at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 144:56–66 Lupan O, Ursaki VV, Chai G, Chow L, Emelchenko GA, Tiginyanu IM, Gruzintsev AN, Redkin AN (2010) Selective hydrogen gas nanosensor using individual ZnO nanowire with fast response at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 144:56–66
Zurück zum Zitat Luyten J, De Schutter F, Schram J, Schoonman J (1991) Chemical and electrical properties of Yb-doped strontium cerates in coal combustion atmospheres. Solid State Ionics 46:117–120 Luyten J, De Schutter F, Schram J, Schoonman J (1991) Chemical and electrical properties of Yb-doped strontium cerates in coal combustion atmospheres. Solid State Ionics 46:117–120
Zurück zum Zitat Manzanares M, Prades JD, Cirera A, Andreu T, Hernández-Ramírez F, Jiménez-Rodríguez R, Romano-Rodríguez A, Morante JR (2009) Room temperature conductometric gas sensors based on metal oxide nanowires and nanocrystals. In: Proceedings of the Spanish conference on electron devices, 11–13 Feb 2009, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, pp 320–322 Manzanares M, Prades JD, Cirera A, Andreu T, Hernández-Ramírez F, Jiménez-Rodríguez R, Romano-Rodríguez A, Morante JR (2009) Room temperature conductometric gas sensors based on metal oxide nanowires and nanocrystals. In: Proceedings of the Spanish conference on electron devices, 11–13 Feb 2009, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, pp 320–322
Zurück zum Zitat Marnellos G, Stoukides M (1998) Ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure. Science 282:98–100 Marnellos G, Stoukides M (1998) Ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure. Science 282:98–100
Zurück zum Zitat Marques FMB, Wirtz GP (1991) Electrical properties of ceria-doped yttria. J Am Ceram Soc 74:598–605 Marques FMB, Wirtz GP (1991) Electrical properties of ceria-doped yttria. J Am Ceram Soc 74:598–605
Zurück zum Zitat Marques FMB, Kharton VV, Naumovich EN, Shaula AL, Kovalevsky AV, Yaremchenko AA (2006) Oxygen ion conductors for fuel cells and membranes: selected developments. Solid State Ionics 177:1697–1703 Marques FMB, Kharton VV, Naumovich EN, Shaula AL, Kovalevsky AV, Yaremchenko AA (2006) Oxygen ion conductors for fuel cells and membranes: selected developments. Solid State Ionics 177:1697–1703
Zurück zum Zitat Marsal A, Cornet A, Morante JR (2003a) Study of the CO and humidity interference in La doped tin oxide CO2 gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 94:324–329 Marsal A, Cornet A, Morante JR (2003a) Study of the CO and humidity interference in La doped tin oxide CO2 gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 94:324–329
Zurück zum Zitat Marsal A, Dezanneau G, Cornet A, Morante JR (2003b) Study of the CO and humidity interference in La doped tin oxide CO2 gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 95:266–270 Marsal A, Dezanneau G, Cornet A, Morante JR (2003b) Study of the CO and humidity interference in La doped tin oxide CO2 gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 95:266–270
Zurück zum Zitat Martin LP, Glass RS (2005) Hydrogen sensor based on YSZ electrolyte and tin doped indium oxide electrode. J Electrochem Soc 152:H43–H47 Martin LP, Glass RS (2005) Hydrogen sensor based on YSZ electrolyte and tin doped indium oxide electrode. J Electrochem Soc 152:H43–H47
Zurück zum Zitat Matko I, Gaidi M, Chenevier B, Charai A, Saikaly W, Labeau M (2002) Pt doping of SnO2 thin films. J Electrochem Soc 149:H153–H158 Matko I, Gaidi M, Chenevier B, Charai A, Saikaly W, Labeau M (2002) Pt doping of SnO2 thin films. J Electrochem Soc 149:H153–H158
Zurück zum Zitat McAleer JF, Moseley PT, Bourke P, Norris JO, Stephan R (1985) Tin dioxide gas sensors: use of the Seebeck effect. Sens Actuators 8:251–256 McAleer JF, Moseley PT, Bourke P, Norris JO, Stephan R (1985) Tin dioxide gas sensors: use of the Seebeck effect. Sens Actuators 8:251–256
Zurück zum Zitat McAleer JF, Moseley PT, Norris JO, Williams DE (1987) Tin dioxide gas sensors: I. Aspects of the surface chemistry revealed by electrical conductance variations. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans I 83:1323 McAleer JF, Moseley PT, Norris JO, Williams DE (1987) Tin dioxide gas sensors: I. Aspects of the surface chemistry revealed by electrical conductance variations. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans I 83:1323
Zurück zum Zitat Meier DC, Semancik S, Button B, Strelcov E, Kolmakov A (2007a) Coupling nanowire chemiresistors with MEMS microhotplate gas sensing platforms. Appl Phys Lett 91:063118 Meier DC, Semancik S, Button B, Strelcov E, Kolmakov A (2007a) Coupling nanowire chemiresistors with MEMS microhotplate gas sensing platforms. Appl Phys Lett 91:063118
Zurück zum Zitat Meier DC, Evju JK, Boger Z, Raman B, Benkstein KD, Martinez CJ, Montgomery CB, Semancik S (2007b) The potential for and challenges of detecting chemical hazards with temperature-programmed microsensors. Sens Actuators B 121:282–294 Meier DC, Evju JK, Boger Z, Raman B, Benkstein KD, Martinez CJ, Montgomery CB, Semancik S (2007b) The potential for and challenges of detecting chemical hazards with temperature-programmed microsensors. Sens Actuators B 121:282–294
Zurück zum Zitat Menesklou W, Schreiner H-J, Hardtl KH, Tiffee EI (1999) High temperature oxygen sensors based on doped SrTiO3. Sens Actuators B 59:184–189 Menesklou W, Schreiner H-J, Hardtl KH, Tiffee EI (1999) High temperature oxygen sensors based on doped SrTiO3. Sens Actuators B 59:184–189
Zurück zum Zitat Mishra S, Ghanshyam C, Ram N, Bajpai RP, Bedi RK (2004) Detection mechanism of metal oxide gas sensor under UV radiation. Sens Actuators B 97:387–390 Mishra S, Ghanshyam C, Ram N, Bajpai RP, Bedi RK (2004) Detection mechanism of metal oxide gas sensor under UV radiation. Sens Actuators B 97:387–390
Zurück zum Zitat Mitterdorfer A, Gauckler LJ (1999) Identification of the reaction mechanism of the Pt, O2(g)|yttria-stabilized zirconia system: Part I: General framework, modelling, and structural investigation. Solid State Ionics 117:187–202 Mitterdorfer A, Gauckler LJ (1999) Identification of the reaction mechanism of the Pt, O2(g)|yttria-stabilized zirconia system: Part I: General framework, modelling, and structural investigation. Solid State Ionics 117:187–202
Zurück zum Zitat Miura N, Yamazoe N (1998) High-temperature potentiometric/amperometric NOx sensors combining stabilized zirconia with mixed-metal oxide electrode. Sens Actuators B 52:169–178 Miura N, Yamazoe N (1998) High-temperature potentiometric/amperometric NOx sensors combining stabilized zirconia with mixed-metal oxide electrode. Sens Actuators B 52:169–178
Zurück zum Zitat Miura N, Harada T, Yamazoe N (1989) Sensing characteristics and working mechanism of four-probe type solid-state hydrogen sensor using proton conductor. J Electrochem Soc 136:1215–1219 Miura N, Harada T, Yamazoe N (1989) Sensing characteristics and working mechanism of four-probe type solid-state hydrogen sensor using proton conductor. J Electrochem Soc 136:1215–1219
Zurück zum Zitat Miura N, Raisen T, Lu G, Yamazoe N (1998) Highly selective CO sensor using stabilized zirconia and a couple of oxide electrodes. Sens Actuators B 47:84–91 Miura N, Raisen T, Lu G, Yamazoe N (1998) Highly selective CO sensor using stabilized zirconia and a couple of oxide electrodes. Sens Actuators B 47:84–91
Zurück zum Zitat Miura N, Lu G, Yamazoe N (2000) Progress in mixed-potential type devices based on solid electrolyte for sensing redox gases. Solid State Ionics 136–137:533–542 Miura N, Lu G, Yamazoe N (2000) Progress in mixed-potential type devices based on solid electrolyte for sensing redox gases. Solid State Ionics 136–137:533–542
Zurück zum Zitat Mizuno N, Yoshioka T, Kato K, Iwamoto M (1993) CO2-sensing characteristics of SnO2 element modified by La2O3. Sens Actuators B 13:473–476 Mizuno N, Yoshioka T, Kato K, Iwamoto M (1993) CO2-sensing characteristics of SnO2 element modified by La2O3. Sens Actuators B 13:473–476
Zurück zum Zitat Mohajeri N, Muradov N, Bokerman G, T-Raissi A, Captain J, Peterson B, Whitten M (2009) Gas permeable chemochromic compositions for hydrogen sensing. NASA/CR – 2009–215441, pp 20–148 Mohajeri N, Muradov N, Bokerman G, T-Raissi A, Captain J, Peterson B, Whitten M (2009) Gas permeable chemochromic compositions for hydrogen sensing. NASA/CR – 2009–215441, pp 20–148
Zurück zum Zitat Moos R, Gnudi A, Härdtl KH (1995) Thermopower of Sr1-xLaxTiO3 ceramics. J Appl Phys 78:5042–5047 Moos R, Gnudi A, Härdtl KH (1995) Thermopower of Sr1-xLaxTiO3 ceramics. J Appl Phys 78:5042–5047
Zurück zum Zitat Moos R, Sahner K, Fleischer M, Guth U, Barsan N, Weimar U (2009) Solid state gas sensor research in Germany – a status report. Sensors 9:4323–4365 Moos R, Sahner K, Fleischer M, Guth U, Barsan N, Weimar U (2009) Solid state gas sensor research in Germany – a status report. Sensors 9:4323–4365
Zurück zum Zitat Moos R, Izu N, Rettig F, Reiß S, Shin W, Matsubara I (2011) Resistive oxygen gas sensors for harsh environments. Sensors 11:3439–3465 Moos R, Izu N, Rettig F, Reiß S, Shin W, Matsubara I (2011) Resistive oxygen gas sensors for harsh environments. Sensors 11:3439–3465
Zurück zum Zitat Mor GK, Carvalho MA, Varghese OK, Pishko MV, Grimes CA (2004) A room-temperature TiO2-nanotube hydrogen sensor able to self-clean photoactively from environmental contamination. J Mater Res 19:628 Mor GK, Carvalho MA, Varghese OK, Pishko MV, Grimes CA (2004) A room-temperature TiO2-nanotube hydrogen sensor able to self-clean photoactively from environmental contamination. J Mater Res 19:628
Zurück zum Zitat Morrison SR (1982) Chemisorption on nonmetalic surfaces. In: Anderson JR, Boudart M (eds) Catalysis science and technology. Springer, Berlin Morrison SR (1982) Chemisorption on nonmetalic surfaces. In: Anderson JR, Boudart M (eds) Catalysis science and technology. Springer, Berlin
Zurück zum Zitat Morrison SR (1987) Mechanism of semiconductor gas sensor operation. Sens Actuators 11:283–287 Morrison SR (1987) Mechanism of semiconductor gas sensor operation. Sens Actuators 11:283–287
Zurück zum Zitat Moseley PT (1992) Materials selection for semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 6:149–156 Moseley PT (1992) Materials selection for semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 6:149–156
Zurück zum Zitat Moseley PT, Crocker AJ (1996) Sensor materials. IOP Publishing, Bristol Moseley PT, Crocker AJ (1996) Sensor materials. IOP Publishing, Bristol
Zurück zum Zitat Moseley P, Williams DE (1989) Gas sensors based on oxides of early transition metals. Polyhedron 8:1615–1618 Moseley P, Williams DE (1989) Gas sensors based on oxides of early transition metals. Polyhedron 8:1615–1618
Zurück zum Zitat Mosley PT, Norris J, Williams DE (eds) (1991) Techniques and mechanisms in gas sensing. Adam Hilger, New York Mosley PT, Norris J, Williams DE (eds) (1991) Techniques and mechanisms in gas sensing. Adam Hilger, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Moulson AJ, Herbert JM (1990) Electroceramics materials, properties, applications. Chapman and Hall, London Moulson AJ, Herbert JM (1990) Electroceramics materials, properties, applications. Chapman and Hall, London
Zurück zum Zitat Mukundan R, Brosha E, Brown D, Garzon F (1999) Ceria-electrolyte-based mixed potential sensors for the detection of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Electrochem Soc Lett 2(8):412–414 Mukundan R, Brosha E, Brown D, Garzon F (1999) Ceria-electrolyte-based mixed potential sensors for the detection of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Electrochem Soc Lett 2(8):412–414
Zurück zum Zitat Mulla IS, Ramgir NS, Hwang YK, Chang J-S (2004) Semiconductor tin oxide gas sensors: from bulk to thin films. J Ind Eng Chem 10(7):1242–1256 Mulla IS, Ramgir NS, Hwang YK, Chang J-S (2004) Semiconductor tin oxide gas sensors: from bulk to thin films. J Ind Eng Chem 10(7):1242–1256
Zurück zum Zitat Murch GE, Nowick AS (eds) (1984) Diffusion in crystalline solids. Academic, New York Murch GE, Nowick AS (eds) (1984) Diffusion in crystalline solids. Academic, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Nakamura Y, Ando A, Tsurutani T, Okada O, Miyayama M, Koumoto K, Yanagida H (1986) Gas sensitivity of CuO/ZnO hetero-contact. Chem Lett 1986:413–416 Nakamura Y, Ando A, Tsurutani T, Okada O, Miyayama M, Koumoto K, Yanagida H (1986) Gas sensitivity of CuO/ZnO hetero-contact. Chem Lett 1986:413–416
Zurück zum Zitat Nakamura Y, Yoshioka H, Miyayama M, Yanagida H (1990) Selective CO gas sensing mechanism with CuO/ZnO heterocontact. J Electrochem Soc 137:940–943 Nakamura Y, Yoshioka H, Miyayama M, Yanagida H (1990) Selective CO gas sensing mechanism with CuO/ZnO heterocontact. J Electrochem Soc 137:940–943
Zurück zum Zitat Nakayama S, Sakamoto M (1998) Electrical properties of new type high oxide ionic conductor RE10Si6O27 (RE = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy,). J Eur Ceram Soc 18:1413–1418 Nakayama S, Sakamoto M (1998) Electrical properties of new type high oxide ionic conductor RE10Si6O27 (RE = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy,). J Eur Ceram Soc 18:1413–1418
Zurück zum Zitat Nigara Y, Mizusaki J, Kawamura K, Kawada T, Ishigame M (1998) Hydrogen permeability in (CeO2)(0.9)(CaO)(0.1) at high temperatures. Solid State Ionics 113:347–354 Nigara Y, Mizusaki J, Kawamura K, Kawada T, Ishigame M (1998) Hydrogen permeability in (CeO2)(0.9)(CaO)(0.1) at high temperatures. Solid State Ionics 113:347–354
Zurück zum Zitat Nishibori M, Tajima K, Shin W, Izu N, Itoh T, Matsubara I (2006) CO oxidation catalyst of Au-TiO2 on the thermoelectric gas sensor. J Ceram Soc Jpn 115:34–41 Nishibori M, Tajima K, Shin W, Izu N, Itoh T, Matsubara I (2006) CO oxidation catalyst of Au-TiO2 on the thermoelectric gas sensor. J Ceram Soc Jpn 115:34–41
Zurück zum Zitat Nishimura R, Toba K, Yamakawa K (1996) The development of a ceramic sensor for the prediction of hydrogen attack. Corros Sci 38:611–621 Nishimura R, Toba K, Yamakawa K (1996) The development of a ceramic sensor for the prediction of hydrogen attack. Corros Sci 38:611–621
Zurück zum Zitat Nowick AS, Du Y, Liang KC (1999) Some factors that determine proton conductivity in nonstoichiometric complex perovskites. Solid State Ionics 125:303–311 Nowick AS, Du Y, Liang KC (1999) Some factors that determine proton conductivity in nonstoichiometric complex perovskites. Solid State Ionics 125:303–311
Zurück zum Zitat Oelerich W, Klassen T, Bormann R (2001) Metal oxides as catalysts for improved hydrogen sorption in nanocrystalline Mg-based materials. J Alloys Compd 315:237–242 Oelerich W, Klassen T, Bormann R (2001) Metal oxides as catalysts for improved hydrogen sorption in nanocrystalline Mg-based materials. J Alloys Compd 315:237–242
Zurück zum Zitat Ogawa H, Nishikawa M, Abe A (1982) Hall measurement studies and an electrical conduction model of tin oxide ultrafine particle films. J Appl Phys 53:4448–4455 Ogawa H, Nishikawa M, Abe A (1982) Hall measurement studies and an electrical conduction model of tin oxide ultrafine particle films. J Appl Phys 53:4448–4455
Zurück zum Zitat Okamura K, Ishiji T, Iwaki M, Suzuki Y, Takahashi K (2007) Electrochemical gas sensor using a novel gas permeable electrode modified by ion implantation. Surf Coat Technol 201:8116–8119 Okamura K, Ishiji T, Iwaki M, Suzuki Y, Takahashi K (2007) Electrochemical gas sensor using a novel gas permeable electrode modified by ion implantation. Surf Coat Technol 201:8116–8119
Zurück zum Zitat Oprea A, Courbat J, Bârsan N, Briand D, de Rooij NF, Weimar U (2009) Temperature, humidity and gas sensors integrated on plastic foil for low power applications. Sens Actuators B 140:227–232 Oprea A, Courbat J, Bârsan N, Briand D, de Rooij NF, Weimar U (2009) Temperature, humidity and gas sensors integrated on plastic foil for low power applications. Sens Actuators B 140:227–232
Zurück zum Zitat Park CO, Akbar SA (2003) Ceramics for chemical sensing. J Mater Sci 38:4611–4637 Park CO, Akbar SA (2003) Ceramics for chemical sensing. J Mater Sci 38:4611–4637
Zurück zum Zitat Park SS, Mackenzie JD (1996) Thickness and microstructure effect on alcohol sensing of tin oxide thin films. Thin Solid Films 274:154–159 Park SS, Mackenzie JD (1996) Thickness and microstructure effect on alcohol sensing of tin oxide thin films. Thin Solid Films 274:154–159
Zurück zum Zitat Park CO, Akbar SA, Weppner W (2003) Ceramic electrolytes and electrochemical sensors. J Mater Sci 38:4639–4660 Park CO, Akbar SA, Weppner W (2003) Ceramic electrolytes and electrochemical sensors. J Mater Sci 38:4639–4660
Zurück zum Zitat Park CO, Fergus JW, Miura N, Park J, Choi A (2009) Solid-state electrochemical gas sensors. Ionics 15:261–284 Park CO, Fergus JW, Miura N, Park J, Choi A (2009) Solid-state electrochemical gas sensors. Ionics 15:261–284
Zurück zum Zitat Patil LA (2009) Fe2O3 - ZnO based gas sensors. Sens Transducers J 104(5):68–75 Patil LA (2009) Fe2O3 - ZnO based gas sensors. Sens Transducers J 104(5):68–75
Zurück zum Zitat Paulose M, Varghese OK, Mor GK, Grimes CA, Ong KG (2006) Unprecedented ultra-high hydrogen gas sensitivity in undoped titania nanotubes. Nanotechnology 17:398–402 Paulose M, Varghese OK, Mor GK, Grimes CA, Ong KG (2006) Unprecedented ultra-high hydrogen gas sensitivity in undoped titania nanotubes. Nanotechnology 17:398–402
Zurück zum Zitat Pavelko RG, Vasiliev AA, Llobet E, Vilanova X, Barrabés N, Medina F, Sevastyanov VG (2009) Comparative study of nanocrystalline SnO2 materials for gas sensor application: thermal stability and catalytic activity. Sens Actuators B 137:637–643 Pavelko RG, Vasiliev AA, Llobet E, Vilanova X, Barrabés N, Medina F, Sevastyanov VG (2009) Comparative study of nanocrystalline SnO2 materials for gas sensor application: thermal stability and catalytic activity. Sens Actuators B 137:637–643
Zurück zum Zitat Peng L, Xie TF, Yang M, Xu D, Pang S, Wang DJ (2008) Light induced enhancing gas sensitivity of copper-doped zinc oxide at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 131:660–664 Peng L, Xie TF, Yang M, Xu D, Pang S, Wang DJ (2008) Light induced enhancing gas sensitivity of copper-doped zinc oxide at room temperature. Sens Actuators B 131:660–664
Zurück zum Zitat Pijolat C (1986) Etude des proprietes physico-chimiques et des proprietes electriques du dioxyde d’etain en fonction de l’atmosphere gazeuse environnante. Application a la detection selective des gaz. PhD Thesis, l’Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble Pijolat C (1986) Etude des proprietes physico-chimiques et des proprietes electriques du dioxyde d’etain en fonction de l’atmosphere gazeuse environnante. Application a la detection selective des gaz. PhD Thesis, l’Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble
Zurück zum Zitat Pijolat C, Viricelle JP, Tournier G, Montment P (2006) Application of membranes and filtering films for gas sensors improvements. Thin Solid Films 490:7–16 Pijolat C, Viricelle JP, Tournier G, Montment P (2006) Application of membranes and filtering films for gas sensors improvements. Thin Solid Films 490:7–16
Zurück zum Zitat Pitts JR (2002) Detecting hydrogen with chemochromic thin films. Ind Physicist (AIP) Forum June/July:31 Pitts JR (2002) Detecting hydrogen with chemochromic thin films. Ind Physicist (AIP) Forum June/July:31
Zurück zum Zitat Polla DL, White RM, Muller RS (1985) Integrated chemical-reaction sensor. In: Digest of technical papers of TRANSDUCERS ’85. 1985 International conference on solid-state sensors and actuators, 11–14 June 1985, Philadelphia, pp 33–36 Polla DL, White RM, Muller RS (1985) Integrated chemical-reaction sensor. In: Digest of technical papers of TRANSDUCERS ’85. 1985 International conference on solid-state sensors and actuators, 11–14 June 1985, Philadelphia, pp 33–36
Zurück zum Zitat Prades JD, Jimenes-Diaz R, Hernandez-Ramirez F, Fernandez-Romero L, Andreu T, Cirera A, Romano-Rodriguez A, Cornet A, Morante JR, Barth S, Mathur S (2008) Toward a systematic understanding of photodetectors based on individual metal oxide nanowires. J Phys Chem C 112:14639–14644 Prades JD, Jimenes-Diaz R, Hernandez-Ramirez F, Fernandez-Romero L, Andreu T, Cirera A, Romano-Rodriguez A, Cornet A, Morante JR, Barth S, Mathur S (2008) Toward a systematic understanding of photodetectors based on individual metal oxide nanowires. J Phys Chem C 112:14639–14644
Zurück zum Zitat Prades JD, Jemenes-Diaz R, Manzanares M, Hernandez-Ramirez F, Cirera A, Romano-Rodriguez A, Marthur S, Morante JR (2009) A model for the response towards oxidizing gases of photoactivated sensors based on individual SnO2 nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:1–9 Prades JD, Jemenes-Diaz R, Manzanares M, Hernandez-Ramirez F, Cirera A, Romano-Rodriguez A, Marthur S, Morante JR (2009) A model for the response towards oxidizing gases of photoactivated sensors based on individual SnO2 nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:1–9
Zurück zum Zitat Qiu S, Gao C, Zheng X, Chen J, Yang C, Gan X, Fan H (2008) Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 powders prepared by aqueous Pechini method using one-step pyrolysis process: characterization and porous ceramics. J Mater Sci 43(9):3094–3100 Qiu S, Gao C, Zheng X, Chen J, Yang C, Gan X, Fan H (2008) Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 powders prepared by aqueous Pechini method using one-step pyrolysis process: characterization and porous ceramics. J Mater Sci 43(9):3094–3100
Zurück zum Zitat Ramgir NS, Mulla IS, Vijayamohanan KP (2005) A room temperature nitric oxide sensor actualized from Ru-doped SnO2 nanowires. Sens Actuators B 107:708–715 Ramgir NS, Mulla IS, Vijayamohanan KP (2005) A room temperature nitric oxide sensor actualized from Ru-doped SnO2 nanowires. Sens Actuators B 107:708–715
Zurück zum Zitat Ramamoorthy R, Dutta PK, Akbar SA (2003) Oxygen sensors: materials, methods, designs and applications. J Mater Sci 38:4271–4282 Ramamoorthy R, Dutta PK, Akbar SA (2003) Oxygen sensors: materials, methods, designs and applications. J Mater Sci 38:4271–4282
Zurück zum Zitat Rettig F, Moos R (2007a) Direct thermoelectric gas sensors: design aspects and first gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 123:413–419 Rettig F, Moos R (2007a) Direct thermoelectric gas sensors: design aspects and first gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 123:413–419
Zurück zum Zitat Rettig F, Moos R (2007b) Direct thermoelectric hydrocarbon gas sensors based on SnO2. IEEE Sens J 7:1490–1496 Rettig F, Moos R (2007b) Direct thermoelectric hydrocarbon gas sensors based on SnO2. IEEE Sens J 7:1490–1496
Zurück zum Zitat Rettig F, Moos R (2008) Morphology dependence of thermopower and resistance in semiconducting oxides with space charge regions. Solid State Ionics 179:2299–2307 Rettig F, Moos R (2008) Morphology dependence of thermopower and resistance in semiconducting oxides with space charge regions. Solid State Ionics 179:2299–2307
Zurück zum Zitat Rettig F, Moos R (2009) Temperature modulated direct thermoelectric gas sensors: thermal modeling and results for fast hydrocarbon sensors. Meas Sci Technol 20:065205 Rettig F, Moos R (2009) Temperature modulated direct thermoelectric gas sensors: thermal modeling and results for fast hydrocarbon sensors. Meas Sci Technol 20:065205
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson NL, Michaels JN (1990) Oxygen exchange on platinum electrodes in zirconia cells: location of electrochemical reaction sites. J Electrochem Soc 137:129–135 Robertson NL, Michaels JN (1990) Oxygen exchange on platinum electrodes in zirconia cells: location of electrochemical reaction sites. J Electrochem Soc 137:129–135
Zurück zum Zitat Röder-Roith U, Rettig F, Röder T, Janek J, Moos R, Sahner K (2009) Thick-film solid electrolyte oxygen sensors using the direct ionic thermoelectric effect. Sens Actuators B 136:530–535 Röder-Roith U, Rettig F, Röder T, Janek J, Moos R, Sahner K (2009) Thick-film solid electrolyte oxygen sensors using the direct ionic thermoelectric effect. Sens Actuators B 136:530–535
Zurück zum Zitat Rothschild A, Tuller HL (2006) Gas sensors: new materials and processing approaches. J Electroceram 17:1005–1012 Rothschild A, Tuller HL (2006) Gas sensors: new materials and processing approaches. J Electroceram 17:1005–1012
Zurück zum Zitat Rothschild A, Litzelman SJ, Tuller HL, Menesklou W, Schneider T, Ivers-Tiffee E (2005) Temperature-independent resistive oxygen sensors based on SrTi1−xFexO3−δ solid solutions. Sens Actuators B 108:223–230 Rothschild A, Litzelman SJ, Tuller HL, Menesklou W, Schneider T, Ivers-Tiffee E (2005) Temperature-independent resistive oxygen sensors based on SrTi1−xFexO3−δ solid solutions. Sens Actuators B 108:223–230
Zurück zum Zitat Ruiz AM, Cornet A, Shimanoe K, Morante JR, Yamazoe N (2005) Effects of various metal additives on the gas sensing performances of TiO2 nanocrystals obtained from hydrothermal treatments. Sens Actuators B 108:34–40 Ruiz AM, Cornet A, Shimanoe K, Morante JR, Yamazoe N (2005) Effects of various metal additives on the gas sensing performances of TiO2 nanocrystals obtained from hydrothermal treatments. Sens Actuators B 108:34–40
Zurück zum Zitat Rumyantseva M, Kovalenko V, Gaskov A, Makshina E, Yuschenko V, Ivanova I, Ponzoni A, Faglia G, Comini E (2006) Nanocomposites SnO2/Fe2O3: sensor and catalytic properties. Sens Actuators B 118:208–214 Rumyantseva M, Kovalenko V, Gaskov A, Makshina E, Yuschenko V, Ivanova I, Ponzoni A, Faglia G, Comini E (2006) Nanocomposites SnO2/Fe2O3: sensor and catalytic properties. Sens Actuators B 118:208–214
Zurück zum Zitat Sadek Z, Wlodarski W, Shin K, Kaner RB, Kalantar-zadeh K (2006) A layered surface acoustic wave gas sensor based on a polyaniline/In2O3 nanofibre composite. Nanotechnology 17:4488–4492 Sadek Z, Wlodarski W, Shin K, Kaner RB, Kalantar-zadeh K (2006) A layered surface acoustic wave gas sensor based on a polyaniline/In2O3 nanofibre composite. Nanotechnology 17:4488–4492
Zurück zum Zitat Sahm T, Gurlo A, Barsan N, Weimar U (2006) Properties of indium oxide semiconducting sensors deposited by different techniques. Particulate Sci Technol 24(4):441–452 Sahm T, Gurlo A, Barsan N, Weimar U (2006) Properties of indium oxide semiconducting sensors deposited by different techniques. Particulate Sci Technol 24(4):441–452
Zurück zum Zitat Sahner K, Tuller HL (2010) Novel deposition techniques for metal oxide: prospects for gas sensing. J Electroceram 24:177–199 Sahner K, Tuller HL (2010) Novel deposition techniques for metal oxide: prospects for gas sensing. J Electroceram 24:177–199
Zurück zum Zitat Sakai N, Yamaji K, Horita T, Yokokawa H, Hirata Y, Sameshima S, Nigara Y, Mizusaki J (1999) Determination of hydrogen solubility in oxide ceramics by using SIMS analyses. Solid State Ionics 125:325–331 Sakai N, Yamaji K, Horita T, Yokokawa H, Hirata Y, Sameshima S, Nigara Y, Mizusaki J (1999) Determination of hydrogen solubility in oxide ceramics by using SIMS analyses. Solid State Ionics 125:325–331
Zurück zum Zitat Sakthivel M, Weppner W (2007) Application of layered perovskite type proton conducting KCa2Nb3O10 in H2 sensors: Pt particle size and temperature dependence. Sens Actuators B 125:435–440 Sakthivel M, Weppner W (2007) Application of layered perovskite type proton conducting KCa2Nb3O10 in H2 sensors: Pt particle size and temperature dependence. Sens Actuators B 125:435–440
Zurück zum Zitat Sakthivel M, Weppner W (2008) A portable limiting current solid-state electrochemical diffusion hole type hydrogen sensor device for biomass fuel reactors: engineering aspect. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33:905–911 Sakthivel M, Weppner W (2008) A portable limiting current solid-state electrochemical diffusion hole type hydrogen sensor device for biomass fuel reactors: engineering aspect. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33:905–911
Zurück zum Zitat Sandu I, Presmanes L, Alphonse P, Tailhades P (2006) Nanostructured cobalt manganese ferrite thin films for gas sensor application. Thin Solid Films 495:130–133 Sandu I, Presmanes L, Alphonse P, Tailhades P (2006) Nanostructured cobalt manganese ferrite thin films for gas sensor application. Thin Solid Films 495:130–133
Zurück zum Zitat Satsuma A, Katagiri M, Kakimoto S, Sugaya S, Shimizu K (2011) Effects of calcination temperature and acid–base properties on mixed potential ammonia sensors modified by metal oxides. Sensors 11:2155–2165 Satsuma A, Katagiri M, Kakimoto S, Sugaya S, Shimizu K (2011) Effects of calcination temperature and acid–base properties on mixed potential ammonia sensors modified by metal oxides. Sensors 11:2155–2165
Zurück zum Zitat Sberveglieri G (1992) Classical and novel techniques for the preparation of SnO2 thin-film gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 6:239–247 Sberveglieri G (1992) Classical and novel techniques for the preparation of SnO2 thin-film gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 6:239–247
Zurück zum Zitat Scherban Е, Nowick AS (1989) Bulk protonic conduction in Yb-doped SrCeO3. Solid State Ionics 35:189–194 Scherban Е, Nowick AS (1989) Bulk protonic conduction in Yb-doped SrCeO3. Solid State Ionics 35:189–194
Zurück zum Zitat Schierbaum KD (1995) Engineering of oxide surfaces and metal/oxide interfaces for chemical sensors: recent trends. Sens Actuators B 24–25:239–247 Schierbaum KD (1995) Engineering of oxide surfaces and metal/oxide interfaces for chemical sensors: recent trends. Sens Actuators B 24–25:239–247
Zurück zum Zitat Schönauer D, Wiesner K, Fleischer M, Moos R (2009) Selective mixed potential ammonia exhaust gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 140:585–590 Schönauer D, Wiesner K, Fleischer M, Moos R (2009) Selective mixed potential ammonia exhaust gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 140:585–590
Zurück zum Zitat Schreiter M, Gabl R, Lerchner J, Hohlfeld C, Delan A, Wolf G, Bluher A, Katzschner B, Mertig M, Poempec W (2006) Functionalized pyroelectric sensors for gas detection. Sens Actuators B 119:255–261 Schreiter M, Gabl R, Lerchner J, Hohlfeld C, Delan A, Wolf G, Bluher A, Katzschner B, Mertig M, Poempec W (2006) Functionalized pyroelectric sensors for gas detection. Sens Actuators B 119:255–261
Zurück zum Zitat Sears WM, Colbow K, Consadori F (1989) General characteristics of thermally cycled tin oxide gas sensors. Semicond Sci Technol 4:351–359 Sears WM, Colbow K, Consadori F (1989) General characteristics of thermally cycled tin oxide gas sensors. Semicond Sci Technol 4:351–359
Zurück zum Zitat Seiyama T, Kato A, Fujiishi K, Nagatani M (1962) A new detector for gaseous components using semiconductive thin films. Anal Chem 34:1502–1503 Seiyama T, Kato A, Fujiishi K, Nagatani M (1962) A new detector for gaseous components using semiconductive thin films. Anal Chem 34:1502–1503
Zurück zum Zitat Shanak H, Schmitt H, Nowoczin J, Ziebert C (2004) Effect of Pt-catalyst on gasochromic WO3 films: optical, electrical and AFM investigations. Solid State Ionics 171:99–106 Shanak H, Schmitt H, Nowoczin J, Ziebert C (2004) Effect of Pt-catalyst on gasochromic WO3 films: optical, electrical and AFM investigations. Solid State Ionics 171:99–106
Zurück zum Zitat Shi S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang T (2009) Ultrahigh ethanol response of SnO2 nanorods at low working temperature arising from La2O3 loading. Sens Actuators B 140:426–431 Shi S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang T (2009) Ultrahigh ethanol response of SnO2 nanorods at low working temperature arising from La2O3 loading. Sens Actuators B 140:426–431
Zurück zum Zitat Shimizu Y, Egashira M (1999) Basic aspects and challenges of semiconductor gas sensors. MRS Bull 24:18–24 Shimizu Y, Egashira M (1999) Basic aspects and challenges of semiconductor gas sensors. MRS Bull 24:18–24
Zurück zum Zitat Shimura T, Komori M, Iwahara H (1996) Ionic conduction in pyrochlore-type oxides containing rare earth elements at high temperature. Solid State Ionics 86:685–689 Shimura T, Komori M, Iwahara H (1996) Ionic conduction in pyrochlore-type oxides containing rare earth elements at high temperature. Solid State Ionics 86:685–689
Zurück zum Zitat Shimura T, Fujimoto S, Iwahara H (2001) Proton conduction in non-perovskite-type oxides at elevated temperatures. Solid State Ionics 143:117–123 Shimura T, Fujimoto S, Iwahara H (2001) Proton conduction in non-perovskite-type oxides at elevated temperatures. Solid State Ionics 143:117–123
Zurück zum Zitat Shin W, Imai K, Izu N, Murayama N (2001) Thermoelectric thick-film hydrogen gas sensor operating at room temperature. Jpn J Appl Phys 2 Lett 40:L1232–L1234 Shin W, Imai K, Izu N, Murayama N (2001) Thermoelectric thick-film hydrogen gas sensor operating at room temperature. Jpn J Appl Phys 2 Lett 40:L1232–L1234
Zurück zum Zitat Shin W, Matsumiya M, Izu N, Murayama N (2003) Hydrogen-selective thermoelectric gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 93:304–308 Shin W, Matsumiya M, Izu N, Murayama N (2003) Hydrogen-selective thermoelectric gas sensor. Sens Actuators B 93:304–308
Zurück zum Zitat Shin W, Choi Y, Tajima K, Izu N, Matsubara I, Murayama N (2005) Planar catalytic combustor film for thermoelectric hydrogen sensor. Sens Actuators B 108:455–460 Shin W, Choi Y, Tajima K, Izu N, Matsubara I, Murayama N (2005) Planar catalytic combustor film for thermoelectric hydrogen sensor. Sens Actuators B 108:455–460
Zurück zum Zitat Shin W, Nishibori M, Matsubara I (2011) Gas sensors using pyroelectric and thermoelectric effects. In: Korotcenkov G (ed) Chemical sensors: comprehensive sensor technologies, vol 4, Solid state devices. Momentum, New York, pp 261–285 Shin W, Nishibori M, Matsubara I (2011) Gas sensors using pyroelectric and thermoelectric effects. In: Korotcenkov G (ed) Chemical sensors: comprehensive sensor technologies, vol 4, Solid state devices. Momentum, New York, pp 261–285
Zurück zum Zitat Shouli B, Dianqing L, Dongmei H, Ruixian L, Aifan C, Liu CC (2010) Preparation, characterization of WO3-SnO2 nanocomposites and their sensing properties for NO2. Sens Actuators B 150:749–755 Shouli B, Dianqing L, Dongmei H, Ruixian L, Aifan C, Liu CC (2010) Preparation, characterization of WO3-SnO2 nanocomposites and their sensing properties for NO2. Sens Actuators B 150:749–755
Zurück zum Zitat Shukla S, Seal S, Ludwig L, Parish C (2004) Nanocrystalline indium oxide-doped tin oxide thin film as low temperature hydrogen sensor. Sens Actuators B 97:256–265 Shukla S, Seal S, Ludwig L, Parish C (2004) Nanocrystalline indium oxide-doped tin oxide thin film as low temperature hydrogen sensor. Sens Actuators B 97:256–265
Zurück zum Zitat Shukla S, Zhang P, Cho HJ, Ludwig L, Seal S (2008) Significance of electrode-spacing in hydrogen detection for tin oxide-based MEMS sensor. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33:470–475 Shukla S, Zhang P, Cho HJ, Ludwig L, Seal S (2008) Significance of electrode-spacing in hydrogen detection for tin oxide-based MEMS sensor. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33:470–475
Zurück zum Zitat Siemons M, Leifert A, Simon U (2007) Preparation and gas sensing characteristics of nanoparticulate p-type semiconducting LnFeO3 and LnCrO3 materials. Adv Funct Mater 17:2189–2197 Siemons M, Leifert A, Simon U (2007) Preparation and gas sensing characteristics of nanoparticulate p-type semiconducting LnFeO3 and LnCrO3 materials. Adv Funct Mater 17:2189–2197
Zurück zum Zitat Singh N, Gupta RK, Lee PS (2011) Gold-nanoparticle-functionalized In2O3 nanowires as CO gas sensors with a significant enhancement in response. Appl Mater Int 3:2246–2252 Singh N, Gupta RK, Lee PS (2011) Gold-nanoparticle-functionalized In2O3 nanowires as CO gas sensors with a significant enhancement in response. Appl Mater Int 3:2246–2252
Zurück zum Zitat Siroky K (1993) Use of the Seebeck effect for sensing flammable gas and vapors. Sens Actuators B 17:13–17 Siroky K (1993) Use of the Seebeck effect for sensing flammable gas and vapors. Sens Actuators B 17:13–17
Zurück zum Zitat Skinner SJ, Kilner JA (2003) Oxygen ion conductors. Mater Today 6:30–37 Skinner SJ, Kilner JA (2003) Oxygen ion conductors. Mater Today 6:30–37
Zurück zum Zitat Smith RD II, Benson DK, Pitts RJ, Oison DL, Wildeman TR (2001) Diffusible weld hydrogen measurement by fiber optic sensors. Materialpruefung/Mater Test 43(1–2):26–29 Smith RD II, Benson DK, Pitts RJ, Oison DL, Wildeman TR (2001) Diffusible weld hydrogen measurement by fiber optic sensors. Materialpruefung/Mater Test 43(1–2):26–29
Zurück zum Zitat Smith RD II, Pitts JR, Lee S-H, Tracy E (2004) Protective coatings for Pd-based hydrogen sensors. Prep Pap Am Chem Soc Div Fuel Chem 49(2):968–969 Smith RD II, Pitts JR, Lee S-H, Tracy E (2004) Protective coatings for Pd-based hydrogen sensors. Prep Pap Am Chem Soc Div Fuel Chem 49(2):968–969
Zurück zum Zitat Solis JL, Lantto V (1995) A study of gas-sensing properties of sputtered α-SnWO4 thin films. Sens Actuators B 24–25:591–595 Solis JL, Lantto V (1995) A study of gas-sensing properties of sputtered α-SnWO4 thin films. Sens Actuators B 24–25:591–595
Zurück zum Zitat Solis JL, Saukko S, Kish L, Granqvist CG, Lantto V (2001) Semiconductor gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxide. Thin Solid Films 391:255–260 Solis JL, Saukko S, Kish L, Granqvist CG, Lantto V (2001) Semiconductor gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxide. Thin Solid Films 391:255–260
Zurück zum Zitat Stamataki M, Tsamakis D, Brilis N, Fasaki I, Giannoudakos A, Kompitsas M (2008) Hydrogen gas sensors based on PLD grown NiO thin film structures. Physica Status Solidi 205(8):2064–2068 Stamataki M, Tsamakis D, Brilis N, Fasaki I, Giannoudakos A, Kompitsas M (2008) Hydrogen gas sensors based on PLD grown NiO thin film structures. Physica Status Solidi 205(8):2064–2068
Zurück zum Zitat Stankova M, Vilanova X, Calderer J, Llobet E, Ivanov P, Gracia I, Cane C, Correig X (2004) Detection of SO2 and H2S in CO2 stream by means of WO3-based micro-hotplate sensors. Sens Actuators B 102:219–225 Stankova M, Vilanova X, Calderer J, Llobet E, Ivanov P, Gracia I, Cane C, Correig X (2004) Detection of SO2 and H2S in CO2 stream by means of WO3-based micro-hotplate sensors. Sens Actuators B 102:219–225
Zurück zum Zitat Stefanik TS, Tuller HL (2001) Ceria-based gas sensors. J Eur Ceram Soc 21:1967–1970 Stefanik TS, Tuller HL (2001) Ceria-based gas sensors. J Eur Ceram Soc 21:1967–1970
Zurück zum Zitat Stolen S, Bakken E, Mohn CE (2006) Oxygen-deficient perovskites: linking structure, energetics and ion transport. Phys Chem Chem Phys 8:429–447 Stolen S, Bakken E, Mohn CE (2006) Oxygen-deficient perovskites: linking structure, energetics and ion transport. Phys Chem Chem Phys 8:429–447
Zurück zum Zitat Stoukides M (1988) Applications of solid electrolytes in heterogeneous catalysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 27:1745–1750 Stoukides M (1988) Applications of solid electrolytes in heterogeneous catalysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 27:1745–1750
Zurück zum Zitat Subbarao EC, Maiti HS (1984) Solid electrolytes with oxygen ion conduction. Solid State Ionics 11:317–338 Subbarao EC, Maiti HS (1984) Solid electrolytes with oxygen ion conduction. Solid State Ionics 11:317–338
Zurück zum Zitat Sun J, Xu JY, Yu SP, Liu FG, Lu G (2012) UV-activated room temperature metal oxide based gas sensor attached with reflector. Sens Actuators B 169:291–296 Sun J, Xu JY, Yu SP, Liu FG, Lu G (2012) UV-activated room temperature metal oxide based gas sensor attached with reflector. Sens Actuators B 169:291–296
Zurück zum Zitat Sundmacher K, Rihko-Struckmann LK, Galvita V (2005) Solid electrolyte membrane reactors: status and trends. Catal Today 104:185–199 Sundmacher K, Rihko-Struckmann LK, Galvita V (2005) Solid electrolyte membrane reactors: status and trends. Catal Today 104:185–199
Zurück zum Zitat Suzuki T, Yamazaki T (1990) Effect of annealing on the gas sensitivity of thin oxide ultra-thin films. J Mater Sci Lett 9:750–751 Suzuki T, Yamazaki T (1990) Effect of annealing on the gas sensitivity of thin oxide ultra-thin films. J Mater Sci Lett 9:750–751
Zurück zum Zitat Sysoev VV, Schneider T, Goschnick J, Kiselev I, Habicht W, Hahn H, Strelcov E, Kolmakov A (2009) Percolating SnO2 nanowire network as a stable gas sensor: direct comparison of long-term performance versus SnO2 nanoparticle films. Sens Actuators B 139:699–703 Sysoev VV, Schneider T, Goschnick J, Kiselev I, Habicht W, Hahn H, Strelcov E, Kolmakov A (2009) Percolating SnO2 nanowire network as a stable gas sensor: direct comparison of long-term performance versus SnO2 nanoparticle films. Sens Actuators B 139:699–703
Zurück zum Zitat Taguchi N (1971) Gas detecting device. US Patent 3,631,436 Taguchi N (1971) Gas detecting device. US Patent 3,631,436
Zurück zum Zitat Tamaki J, Akiyama M, Xu C, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1990) Conductivity change of SnO2 with CO2 adsorption. Chem Lett 1990:1243–1246 Tamaki J, Akiyama M, Xu C, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1990) Conductivity change of SnO2 with CO2 adsorption. Chem Lett 1990:1243–1246
Zurück zum Zitat Tamaki J, Shimanoe K, Yamada Y, Yamamoto Y, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1998) Dilute hydrogen sulfide sensing properties of CuO–SnO2 thin film prepared by low-pressure evaporation method. Sens Actuators B 49:121–125 Tamaki J, Shimanoe K, Yamada Y, Yamamoto Y, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1998) Dilute hydrogen sulfide sensing properties of CuO–SnO2 thin film prepared by low-pressure evaporation method. Sens Actuators B 49:121–125
Zurück zum Zitat Tamaki J, Miyaji A, Makinodan J, Ogura S, Konishi S (2005) Effect of micro-gap electrode on detection of dilute NO2 using WO3 thin film microsensors. Sens Actuators B 108:202–206 Tamaki J, Miyaji A, Makinodan J, Ogura S, Konishi S (2005) Effect of micro-gap electrode on detection of dilute NO2 using WO3 thin film microsensors. Sens Actuators B 108:202–206
Zurück zum Zitat Taniguchi N, Kuroha T, Nishimura C, Iijima K (2005) Characteristics of novel BaZr0.4Ce0.4In0.2O3 proton conducting ceramics and their application to hydrogen sensors. Solid State Ionics 176:2979–2983 Taniguchi N, Kuroha T, Nishimura C, Iijima K (2005) Characteristics of novel BaZr0.4Ce0.4In0.2O3 proton conducting ceramics and their application to hydrogen sensors. Solid State Ionics 176:2979–2983
Zurück zum Zitat Tanner CW, Virkar AV (1996) Instability of BaCeO3 in H2O-containing atmospheres. J Electrochem Soc 143:1386–1389 Tanner CW, Virkar AV (1996) Instability of BaCeO3 in H2O-containing atmospheres. J Electrochem Soc 143:1386–1389
Zurück zum Zitat Tao S, Irvine JTS (2001) Preparation and characterisation of apatite-type lanthanum silicates by a sol–gel process. Mat Res Bull 36:1245–1258 Tao S, Irvine JTS (2001) Preparation and characterisation of apatite-type lanthanum silicates by a sol–gel process. Mat Res Bull 36:1245–1258
Zurück zum Zitat Tao S, Poulsen FW, Meng G, Sùrensen OT (2000) High-temperature stability study of the oxygen-ion conductor La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-x. J Mater Chem 10:1829–1833 Tao S, Poulsen FW, Meng G, Sùrensen OT (2000) High-temperature stability study of the oxygen-ion conductor La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-x. J Mater Chem 10:1829–1833
Zurück zum Zitat Tejuca LJ, Fierro JLG (eds) (1993) Properties and applications of perovskite-type oxides. Marcel Dekker, New York Tejuca LJ, Fierro JLG (eds) (1993) Properties and applications of perovskite-type oxides. Marcel Dekker, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Tesfamichael T, Motta N, Bostrom T, Bell JM (2007) Development of porous metal oxide thin films by coevaporation. Appl Surf Sci 253:4853–4859 Tesfamichael T, Motta N, Bostrom T, Bell JM (2007) Development of porous metal oxide thin films by coevaporation. Appl Surf Sci 253:4853–4859
Zurück zum Zitat Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2001a) AA′2M3O10(A = K, Rb, Cs; A′ = Ca; M = Nb) layered perovskites: low-temperature proton conductors in hydrogen atmospheres. J Mater Chem 11:636–639 Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2001a) AA′2M3O10(A = K, Rb, Cs; A′ = Ca; M = Nb) layered perovskites: low-temperature proton conductors in hydrogen atmospheres. J Mater Chem 11:636–639
Zurück zum Zitat Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2001b) Electrical properties of A’Ca2Nb3O10 (A’=K, Rb, Cs) layered perovskite ceramics. Ionics 7:22–31 Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2001b) Electrical properties of A’Ca2Nb3O10 (A’=K, Rb, Cs) layered perovskite ceramics. Ionics 7:22–31
Zurück zum Zitat Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2006) Recent progress in solid oxide and lithium ion conducting electrolytes research. Ionics 12:81–92 Thangadurai V, Weppner W (2006) Recent progress in solid oxide and lithium ion conducting electrolytes research. Ionics 12:81–92
Zurück zum Zitat Thompson M, Stone DC (1997) Surface-launched acoustic wave sensors: chemical sensing and thin-film characterization. Wiley, New York Thompson M, Stone DC (1997) Surface-launched acoustic wave sensors: chemical sensing and thin-film characterization. Wiley, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Tien LC, Sadik PW, Norton DP, Voss LF, Pearton SJ, Wang HT, Kang BS, Ren F, Jun J, Lin J (2005) Hydrogen sensing at room temperature with Pt-coated ZnO thin films and nanorods. Appl Phys Lett 87:222106 Tien LC, Sadik PW, Norton DP, Voss LF, Pearton SJ, Wang HT, Kang BS, Ren F, Jun J, Lin J (2005) Hydrogen sensing at room temperature with Pt-coated ZnO thin films and nanorods. Appl Phys Lett 87:222106
Zurück zum Zitat Toan NN, Saukko S, Lantto V (2003) Gas sensing with semiconducting perovskite oxide LaFeO3. Phys B Condens Matter 327:279–282 Toan NN, Saukko S, Lantto V (2003) Gas sensing with semiconducting perovskite oxide LaFeO3. Phys B Condens Matter 327:279–282
Zurück zum Zitat Toda K, Kameo Y, Kurita S, Sato M (1996) Crystal structure determination and ionic conductivity of layered perovskite compounds NaLnTiO4 (Ln = Rare Earth). J Alloys Compd 234:19–25 Toda K, Kameo Y, Kurita S, Sato M (1996) Crystal structure determination and ionic conductivity of layered perovskite compounds NaLnTiO4 (Ln = Rare Earth). J Alloys Compd 234:19–25
Zurück zum Zitat Tomchenko AA, Harmer GP, Marquis BT, Allen JW (2003) Semiconducting metal oxide sensor array for the selective detection of combustion gases. Sens Actuators B 93:126–134 Tomchenko AA, Harmer GP, Marquis BT, Allen JW (2003) Semiconducting metal oxide sensor array for the selective detection of combustion gases. Sens Actuators B 93:126–134
Zurück zum Zitat Tongpool R, Leach C, Freer R (2000) Temperature and microstructural dependence of the sensitivity of heterocontacts between zinc oxide and copper oxide in reducing environments. J Mater Sci Lett 19:119–121 Tongpool R, Leach C, Freer R (2000) Temperature and microstructural dependence of the sensitivity of heterocontacts between zinc oxide and copper oxide in reducing environments. J Mater Sci Lett 19:119–121
Zurück zum Zitat Traqueia LSM, Marques FMB, Kharton VV (2006) Oxygen ion conduction in oxide materials: selected examples and basic mechanisms. Bol Soc Esp Ceram 45(3):115–121 Traqueia LSM, Marques FMB, Kharton VV (2006) Oxygen ion conduction in oxide materials: selected examples and basic mechanisms. Bol Soc Esp Ceram 45(3):115–121
Zurück zum Zitat Traversa E (1995) Ceramic sensors for humidity detection: the state-of-the-art and future developments. Sens Actuators B 23:135–156 Traversa E (1995) Ceramic sensors for humidity detection: the state-of-the-art and future developments. Sens Actuators B 23:135–156
Zurück zum Zitat Tricoli A, Righettoni M, Pratsinis SE (2009) Minimal cross-sensitivity to humidity during ethanol detection by SnO2–TiO2 solid solutions. Nanotechnology 20:315502 Tricoli A, Righettoni M, Pratsinis SE (2009) Minimal cross-sensitivity to humidity during ethanol detection by SnO2–TiO2 solid solutions. Nanotechnology 20:315502
Zurück zum Zitat Tuller HL (2000) Ionic conduction in nanocrystalline materials. Solid State Ionics 131:143–157 Tuller HL (2000) Ionic conduction in nanocrystalline materials. Solid State Ionics 131:143–157
Zurück zum Zitat Tuller HL (2003) Defect engineering: design tools for solid state electrochemical devices. Electrochim Acta 48:2879–2887 Tuller HL (2003) Defect engineering: design tools for solid state electrochemical devices. Electrochim Acta 48:2879–2887
Zurück zum Zitat Ushio Y, Miyayama M, Yanagida H (1994) Effects of interface states on gas-sensing properties of a CuO/ZnO thin-film heterojunction. Sens Actuators B 17:221–226 Ushio Y, Miyayama M, Yanagida H (1994) Effects of interface states on gas-sensing properties of a CuO/ZnO thin-film heterojunction. Sens Actuators B 17:221–226
Zurück zum Zitat Vallejos S, Khatko V, Calderer J, Gracia I, Cane C, Llobet E, Correig X (2008) Micromachined WO3-based sensors selective to oxidizing gases. Sens Actuators B 132:209–215 Vallejos S, Khatko V, Calderer J, Gracia I, Cane C, Llobet E, Correig X (2008) Micromachined WO3-based sensors selective to oxidizing gases. Sens Actuators B 132:209–215
Zurück zum Zitat Varghese OK, Gong D, Paulose M, Grimes CA, Dickey EC (2003) Crystallization and high-temperature structural stability of titanium oxide nanotube arrays. J Mater Res 18(1):156–165 Varghese OK, Gong D, Paulose M, Grimes CA, Dickey EC (2003) Crystallization and high-temperature structural stability of titanium oxide nanotube arrays. J Mater Res 18(1):156–165
Zurück zum Zitat Varghese OK, Mor GK, Grimes CA, Paulose M, Mukherjee N (2004) A titania nanotube-array room-temperature sensor for selective detection of hydrogen at low concentrations. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 4:733–737 Varghese OK, Mor GK, Grimes CA, Paulose M, Mukherjee N (2004) A titania nanotube-array room-temperature sensor for selective detection of hydrogen at low concentrations. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 4:733–737
Zurück zum Zitat Vasil’ev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Ryabova LI, Akimov BA, Gas’kov AM, Labeau M, Langlet M (1999) Electric-field-controlled memory effect in heterostructures for gas sensors. Tech Phys Lett 25(6):471–474 Vasil’ev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Ryabova LI, Akimov BA, Gas’kov AM, Labeau M, Langlet M (1999) Electric-field-controlled memory effect in heterostructures for gas sensors. Tech Phys Lett 25(6):471–474
Zurück zum Zitat Vasiliev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Yakovlev NV, Gaskov AM (1998) CuO:SnO2 thin film heterostructures as chemical sensors to H2S. Sens Actuators B 50:186–193 Vasiliev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Yakovlev NV, Gaskov AM (1998) CuO:SnO2 thin film heterostructures as chemical sensors to H2S. Sens Actuators B 50:186–193
Zurück zum Zitat Vasiliev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Podguzova SE, Ryzhikov AS, Ryabova LI, Gaskov AM (1999) Effect of interdiffusion on electrical and gas sensor properties of CuO:SnO2 heterostructure. Mater Sci Eng B 57:241–246 Vasiliev RB, Rumyantseva MN, Podguzova SE, Ryzhikov AS, Ryabova LI, Gaskov AM (1999) Effect of interdiffusion on electrical and gas sensor properties of CuO:SnO2 heterostructure. Mater Sci Eng B 57:241–246
Zurück zum Zitat Wada K, Egashira M (2000) Hydrogen sensing properties of SnO2 subjected to surface chemical modification with ethoxysilanes. Sens Actuators B 62:211–219 Wada K, Egashira M (2000) Hydrogen sensing properties of SnO2 subjected to surface chemical modification with ethoxysilanes. Sens Actuators B 62:211–219
Zurück zum Zitat Wagner T, Hennemann J, Kohl C-D, Tiemann N (2011) Photocatalytic ozone sensor based on mesoporous indium oxide: influence of the relative humidity on the sensing performance. Thin Solid Films 520:918–921 Wagner T, Hennemann J, Kohl C-D, Tiemann N (2011) Photocatalytic ozone sensor based on mesoporous indium oxide: influence of the relative humidity on the sensing performance. Thin Solid Films 520:918–921
Zurück zum Zitat Wakamura K (2005) Empirical relationships for ion conduction based on vibration amplitude in perovskite-type proton and superionic conductors. J Phys Chem Solids 66:133–142 Wakamura K (2005) Empirical relationships for ion conduction based on vibration amplitude in perovskite-type proton and superionic conductors. J Phys Chem Solids 66:133–142
Zurück zum Zitat Wang W, Virkar AV (2005) Ionic and electron–hole conduction in BaZr0.93Y0.07O3−d by 4-probe DC measurements. J Power Sources 142(1–2):1–9 Wang W, Virkar AV (2005) Ionic and electron–hole conduction in BaZr0.93Y0.07O3−d by 4-probe DC measurements. J Power Sources 142(1–2):1–9
Zurück zum Zitat Wang JD, Xie YH, Zhang ZF, Liu RQ, Li ZJ (2005) Protonic conduction in Ca2+-doped La2M2O7 (M = Ce, Zr) with its application to ammonia synthesis electrochemically. Mater Res Bull 40:1294–1302 Wang JD, Xie YH, Zhang ZF, Liu RQ, Li ZJ (2005) Protonic conduction in Ca2+-doped La2M2O7 (M = Ce, Zr) with its application to ammonia synthesis electrochemically. Mater Res Bull 40:1294–1302
Zurück zum Zitat Wang DY, Symons WT, Farhat RJ, Valdes CA, Briggs EM, Polikarpus KK, Kupe J (2006a) Ammonia gas sensors. US Patent 7,074,319 B2 Wang DY, Symons WT, Farhat RJ, Valdes CA, Briggs EM, Polikarpus KK, Kupe J (2006a) Ammonia gas sensors. US Patent 7,074,319 B2
Zurück zum Zitat Wang CH, Chu XF, Wu MW (2006b) Detection of H2S down to ppb levels at room temperature using sensors based on ZnO nanorods. Sens Actuators B 113:320–323 Wang CH, Chu XF, Wu MW (2006b) Detection of H2S down to ppb levels at room temperature using sensors based on ZnO nanorods. Sens Actuators B 113:320–323
Zurück zum Zitat Weppner W (2000) Concepts and materials aspects of developing solid state ionic devices. In: Chowdari BVR, Wang W (eds) Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on solid state ionics: materials and devices. Word Scientific, River Edge, NJ, pp 3–12 Weppner W (2000) Concepts and materials aspects of developing solid state ionic devices. In: Chowdari BVR, Wang W (eds) Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on solid state ionics: materials and devices. Word Scientific, River Edge, NJ, pp 3–12
Zurück zum Zitat West AR (1999) Basic solid state chemistry, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester West AR (1999) Basic solid state chemistry, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester
Zurück zum Zitat West AR (2006) Inorganic functional materials: optimization of properties by structural and compositional control. Chem Rec 6:206–216 West AR (2006) Inorganic functional materials: optimization of properties by structural and compositional control. Chem Rec 6:206–216
Zurück zum Zitat Wetchakun K, Samerjai T, Tamaekong N, Liewhiran C, Siriwong C, Kruefu V, Wisitsoraat A, Tuantranont A, Phanichphant S (2011) Semiconducting metal oxides as sensors for environmentally hazardous gases. Sens Actuators B 160:580–591 Wetchakun K, Samerjai T, Tamaekong N, Liewhiran C, Siriwong C, Kruefu V, Wisitsoraat A, Tuantranont A, Phanichphant S (2011) Semiconducting metal oxides as sensors for environmentally hazardous gases. Sens Actuators B 160:580–591
Zurück zum Zitat Whitten MC, Janine EC, Peterson BV, Trigwell S, Berger CM, Mohajeri N, Bokerman G, Muradov N, T-Raissi A, McPherson J (2006) Chemochromic hydrogen detection. Proc SPIE 6222:62220C Whitten MC, Janine EC, Peterson BV, Trigwell S, Berger CM, Mohajeri N, Bokerman G, Muradov N, T-Raissi A, McPherson J (2006) Chemochromic hydrogen detection. Proc SPIE 6222:62220C
Zurück zum Zitat Williams D (1999) Semiconducting oxides as gas-sensitive resistors. Sens Actuators B 57:1–16 Williams D (1999) Semiconducting oxides as gas-sensitive resistors. Sens Actuators B 57:1–16
Zurück zum Zitat Williams DE, Pratt KFE (1998) Classification of reactive sites on the surface of polycrystalline tin dioxide. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 94:3493–3500 Williams DE, Pratt KFE (1998) Classification of reactive sites on the surface of polycrystalline tin dioxide. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 94:3493–3500
Zurück zum Zitat Wilson DM, Hoyt S, Janata J, Booksh K, Obando L (2001) Chemical sensors for portable, handheld field instruments. IEEE Sens J 1:256–274 Wilson DM, Hoyt S, Janata J, Booksh K, Obando L (2001) Chemical sensors for portable, handheld field instruments. IEEE Sens J 1:256–274
Zurück zum Zitat Wohltjen H, Snow AW (1998) Colloidal metal-insulator-metal ensemble chemiresistor sensor. Anal Chem 70:2856–2859 Wohltjen H, Snow AW (1998) Colloidal metal-insulator-metal ensemble chemiresistor sensor. Anal Chem 70:2856–2859
Zurück zum Zitat Wu JM (2011) TiO2/Ti1-xSnxO2 heterojunction nanowires: characterization, formation, and gas sensing performance. J Mater Chem 21:14048–14055 Wu JM (2011) TiO2/Ti1-xSnxO2 heterojunction nanowires: characterization, formation, and gas sensing performance. J Mater Chem 21:14048–14055
Zurück zum Zitat Wu L, Wu C-C, Wu M-M (1990) Humidity sensitivity of Sr(Sn, Ti)O3 ceramics. J Electron Mater 19:197–200 Wu L, Wu C-C, Wu M-M (1990) Humidity sensitivity of Sr(Sn, Ti)O3 ceramics. J Electron Mater 19:197–200
Zurück zum Zitat Wuensch BJ, Eberman KW, Heremans C, Ku EM, Onnerud P, Yeo EME, Haile SM, Stalick JK, Jorgensen JD (2000) Connection between oxygen-ion conductivity of pyrochlore fuel-cell materials and structural change with composition and temperature. Solid State Ionics 129:111–133 Wuensch BJ, Eberman KW, Heremans C, Ku EM, Onnerud P, Yeo EME, Haile SM, Stalick JK, Jorgensen JD (2000) Connection between oxygen-ion conductivity of pyrochlore fuel-cell materials and structural change with composition and temperature. Solid State Ionics 129:111–133
Zurück zum Zitat Xing L-L, Yuan S, Chen Z-H, Chen Y-J, Xue X-Y (2011) Enhanced gas sensing performance of SnO2/a-MoO3 heterostructure nanobelts. Nanotechnology 22:225502 Xing L-L, Yuan S, Chen Z-H, Chen Y-J, Xue X-Y (2011) Enhanced gas sensing performance of SnO2/a-MoO3 heterostructure nanobelts. Nanotechnology 22:225502
Zurück zum Zitat Xirouchaki C, Kiriakidis G, Pedersen TF, Fritzsche H (1996) Photoreduction and oxidation of as-deposited microcrystalline indium oxide. J Appl Phys 79:9349–9352 Xirouchaki C, Kiriakidis G, Pedersen TF, Fritzsche H (1996) Photoreduction and oxidation of as-deposited microcrystalline indium oxide. J Appl Phys 79:9349–9352
Zurück zum Zitat Xu C, Tamaki J, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1991) Grain size effects on gas sensitivity of porous SnO2-based elements. Sens Actuators B 3:147–155 Xu C, Tamaki J, Miura N, Yamazoe N (1991) Grain size effects on gas sensitivity of porous SnO2-based elements. Sens Actuators B 3:147–155
Zurück zum Zitat Yadav BC, Pandey NK, Srivastava A, Sharma P (2007) Optical humidity sensors based on titania films fabricated by sol–gel and thermal evaporation methods. Meas Sci Technol 18:260–264 Yadav BC, Pandey NK, Srivastava A, Sharma P (2007) Optical humidity sensors based on titania films fabricated by sol–gel and thermal evaporation methods. Meas Sci Technol 18:260–264
Zurück zum Zitat Yajima T, Iwahara H, Uchida H, Koide K (1990) Relation between proton conduction and concentration of oxide ion vacancy in SrCeO3 based sintered oxides. Solid State lonics 40–41:914–917 Yajima T, Iwahara H, Uchida H, Koide K (1990) Relation between proton conduction and concentration of oxide ion vacancy in SrCeO3 based sintered oxides. Solid State lonics 40–41:914–917
Zurück zum Zitat Yajima T, Iwahara H, Koide K, Yamamoto K (1991) CaZrO3-type hydrogen and steam sensors: trial fabrication and their characteristics. Sens Actuators B 5:145–147 Yajima T, Iwahara H, Koide K, Yamamoto K (1991) CaZrO3-type hydrogen and steam sensors: trial fabrication and their characteristics. Sens Actuators B 5:145–147
Zurück zum Zitat Yajima T, Koide K, Takai H, Fukatu N, Iwahara H (1995) Application of hydrogen sensor using proton conductive ceramics as a solid electrolyte to aluminum casting industries. Solid State Ionics 79:333–337 Yajima T, Koide K, Takai H, Fukatu N, Iwahara H (1995) Application of hydrogen sensor using proton conductive ceramics as a solid electrolyte to aluminum casting industries. Solid State Ionics 79:333–337
Zurück zum Zitat Yamazoe N (1991) New approaches for improving semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 5:7–19 Yamazoe N (1991) New approaches for improving semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 5:7–19
Zurück zum Zitat Yamazoe N, Miura N (1992) Some basic aspects of semiconductor gas sensors. In: Yamauchi S (ed) Chemical sensors technology, vol 4. Kodansha/Elsevier, Tokyo/Amsterdam, pp 20–41 Yamazoe N, Miura N (1992) Some basic aspects of semiconductor gas sensors. In: Yamauchi S (ed) Chemical sensors technology, vol 4. Kodansha/Elsevier, Tokyo/Amsterdam, pp 20–41
Zurück zum Zitat Yamazoe N, Kurokawa Y, Seiyama T (1983) Effects of additives on semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators 4:283–289 Yamazoe N, Kurokawa Y, Seiyama T (1983) Effects of additives on semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators 4:283–289
Zurück zum Zitat Yang T-Y, Lin H-M, Wie B-Y, Wu C-Y, Lin C-K (2003) UV enhancement of the gas sensing properties of nano-TiO2. Rev Adv Mater Sci 4:48–54 Yang T-Y, Lin H-M, Wie B-Y, Wu C-Y, Lin C-K (2003) UV enhancement of the gas sensing properties of nano-TiO2. Rev Adv Mater Sci 4:48–54
Zurück zum Zitat Yang J, Hidajat K, Kawi S (2008) Synthesis of nano-SnO2/SBA-15 composite as a highly sensitive semiconductor oxide gas sensor. Mater Lett 62:1441–1443 Yang J, Hidajat K, Kawi S (2008) Synthesis of nano-SnO2/SBA-15 composite as a highly sensitive semiconductor oxide gas sensor. Mater Lett 62:1441–1443
Zurück zum Zitat Ye C, Tamagawa T, Polla DL (1991) Experimental studies on primary and secondary pyroelectric effects in Pb(Zr, Ti1-x ,)O3, PbTiO3, and ZnO thin films. J Appl Phys 70(10):5538–5543 Ye C, Tamagawa T, Polla DL (1991) Experimental studies on primary and secondary pyroelectric effects in Pb(Zr, Ti1-x ,)O3, PbTiO3, and ZnO thin films. J Appl Phys 70(10):5538–5543
Zurück zum Zitat Zampiceni E, Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G, Kaciulis S, Pandolfi L, Viticoli S (2003) Composition influence on the properties of sputtered Sn–W–O films. Sens Actuators B 89:225–231 Zampiceni E, Comini E, Faglia G, Sberveglieri G, Kaciulis S, Pandolfi L, Viticoli S (2003) Composition influence on the properties of sputtered Sn–W–O films. Sens Actuators B 89:225–231
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang J-G, Benson DK, Tracy CE, Deb SK, Czanderna AW, Bechinger C (1996) Electrochromic mechanism in a-WO3 films. J Electrochem Soc 24:251–259 Zhang J-G, Benson DK, Tracy CE, Deb SK, Czanderna AW, Bechinger C (1996) Electrochromic mechanism in a-WO3 films. J Electrochem Soc 24:251–259
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang D, Li C, Han S, Liu X, Tang T, Jin W, Zhou C (2003) Ultraviolet photodetection properties of indium oxide nanowires. Appl Phys A 77:163–166 Zhang D, Li C, Han S, Liu X, Tang T, Jin W, Zhou C (2003) Ultraviolet photodetection properties of indium oxide nanowires. Appl Phys A 77:163–166
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang T, Liu L, Qi Q, Li S, Lu G (2009) Development of microstructure In/Pd-doped SnO2 sensor for low-level CO detection. Sens Actuators B 139:287–291 Zhang T, Liu L, Qi Q, Li S, Lu G (2009) Development of microstructure In/Pd-doped SnO2 sensor for low-level CO detection. Sens Actuators B 139:287–291
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao YM, Zhu YQ (2009) Room temperature ammonia sensing properties of W18O49 nanowires. Sens Actuators B 137:27–31 Zhao YM, Zhu YQ (2009) Room temperature ammonia sensing properties of W18O49 nanowires. Sens Actuators B 137:27–31
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao M, Huang JX, Ong CW (2012) Room-temperature resistive H2 sensing response of Pd/WO3 nanocluster-based highly porous film. Nanotechnology 23:315503 Zhao M, Huang JX, Ong CW (2012) Room-temperature resistive H2 sensing response of Pd/WO3 nanocluster-based highly porous film. Nanotechnology 23:315503
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng W, Lu X, Wang W, Li Z, Zhang H, Wang Z, Xu X, Li S, Wang C (2009) Assembly of Pt nanoparticles on electrospun In2O3 nanofibers for H2S detection. J Colloid Interface Sci 338:366–370 Zheng W, Lu X, Wang W, Li Z, Zhang H, Wang Z, Xu X, Li S, Wang C (2009) Assembly of Pt nanoparticles on electrospun In2O3 nanofibers for H2S detection. J Colloid Interface Sci 338:366–370
Zurück zum Zitat Zhuiykov S, Miura N (2007) Development of zirconia-based potentiometric NO x sensors for automotive and energy industries in the early 21st century: what are the prospects for sensors? Sens Actuators B 121:639–651 Zhuiykov S, Miura N (2007) Development of zirconia-based potentiometric NO x sensors for automotive and energy industries in the early 21st century: what are the prospects for sensors? Sens Actuators B 121:639–651
Zurück zum Zitat Zisekas S, Karagiannakis G, Kokkofitis C, Stoukides M (2008) NH3 decomposition in a proton conducting solid electrolyte cell. J Appl Electrochem 38:1143–1149 Zisekas S, Karagiannakis G, Kokkofitis C, Stoukides M (2008) NH3 decomposition in a proton conducting solid electrolyte cell. J Appl Electrochem 38:1143–1149
Zurück zum Zitat Zosel J, Ahlborn K, Müller R, Westphal D, Vashook V, Gutha U (2004) Selectivity of HC-sensitive electrode materials for mixed potential gas sensors. Solid State Ionics 169:115–119 Zosel J, Ahlborn K, Müller R, Westphal D, Vashook V, Gutha U (2004) Selectivity of HC-sensitive electrode materials for mixed potential gas sensors. Solid State Ionics 169:115–119
Metadaten
Titel
Metal Oxides
verfasst von
Ghenadii Korotcenkov
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Springer New York
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7165-3_2

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.