Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
MTZ-Fachkongress

Antriebe und Energiesysteme von morgen


Austausch von Automobil- und Energiewirtschaft

Am 14./15. Mai geht es in Chemnitz um die Mobilitätswende durch Elektro- und Wasserstofffahrzeuge.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Social Indicators Research
Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research 1/2014

01.01.2014

Multidimensional Analysis of Water Poverty in MENA Region: An Empirical Comparison with Physical Indicators

verfasst von: Hatem Jemmali, Caroline A. Sullivan

Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research | Ausgabe 1/2014

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

It is not easy to determine whether water is really scarce in the physical sense or whether it is available, but people cannot get access to it, or use it better. This paper reviews selected physical water scarcity indicators, and criticisms made against them on several grounds. Under the premise that the water scarcity issue is inherently multidimensional, a composite Water Poverty Index has been developed, to complement the traditional physical water indicators. In this paper we propose some technical refinements based on principal component analysis, in order to improve the method of calculation of the index. Using the proposed methodology, the present paper assesses the applicability of the index for the MENA region, by comparing the situation of oil-rich and water-poor countries (Gulf States) with that of lower-income yet water-rich countries (Horn of Africa states).
Vorheriger Artikel Social Coping and Life Satisfaction in Adolescents
Nächster Artikel Development of Indicators for Family Well-Being in Malaysia

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Fußnoten
1
It is nearly the most widely used indicator of water stress in the press.
 
2
The water availability is defined as the annual runoff available for human use.
 
3
The 1,700 m3 threshold is calculated based on estimates of basic water requirements in the domestic, agricultural, industrial, energy and ecological sectors. Gleick (1996) and Rijsberman (2006) evaluated basic human water needs as 50 L per capita per day (excluding food production).
 
4
Vörösmarty et al. (2000) developed a new index called the water reuse index which’s defined as the fraction of aggregate upstream water use relative to discharge.
 
5
The green water (generally the soil moisture and water as evapotranspiration in plants) is the main source responsible for most of the food production in many regions of the world, and as a result is substantial for human well-being.
 
6
The Human Development Index assesses the average accomplishments in a country in three main dimensions of human development such as longevity, knowledge and a decent standard of living. A composite index, the HDI hence comprises three indicators: life expectancy, educational attainment (adult literacy and combined primary, secondary and tertiary enrolment) and real GDP per capita.
 
7
In others studies, the MENA region is defined differently and contains less of countries. In this analysis, we aimed to include as many countries in the region as possible.
 
8
The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) is a composite index that was published from 1999 to 2005; it tracked 21 elements of environmental sustainability including natural resource endowments, past and present pollution levels, environmental management efforts, contributions to protection of the global commons, and a society’s capacity to improve its environmental performance over time.
 
9
The Principal components analysis (PCA) is a data reduction technique used to extract a smaller set of uncorrelated variables, called principal components, from a large set of correlated variables. Each principal component is a weighted linear combination of the original variables with mathematically determined characteristic vectors of the correlation matrix of the original data as weights; it can be argued that PCA can provide a good solution for the problem of arbitrary choice of weighting scheme.
 
10
Approximately 70% of water desalination projects in the world are located in the Gulf region.
 
Literatur
Alcamo, J., et al. (1997) Global change and global scenarios of water use and availability: An application of WaterGap 1.0. Center for Environmental Systems Research (CESR), University of Kassel, Germany.
Alcamo, J., et al. (2003). Development and testing of the WaterGAP 2 global model of water use and availability. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 48(3), 317–338. ISSN 0262-667.
Alcamo, J., Henrichs, T., & Rosch, T. (2000). World water in 2025: Global modeling and scenario analysis for the World Commission on Water for the 21st century. Kassel world water series report no. 2, Center for Environmental Systems Research, Germany: University of Kassel, 2000, pp 1–49.
Allan, J. A. (1998). Virtual water: A strategic resource: Global solutions to regional deficits. Groundwater, 36(4), 546.CrossRef
Asheesh, M. (2007). Allocating gaps of shared water resources (scarcity index): Case study on palestine-israel. Water Resources in the Middle East,2 241–248.
Brown, A., & Matlock, M. D. (2011). A review of water scarcity indices and methodologies. Arkansa: The Sustainability Consortium, University of Arkansa.
Cho, D. I., Ogwang, T., & Opio, C. (2010). Simplifying the Water Poverty Index. Social indicators research, 97(2), 257–267. ISSN 0303-8300.
Dow, K., et al. (2005). Linking water scarcity to population movements: From global models to local experiences. Stockholm: Environment Institute (SEI).
Falkenmark, M., Lundqvist, J., & Widstrand, C. (1989). Macro-scale water scarcity requires micro-scale approaches. Natural Resources Forum, 13, 258–267 (Wiley Online Library).
Feitelson, E., & Chenoweth, J. (2002). Water poverty: Towards a meaningful indicator. Water Policy, 4(3), 263–281.CrossRef
Foguet, A. P., & Garriga, R. G. (2011). Analyzing water poverty in basins. Water Resources Management, 25(14), 3595–3612.
Garriga, R. G., & Foguet, A. P. (2010). Improved method to calculate a water poverty index at local scale. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 136, 1287.CrossRef
Gleick, P. H. (1996). Basic water requirements for human activities: Meeting basic needs. Water international, 21, 83–92. ISSN 0250-8060.
Hair, J. F., et al. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Hajkowicz, S. (2006). Multi-attributed environmental index construction. Ecological Economics, 57(1), 122–139.CrossRef
Heidecke, C. (2006). Development and evaluation of a regional water poverty index for Benin. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), EP discussion paper 145.
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36.CrossRef
Komnenic, V., Ahlers, R., & Zaag, P. (2009). Assessing the usefulness of the water poverty index by applying it to a special case: Can one be water poor with high levels of access? Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 34(4–5), 219–224.CrossRef
Lawrence, P., Meigh, J., & Sullivan, C. (2002). The water poverty index: An international comparison. Keele economics Research paper, 19. Staffordshire, UK.
Malkina-Pykh, I. G. (2002). Integrated assessment models and response function models: Pros and cons for sustainable development indices design. Ecological Indicators, 2(1–2), 93–108.CrossRef
Manandhar, S., Pandey, V. P., & Kazama, F. (2012). Application of the water poverty index (WPI) in the Nepalese context: A case study of Kali Gandaki river basin (KGRB). Water Resources Management, 26(1), 89–107.
Molle, F., & Mollinga, P. (2003). Water poverty indicators: Conceptual problems and policy issues. Water policy, 5(5), 529–544. ISSN 1366-7017.
Nardo, M., et al. (2005). Handbook on constructing composite indicators: Methodology and user guide. OECD Statistics Working Papers.
Ohlsson, L. (1998). Water and social resource scarcity. Rome: Food & Agriculture Organization.
Ohlsson, L. (2000). Water conflicts and social resource scarcity. Physics & Chemistry of the Earth, Part B, 25(3), 213–220.CrossRef
Ohlsson, L., & Turton, A. R. (1999). The Turning of a Screw: Social Resource Scarcity as a Bottle-neck in Adaptation to Water Scarcity. London: School of Oriental & African Studies, University of London.
Oki, T., & Kanae, S. (2006). Global hydrological cycles and world water resources. Science, 313(5790), 1068.CrossRef
Raskin, P., et al. (1997). Water futures: Assessment of long-range patterns and problems. Comprehensive assessment of the freshwater resources of the world (p. 23). Stockholm: Stockholm Environment Institute.
Rijsberman, F. R. (2006). Water scarcity: Fact or fiction? Agricultural water management, 80(1–3), 5–22. ISSN 0378-3774.
Rovira, J. S., & Rovira, P. S. (2008). Assessment of aggregated indicators of sustainability using PCA: The case of apple trade in Spain, Conference on Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Zurich, pp 133–143.
Salameh, E. (2000). Redefining the water poverty index. Water Resources Ass. Water International, 25, 469–473.CrossRef
Savenije, H. H. G., & Van Der Zaag, P. (2000). Conceptual framework for the management of shared river basins; with special reference to the SADC and EU. Water Policy, 2(1–2), 1–37.CrossRef
Smakhtin, V., et al. (2004). Taking into account environmental water requirements in global-scale water resources assessments. IWMI. ISBN 9290905425.
Shiklomanov, I. A., & Markavo O. L. (1987). Problems of water availability and water transfers in the world. Leningrad: Hydrometeoizdat.
Sullivan, C. A. (Ed.) (2000). Constructing a Water Poverty Index: A feasibility study. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology/DFID.
Sullivan, C. A. (2002). Calculating a water poverty index. World Development, 30(7), 1195–1210.CrossRef
Sullivan, C. A., et al. (2003). The water poverty index: Development and application at the community scale. Natural Resources Forum, 27, (pp. 189–199). London: Butterworths.
Sullivan, C. A., Meigh, J. R., & Fediw, T. (2002). Developing and testing the Water Poverty Index: Phase 1 final technical report. Report to Department for International Development, CEH Wallingford.
Vörösmarty, C. J., et al. (2000). Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change & population growth. Science, 289(5477), 284.CrossRef
Yang, H., Reichert, P., Abbaspour, K., & Zehnder, A. (2003). A water resources threshold and its implications for food security. Environmental Science & Technology American Chemical Society, 37(2003), 3048–3054.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Multidimensional Analysis of Water Poverty in MENA Region: An Empirical Comparison with Physical Indicators
verfasst von
Hatem Jemmali
Caroline A. Sullivan
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2014
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Social Indicators Research / Ausgabe 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0218-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2014

Social Indicators Research 1/2014 Zur Ausgabe

OriginalPaper

Why Do Pacific People with Multiple Ethnic Affiliations Have Poorer Subjective Wellbeing? Negative Ingroup Affect Mediates the Identity Tension Effect

Editorial

Letter from the Incoming Editor-in-Chief

OriginalPaper

The Impact of Democracy on Well-being

OriginalPaper

The Effects of School Choice on Parental School Participation and School Satisfaction in Korea

OriginalPaper

The Counting-Based Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty: The Focus on Economic Resources, Inner Capabilities, and Relational Resources in the United States

OriginalPaper

What Defines Quality of Life? The Gap Between Public Policies and Locally Defined Indicators Among Residents of Kodagu, Karnataka (India)

Premium Partner

    Bildnachweise