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2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. National Image from a Constructivist Perspective

verfasst von : Xiangfei Meng

Erschienen in: National Image

Verlag: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

From the ontological perspective, national image was traditionally seen as an entity with objective reality and even invariability.

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Fußnoten
1
Wang (2006, p. 118).
 
2
Shixiong et al. (2009, pp. 224–225).
 
3
Alexander (1999, p. 18).
 
4
Alexander (2003, p. 160).
 
5
Alexander (2003, pp. 159–160).
 
6
Alexander (2003, p. 161).
 
7
Alexander (2003, p. 96).
 
8
Alexander (2008, p. 20).
 
9
Alexander (2008, p. 19).
 
10
Alexander (2003, pp. 140–141).
 
11
Alexander (2003, p. 141).
 
12
Alexander (2003, p. 20).
 
13
Alexander (2003, p. 224).
 
14
Alexander (2003, p. 160).
 
15
Alexander (2003, pp. 224–227, 229).
 
16
Alexander (2003, p. 231).
 
17
Changping (2002, p. 93).
 
18
Alexander (2008, p. 23).
 
19
Alexander (2003, p. 247).
 
20
Alexander (2003, pp. 246–312).
 
21
Shuyong (2001, p. 4).
 
22
Yongtao (1998).
 
23
Shuyong (2001, p. 5).
 
24
Alexander (1995).
 
25
Alexander (2008, p. 20).
 
26
Shixiong et al. (2009, p. 224).
 
27
Alexander (2003, p. 177).
 
28
Shuyong (2001, pp. 175–177).
 
29
Qingling and Aihua (2006).
 
30
Alexander (2003, p. 236).
 
31
Zhi (2011, p. 25).
 
32
Zhi (2011, p. 47).
 
33
Ido (2003, p. 9).
 
34
Xiaosong (2002, pp. 7–10).
 
35
Littlejohn and Foss (2008, p. 2).
 
36
Norbert (1989, p. 27).
 
37
Zhengrong (1997, p. 62).
 
38
Here, “meaning” refers to (1) an object’s meaning given by subjects and (2) a symbol’s implied spirit.
 
39
Zhi (2011, p. 45).
 
40
Wang (2006b).
 
41
Youfu (2009, p. 17).
 
42
Heidegger (1962, p. 155).
 
43
Lacey (1996, p. 168).
 
44
Jürgen (1984, pp. 111–112).
 
45
Duan (2007, p. 8).
 
46
Zhi (2011, p. 51).
 
47
百度百科, literal: Baidu Encyclopedia, is a collaborative and web-based Chinese encyclopedia developed by Chinese technology company Baidu, Inc, known for creating the eponymous search engine Baidu. Its test and official versions were released on April 20, 2006 and April 21, 2008, respectively. As of February 2018, Baidu baike has already included over 152 million articles covering almost all subject areas, with over 6.44 million netizens participated in content editing. The explanation of “information” can be found at: https://​baike.​baidu.​com/​item/​%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF/​111163?​fr=​aladdin, cited on March 22, 2019.
 
48
Mark and Wolfgang (eds.) (2017, p. 170).
 
49
Norbert (1989, p. 17).
 
50
The “fictional environment” is permeated with media’s own thoughts and views, reflecting certain positions and political leanings.
 
51
Walter (1998, p. 15).
 
52
Ying (2005, p. 163).
 
53
Alexander (2003, p. 335).
 
54
Zhang (2009).
 
55
Stevenson (2002).
 
56
Armand. Entrevue dans Le Monde,1 février (2002, p. 118).
 
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Metadaten
Titel
National Image from a Constructivist Perspective
verfasst von
Xiangfei Meng
Copyright-Jahr
2020
Verlag
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3147-7_3