Numerical Investigation into the Effects of Fuel Injection Parameters and Piston Bowl Geometry on Exhaust Pollutants and Performance of Diesel Engine

For diesel engines, the fuel injection parameters and piston bowl geometry (PBG) significantly influence the working process and exhaust emissions. This paper presents the research results on the effects of the fuel injection parameters such as the diameter of the spray nozzles, injection pressure, the start of injection (SOI), and diameter of fuel particles injected into the cylinder in combination with optimizing PBG on the performance and exhaust emissions of the diesel engine ISUZU 4BD1T. The study procedure was conducted using the specialized simulation software Diesel-RK. The study results showed that the optimization of fuel injection parameters, including reducing the diameter of the spray nozzles, decreasing the fuel jet inclination angle, reducing the SOI, and combined with the proposed PBG, significantly reduces fuel consumption by 2.0 g/kWh, NO_x by 10.1%, and soot by 29.5%.