2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Pictures Are Visually Processed; Symbols Are also Recognized
verfasst von : Peter W. Coppin
Erschienen in: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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What makes a representation pictorial?
I respond to this question as a small step toward a perceptual-cognitive understanding of graphic representation properties that play important roles in the usability of information systems. Here, I focus to capabilities that play a role in whether material objects are visually processed or recognized as pictorial or symbolized representations. I distinguish pictorial and symbolized information in terms of how each makes use of “less-learned”
perceptual emulation
capabilities that evolved to enable reaction to real-time environmental changes, and
more-learned
capabilities to
recognize
features in order to
predict and plan (“simulate”)
future changes from
memory traces
of past percepts.
Pictorial information
makes use of these capabilities to cause perceptual emulation of environmental surfaces that are not part of the marked surface and are referred to here as
“pictured.”
Symbolized (visual) information
is conceived here as visual information from a visual representation, that, through learning and recognition, causes retrieval of memory traces that serve as resources for the construction of mental simulations beyond (or other than) what is pictured. By locating information and representation at the intersection of perceiver and environment, a preliminary model to address the perplexing problem of distinguishing pictorial from symbolized representations is introduced.