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Environmental Earth Sciences
Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences 22/2021

01.11.2021 | Original Article

Quantitative assessment of regional land use and climate change impact on runoff across Gilgit watershed

verfasst von: Muhammad Shahid, Khalil Ur Rahman, Sajjad Haider, Hamza Farooq Gabriel, Abdul Jabbar Khan, Quoc Bao Pham, Chaitanya B. Pande, Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh, Duong Tran Anh

Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences | Ausgabe 22/2021

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Abstract

Regional climate change (CC) and land use changes (LUCs) can significantly influence the hydrological processes at watershed scale. Different studies have investigated the impact of climate change in the Indus Basin. However, there is a need to investigate the impact of environmental changes on the regional hydrology over a complex topographic region. This study quantitatively assesses the relative contributions of CC and LUC on runoff alterations across Gilgit watershed by using multivariable calibration approach using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Mann–Kendall (MK) and Pettitt tests are applied to identify the trends and changes in runoff and climatic variables during 1985–2013. The supervised classification is performed to acquire land use maps and other quantitative details required for the analyses. Moreover, Indicators of Hydrologic Alterations (IHA) analyses were performed for the first time in the Gilgit watershed to investigate the impact of CC and LUCs during the pre- and post-impact periods. The results demonstrated that precipitation, temperature, and runoff of the Gilgit watershed presented significant increasing trends. The change point using Pettitt test is depicted in 1999, 1995, and 1998, respectively. The mean annual increasing rate of precipitation, temperature, and runoff is 4.92 mm/year, 0.04 °C/year, and 2.60 m3/year, respectively. SWAT model performed well and the relative attributed contribution of CC to runoff change is 97.22% and it is 2.78% for LUC. The IHA results showed that runoff has significantly increased in post-impact (1999–2013) as compared to pre-impact (1985–1998), which was further confirmed by analyzing the IHA results using percent bias (PBIAS). Significant overestimation of runoff (higher runoff in post-impact period) was observed in the wet (maximum runoff) season. This study demonstrated that the high contribution of CC to runoff change is mainly due to the change in climate variables and global warming trends.
Vorheriger Artikel Transition of rural landscape patterns in Southwest China's mountainous area: a case study based on the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Nächster Artikel Geochemical monitoring of deionized seawater injected underground during construction of an LPG rock cavern in Namikata, Japan, for the safety water curtain system

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Metadaten
Titel
Quantitative assessment of regional land use and climate change impact on runoff across Gilgit watershed
verfasst von
Muhammad Shahid
Khalil Ur Rahman
Sajjad Haider
Hamza Farooq Gabriel
Abdul Jabbar Khan
Quoc Bao Pham
Chaitanya B. Pande
Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh
Duong Tran Anh
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Environmental Earth Sciences / Ausgabe 22/2021
Print ISSN: 1866-6280
Elektronische ISSN: 1866-6299
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-10032-x

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