Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

verfasst von: David M. Whitacre

Verlag: Springer New York

Buchreihe : Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Aquatic Toxicology of Perfluorinated Chemicals

Abstract

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are fluorinated at all of the valence electrons of the carbon atoms in organic molecules, or at least a portion of the molecule is perfluorinated (Fig. 1). All PFCs are synthetic and many have been used in commercially available products or released as byproducts. A partial list of the compounds that are known to have been manufactured and/or released into the environment is given in Table 1. These compounds vary in structure, and thus exhibit different environmental fates and toxicities. Unfortunately, there is presently little information on the chemical–physical properties of most PFCs, and even less toxicity information is available on these compounds.

John P. Giesy, Jonathan E. Naile, Jong Seong Khim, Paul D. Jones, John L. Newsted

Occurrence and Fate of Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals from a wide spectrum of therapeutic classes are used in human medicine worldwide. Pharmaceutically active compounds are defined as substances used for prevention, diagnosis or treatment of a disease and for restoring, correcting or modifying organic functions (Daughton and Ternes 1999). Pharmaceuticals include more than 4000 molecules with different physico-chemical and biological properties and distinct modes of biochemical action (Beausse 2004). Most medical substances are administrated orally. After administration, some drugs are metabolised, while others remain intact before being excreted. Therefore, a mixture of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites will enter municipal sewage and sewage treatment plants (STP; Kümmerer 2004).

Sara C. Monteiro, Alistair B.A. Boxall

Chemistry and Environmental Fate of Fenoxycarb

Abstract

Jonathan J. Sullivan

Backmatter

Titel: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
verfasst von: David M. Whitacre
Verlag: Springer New York
Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4419-1157-5
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1156-8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1157-5