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Rheologica Acta

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07.12.2019 | Original Contribution

Rheological properties for fresh cement paste from colloidal suspension to the three-element Kelvin–Voigt model

verfasst von: Jena Jeong, Edgar Chuta, Hamidréza Ramézani, Samuel Guillot

Erschienen in: Rheologica Acta | Ausgabe 1/2020

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Abstract

In the present work, rheological behaviors of fresh cement paste are studied based on multi-disciplinary approaches, i.e., colloidal suspension using attractive van der Waals force, rheology using the Bingham model and Bingham–Papanastasiou model, which are able to describe the behavior of cement pastes before and after yield stress, and finally the continuum mechanics based on Maxwell and Kelvin–Voigt models. To achieve this, the fresh cement paste with different water-to-cement ratios of 0.3 up to 0.6 is prepared. The attractive van der Waals forces are estimated based on the distances between solid cement particles, which vary at every single water-to-cement ratio. The rheology experiments of all water-to-cement ratios are performed using a rheometer. According to our experimental outcomes, the Bingham and Bingham–Papanastasiou models are applied in the modeling of the experimental curves and determination of yield stress and viscosity. Maxwell and the Kelvin–Voigt models are utilized in describing solid-like behavior before yield stress and fluid-like behavior beyond yield stress. It is observed that the increase of water generates a decrease in the viscosity, yield stress, and packing concentration of solids. It also increases the distances between two cement particles in the cement pastes. According to the modeling results, the Bingham–Papanastasiou model is well adapted for the cement paste flow due to its additional modeling parameter, which is known as m. The role of m is understood and described by linking the van der Waals interaction, rheology, and three-element Kelvin–Voigt model as a whole in function of water-to-cement ratio. m is understood as a key parameter in which the distance between particles affects the rheological behavior of fresh cement pastes. Lastly, the two-phase flow simulations have been successfully achieved and compared with the experiments. The conclusion and outlooks are summarized and discussed at the end of the paper.

Vorheriger Artikel Transient viscosity of fibre-filled composites incorporating evolution of fibre orientation and concentration

Nächster Artikel Collective viscosity model for shear thinning polymeric materials

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For this reason, the maximum interparticle force which is known as colloidal force is the most relevant parameter in rheology rather than Brownian movement.

The electrostatic forces (F_ES) between cement particles can be either repulsive between particles of identical charge or attractive between particles of opposite charge. The evaluation of the magnitude of these forces, whether attractive or repulsive, is complicated by the fact that the medium is a highly concentrated electrolyte in which ion activities cannot be approximated (Hackley et al. 2001). The improved fluidity of concrete by adding the organic admixture is considered to be caused mainly via the dispersion of solid particles. This comes from the electrostatic repulsive force due to the increase of the surface potential caused by the admixture adsorbed to the surface of solid particles. Additionally, it also comes from the steric repulsive force (F_Ste) based on the interaction between the adsorption layers of admixture (Uchikawa et al. 1997).

According to the literature, this value should be independent of particle size but it depends on ratio of water-to-cement. Basically, the value of ϕ depends on the size distribution and flow conditions (Dames et al. 2001) as well. [η]₁ stands for the linear part factor of Taylor series expansion of relative viscosity as below (Wagner and Woutersen 1994):

$$ \xi=\frac{\mu}{\mu_{0}}=1+[\eta]_{1} \phi + [\eta]_{2} \phi^{2}+ ...+ [\eta]_{m} \phi^{m}+ ... $$

(11)

ξ is the maximum solid volume concentration of cement paste.

In the colloid science, the property of thixotropy is the most famous rheological feature, which is found in many complex materials, especially colloidal systems (Wallevik 2005). It is associated with changes in rheological properties with time, even when the applied stress or strain rate is kept constant. The decrease of viscosity with time by application of shear and the recovery of viscosity when the material is at rest. Besides, viscosity changing is reversible. Based on the microstructural point, the thixotropy for cement paste comes from the break of flocculation or connected particles. The thixotropy of cementitious materials can be considered the coagulation of particles when shearing is not applied to the cement particles. Once the external shearing is applied to the cement paste, the particles will be separated. It is noted that the reversible behaviors of coagulation, separation, and coagulation of cement particles contribute to thixotropic behavior of cement paste. The decrease of viscosity of cement paste during the mixing with time is contributed by the change of microstructure (Wallevik 2003).

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Titel: Rheological properties for fresh cement paste from colloidal suspension to the three-element Kelvin–Voigt model
verfasst von: Jena Jeong
Edgar Chuta
Hamidréza Ramézani
Samuel Guillot
Publikationsdatum: 07.12.2019
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Rheologica Acta / Ausgabe 1/2020
Print ISSN: 0035-4511
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1528
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-019-01171-x

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