Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Rheologica Acta 2/2004

01.03.2004 | Original Contribution

Rheology and structure of precipitated silica and poly(dimethyl siloxane) system

verfasst von: Sang Eun Shim, Avraam I. Isayev

Erschienen in: Rheologica Acta | Ausgabe 2/2004

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The reinforcing capability of precipitated silica in poly(dimethyl siloxane: PDMS) was characterized by means of bound rubber formation, solvent swelling, yield stress, rheological and dynamic properties. Volume concentration of precipitated silica in PDMS was varied from 0 to 0.16. The homogeneity of the compounds after mixing was confirmed by studying a uniformity of dispersion of silica particles in PDMS via SEM morphology of vulcanizates. Bound rubber measurements of the compounds and solvent swelling studies of vulcanizates showed that the precipitated silica exhibited much stronger interaction with PDMS than that of typical carbon black with rubbers but less than that of fumed silica with PDMS. At high volume concentrations of silica (0.128 and 0.160), a yield behavior was evident from the storage modulus measurements. The network formation due to an interaction between the precipitated silica and PDMS was visualized via dynamic property measurements.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Allen JP (1983) Precipitated silica in silicone rubber. Elastomerics 115:34 Allen JP (1983) Precipitated silica in silicone rubber. Elastomerics 115:34
Zurück zum Zitat Aral BK, Kalyon DM (1997) Viscoelastic material functions of noncolloidal suspensions with spherical particles. J Rheol 41:599CrossRef Aral BK, Kalyon DM (1997) Viscoelastic material functions of noncolloidal suspensions with spherical particles. J Rheol 41:599CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Aranguren MI, Macosko CW, Thakkar B, Tirrell M (1990) Interfacial interaction in silica reinforce silicones. Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 170:303 Aranguren MI, Macosko CW, Thakkar B, Tirrell M (1990) Interfacial interaction in silica reinforce silicones. Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 170:303
Zurück zum Zitat Aranguren MI, Mora E, DeGroot JV Jr, Macosko CW (1992) Effect of reinforcing fillers on the rheology of polymer melts. J Rheol 36:1165 Aranguren MI, Mora E, DeGroot JV Jr, Macosko CW (1992) Effect of reinforcing fillers on the rheology of polymer melts. J Rheol 36:1165
Zurück zum Zitat Aranguren MI, Mora E, Macosko CW (1997) Compounding fumed silicas into polydimethylsiloxane: bound rubber and final aggregate size. J Colloid Interface Sci 195:329CrossRefPubMed Aranguren MI, Mora E, Macosko CW (1997) Compounding fumed silicas into polydimethylsiloxane: bound rubber and final aggregate size. J Colloid Interface Sci 195:329CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Bagley EB (1957) End corrections in the capillary flow of polyethylene. J Appl Phys 28:624 Bagley EB (1957) End corrections in the capillary flow of polyethylene. J Appl Phys 28:624
Zurück zum Zitat Berrod G, Vidal A, Papier E, Donnet JB (1981) Reinforcement of siloxane elastomer by silicas. Comparison between fumed and precipitated silicas in their interactions with an oligomers of poly(dimethylsiloxane). J Appl Polym Sci 26:1015CrossRef Berrod G, Vidal A, Papier E, Donnet JB (1981) Reinforcement of siloxane elastomer by silicas. Comparison between fumed and precipitated silicas in their interactions with an oligomers of poly(dimethylsiloxane). J Appl Polym Sci 26:1015CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bird RB, Armstrong RC, Hassager O (1987) Dynamics of polymeric liquids. 1. Fluid mechanics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York Bird RB, Armstrong RC, Hassager O (1987) Dynamics of polymeric liquids. 1. Fluid mechanics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Boonstra BB (1979) Role of particulate fillers in elastomer reinforcement: a review. Polymer 20:691CrossRef Boonstra BB (1979) Role of particulate fillers in elastomer reinforcement: a review. Polymer 20:691CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boonstra BB, Cochrane H, Dannenberg EM (1975) Reinforcement of silicone rubber by particulate silica. Rubber Chem Technol 48:558 Boonstra BB, Cochrane H, Dannenberg EM (1975) Reinforcement of silicone rubber by particulate silica. Rubber Chem Technol 48:558
Zurück zum Zitat Cantu TS, Caruthers JM (1982) Viscometric properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) filled with spherical silica particles. J Appl Polym Sci 27:3079CrossRef Cantu TS, Caruthers JM (1982) Viscometric properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) filled with spherical silica particles. J Appl Polym Sci 27:3079CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cox WP, Merz EH (1958) Correlation of dynamic and steady-flow viscosities. J Polym Sci 28:619CrossRef Cox WP, Merz EH (1958) Correlation of dynamic and steady-flow viscosities. J Polym Sci 28:619CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cross MM (1965) Rheology of non-Newtonian fluids: a new flow equation for pseudoplastic systems. J Colloid Sci 20:417 Cross MM (1965) Rheology of non-Newtonian fluids: a new flow equation for pseudoplastic systems. J Colloid Sci 20:417
Zurück zum Zitat Cross MM (1979) Relation between viscoelasticity and shear-thinning behavior in liquids. Rheol Acta 18:609 Cross MM (1979) Relation between viscoelasticity and shear-thinning behavior in liquids. Rheol Acta 18:609
Zurück zum Zitat Ferry JD (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York Ferry JD (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Frankel NA, Acrivos A (1967) The viscosity of a concentrated suspension of solid spheres. Chem Eng Sci 22:874 Frankel NA, Acrivos A (1967) The viscosity of a concentrated suspension of solid spheres. Chem Eng Sci 22:874
Zurück zum Zitat Guth E (1945) Theory of filler reinforcement. J Appl Phys 16:20 Guth E (1945) Theory of filler reinforcement. J Appl Phys 16:20
Zurück zum Zitat Havet G, Isayev AI (2001) A thermodynamic approach to the rheology of highly interactive filler-polymer mixtures. Part I. Theory. Rheol Acta 40:570 Havet G, Isayev AI (2001) A thermodynamic approach to the rheology of highly interactive filler-polymer mixtures. Part I. Theory. Rheol Acta 40:570
Zurück zum Zitat Havet G, Isayev AI (2003) A thermodynamic approach to the rheology of highly interactive filler-polymer mixtures. Part II. Comparison with polystyrene/nanosilica mixtures. Rheol Acta 42:47 Havet G, Isayev AI (2003) A thermodynamic approach to the rheology of highly interactive filler-polymer mixtures. Part II. Comparison with polystyrene/nanosilica mixtures. Rheol Acta 42:47
Zurück zum Zitat Highgate DJ, Whorlow RW (1970) Rheological properties of suspensions of spheres in non-Newtonian media. Rheol Acta 9:569 Highgate DJ, Whorlow RW (1970) Rheological properties of suspensions of spheres in non-Newtonian media. Rheol Acta 9:569
Zurück zum Zitat Kamal MR, Mutel A (1985) Rheological properties of suspensions in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. J Polym Eng 5:293 Kamal MR, Mutel A (1985) Rheological properties of suspensions in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. J Polym Eng 5:293
Zurück zum Zitat Kataoka T, Kitano T, Sasahara M, Nishijima K (1978) Viscosity of particle filled polymer melts. Rheol Acta 17:149 Kataoka T, Kitano T, Sasahara M, Nishijima K (1978) Viscosity of particle filled polymer melts. Rheol Acta 17:149
Zurück zum Zitat Kataoka T, Kitano T, Oyanagi Y, Sasahara M (1979) Viscous properties of calcium carbonate filled polymer melts. Rheol Acta 18:635 Kataoka T, Kitano T, Oyanagi Y, Sasahara M (1979) Viscous properties of calcium carbonate filled polymer melts. Rheol Acta 18:635
Zurück zum Zitat Kramer O, Hvidt S, Ferry JD (1994) Dynamic mechanical properties. In: Mark JE, Erman B, Eirich FR (eds) Science and technology of rubber, 2nd edn. Academy Press, San Diego Kramer O, Hvidt S, Ferry JD (1994) Dynamic mechanical properties. In: Mark JE, Erman B, Eirich FR (eds) Science and technology of rubber, 2nd edn. Academy Press, San Diego
Zurück zum Zitat Kraus G (1963) Swelling of filler-reinforced vulcanizates. J Appl Polym Sci 7:861CrossRef Kraus G (1963) Swelling of filler-reinforced vulcanizates. J Appl Polym Sci 7:861CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lewis FM (1962) The science and technology of silicone rubber. Rubber Chem Technol 35:1222 Lewis FM (1962) The science and technology of silicone rubber. Rubber Chem Technol 35:1222
Zurück zum Zitat Malkin AY (1990) Rheology of filled polymer. Adv Polym Sci 96:69 Malkin AY (1990) Rheology of filled polymer. Adv Polym Sci 96:69
Zurück zum Zitat Maron SH, Pierce PE (1956) Application of Ree-Eyring generalized flow theory to suspensions of spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 11:80 Maron SH, Pierce PE (1956) Application of Ree-Eyring generalized flow theory to suspensions of spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 11:80
Zurück zum Zitat Medalia AI (1967) Morphology of aggregates. I. Calculation of shape and bulkiness factors. Application to computer-simulated random flocs. J Colloid Interface Sci 24:393 Medalia AI (1967) Morphology of aggregates. I. Calculation of shape and bulkiness factors. Application to computer-simulated random flocs. J Colloid Interface Sci 24:393
Zurück zum Zitat Medalia AI (1972) Effective degree of immobilization of rubber occluded within carbon black aggregates. Rubber Chem Technol 45:1171 Medalia AI (1972) Effective degree of immobilization of rubber occluded within carbon black aggregates. Rubber Chem Technol 45:1171
Zurück zum Zitat Metzner AB (1985) Rheology of suspensions in polymeric liquids. J Rheol 29:739CrossRef Metzner AB (1985) Rheology of suspensions in polymeric liquids. J Rheol 29:739CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Minagawa NM, White JL (1976) The influence of titanium dioxide on the rheological and extrusion properties of polymer melts. J Appl Polym Sci 20:501 Minagawa NM, White JL (1976) The influence of titanium dioxide on the rheological and extrusion properties of polymer melts. J Appl Polym Sci 20:501
Zurück zum Zitat Mooney M (1931) Explicit formulas for slip and fluidity. J Rheol 2:210 Mooney M (1931) Explicit formulas for slip and fluidity. J Rheol 2:210
Zurück zum Zitat Mooney M (1951) The viscosity of a concentrated suspension of spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 6:162 Mooney M (1951) The viscosity of a concentrated suspension of spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 6:162
Zurück zum Zitat Nielsen LE, Landel RF (1994) Mechanical properties of polymers and composites, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York Nielsen LE, Landel RF (1994) Mechanical properties of polymers and composites, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Okel TA, Waddell WH (1994) Silica properties rubber performance correlation—carbon black-filled rubber compounds. Rubber Chem Technol 67:217 Okel TA, Waddell WH (1994) Silica properties rubber performance correlation—carbon black-filled rubber compounds. Rubber Chem Technol 67:217
Zurück zum Zitat Okel TA, Waddell WH (1995) Effect of precipitated silica physical-properties on silicone rubber performance. Rubber Chem Technol 68:59 Okel TA, Waddell WH (1995) Effect of precipitated silica physical-properties on silicone rubber performance. Rubber Chem Technol 68:59
Zurück zum Zitat Onogi S, Masuda T. Matsumoto T (1970) Nonlinear behavior of viscoelastic materials. I. Disperse systems of polystyrene solution and carbon black. Trans Soc Rheol 14:275 Onogi S, Masuda T. Matsumoto T (1970) Nonlinear behavior of viscoelastic materials. I. Disperse systems of polystyrene solution and carbon black. Trans Soc Rheol 14:275
Zurück zum Zitat Payne AR (1960) A note on the existence of a yield point in the dynamic modulus of loaded vulcanizates. J Appl Polym Sci 7:127CrossRef Payne AR (1960) A note on the existence of a yield point in the dynamic modulus of loaded vulcanizates. J Appl Polym Sci 7:127CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Payne AR, Whittaker RE (1972) Effect of vulcanization on the low-strain dynamic properties of filled rubbers. J Appl Polym Sci 16:119CrossRef Payne AR, Whittaker RE (1972) Effect of vulcanization on the low-strain dynamic properties of filled rubbers. J Appl Polym Sci 16:119CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Roland CM (1990) Dynamic mechanical behavior of filled rubber at small strains. J Rheol 34:25CrossRef Roland CM (1990) Dynamic mechanical behavior of filled rubber at small strains. J Rheol 34:25CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schatz M, Svehla K (1966a) Silicone rubber III. method for determination of polymer-filler interaction in silicone rubber. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Technol 10:5 Schatz M, Svehla K (1966a) Silicone rubber III. method for determination of polymer-filler interaction in silicone rubber. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Technol 10:5
Zurück zum Zitat Schatz M, Svehla K (1966b) Silicone rubber. IV. polymer-filler interaction in silicone rubber. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Technol 10:11 Schatz M, Svehla K (1966b) Silicone rubber. IV. polymer-filler interaction in silicone rubber. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Technol 10:11
Zurück zum Zitat Shailesh D, Bice JE, Okel TA (1998) Effect of silica on the viscoelastic properties of a model tread compound. Rubber World 218:21 Shailesh D, Bice JE, Okel TA (1998) Effect of silica on the viscoelastic properties of a model tread compound. Rubber World 218:21
Zurück zum Zitat Shenoy AV (1999) Rheology of filled polymer systems. Kluwer, The Netherlands Shenoy AV (1999) Rheology of filled polymer systems. Kluwer, The Netherlands
Zurück zum Zitat Shim SE, Isayev AI (2001) Ultrasonic devulcanization of precipitated silica filled silicone. Rubber Chem Technol 74:303 Shim SE, Isayev AI (2001) Ultrasonic devulcanization of precipitated silica filled silicone. Rubber Chem Technol 74:303
Zurück zum Zitat Smallwood HM (1944) Limiting law of the reinforcement of rubber. J Appl Phys 15:758 Smallwood HM (1944) Limiting law of the reinforcement of rubber. J Appl Phys 15:758
Zurück zum Zitat Southwart DW (1970) Silicone rubber/silica system. 6. structural considerations. J Inst Rubber Ind 4:77 Southwart DW (1970) Silicone rubber/silica system. 6. structural considerations. J Inst Rubber Ind 4:77
Zurück zum Zitat Southwart DW (1976) Comparison of bound rubber and swelling in silicone rubber-silica mixes and in silicone rubber vulcanizates. Polymer 17:147CrossRef Southwart DW (1976) Comparison of bound rubber and swelling in silicone rubber-silica mixes and in silicone rubber vulcanizates. Polymer 17:147CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Southwart DW, Hunt T (1968a) Silicone rubber-silicon dioxide system I. J Inst Rubber Ind 2:77 Southwart DW, Hunt T (1968a) Silicone rubber-silicon dioxide system I. J Inst Rubber Ind 2:77
Zurück zum Zitat Southwart DW, Hunt T (1968b) Silicone rubber-silicon dioxide II. Creep curing. J Inst Rubber Ind 2:79 Southwart DW, Hunt T (1968b) Silicone rubber-silicon dioxide II. Creep curing. J Inst Rubber Ind 2:79
Zurück zum Zitat Tanaka H, White JL (1980) Experimental investigations of shear and elongational flow properties of polystyrene melts reinforced with calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and carbon black. Polym Eng Sci 20:949 Tanaka H, White JL (1980) Experimental investigations of shear and elongational flow properties of polystyrene melts reinforced with calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and carbon black. Polym Eng Sci 20:949
Zurück zum Zitat Thomas DG (1965) Transport characteristics of suspension. VIII. A note on the viscosity of Newtonian suspensions of uniform spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 20:267 Thomas DG (1965) Transport characteristics of suspension. VIII. A note on the viscosity of Newtonian suspensions of uniform spherical particles. J Colloid Sci 20:267
Zurück zum Zitat Vinogradov GV, Malkin AY (1980) Rheology of polymers. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Vinogradov GV, Malkin AY (1980) Rheology of polymers. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Zurück zum Zitat Vinogradov GV, Malkin AY, Plotnikova EP, Sabsai OYu, Nikolayeva NE (1970) Rheological properties of carbon black-filled polymers. Probl Teplo-Massoperenosa 222 Vinogradov GV, Malkin AY, Plotnikova EP, Sabsai OYu, Nikolayeva NE (1970) Rheological properties of carbon black-filled polymers. Probl Teplo-Massoperenosa 222
Zurück zum Zitat Vondracek P, Schatz M (1976) Polymer-filler interaction. VI. Silicone rubber-fume silica interaction in unvulcanized compounds. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Chem Technol C24:77 Vondracek P, Schatz M (1976) Polymer-filler interaction. VI. Silicone rubber-fume silica interaction in unvulcanized compounds. Sb Vys Sk Chem-Technol Praze Org Chem Technol C24:77
Zurück zum Zitat Vondracek P, Schatz M (1977) Bound rubber and crepe hardening in silicone rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 21:3211CrossRef Vondracek P, Schatz M (1977) Bound rubber and crepe hardening in silicone rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 21:3211CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Waldrop MA, Kraus G (1969) Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interaction of SBR with carbon black. Rubber Chem Technol 42:1155 Waldrop MA, Kraus G (1969) Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interaction of SBR with carbon black. Rubber Chem Technol 42:1155
Zurück zum Zitat Wolff S, Wang M-J (1992) Filler-elastomer interactions. Part IV. The effect of the surface energies of fillers on elastomer reinforcement. Rubber Chem Technol 65:329 Wolff S, Wang M-J (1992) Filler-elastomer interactions. Part IV. The effect of the surface energies of fillers on elastomer reinforcement. Rubber Chem Technol 65:329
Zurück zum Zitat Ziegelbaur RS, Caruthers JM (1985) Rheological properties of poly(dimethyl siloxane) filled with fumed silica. I. Hysteresis behavior. J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech 17:45 Ziegelbaur RS, Caruthers JM (1985) Rheological properties of poly(dimethyl siloxane) filled with fumed silica. I. Hysteresis behavior. J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech 17:45
Metadaten
Titel
Rheology and structure of precipitated silica and poly(dimethyl siloxane) system
verfasst von
Sang Eun Shim
Avraam I. Isayev
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2004
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Rheologica Acta / Ausgabe 2/2004
Print ISSN: 0035-4511
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1528
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-003-0327-6

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2004

Rheologica Acta 2/2004 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.