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Erschienen in:
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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Sharing Information (or Not) for Computer Development

verfasst von : Bernadette Longo

Erschienen in: Words and Power

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter describes how computer developers shared information about technology innovations in the early 1940s and through World War II. During this period, much information about computer development was isolated in university laboratories where people worked under national security restrictions. In the absence of formal communication channels for sharing information, computer developers relied on personal relationships and face-to-face meetings to learn about new designs and approaches to automatic machine calculation. In this period, information was largely shared among people who had established contacts with leaders in the field of computer development, yet they often found that they had difficulty sharing information because of differences in terminology they developed in isolated laboratories.

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Fußnoten
1
Atanasoff and Iowa State University did not complete their patent application for the ABC computer. Mauchly’s visit became the basis for a patent dispute when Mauchly did apply for a patent for the ENIAC computer design [19].
 
2
In 1971, John Atanasoff was called to testify about his design of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer and his 1941 meeting with John Mauchly in the Honeywell vs. Sperry Rand patent dispute. US District Court Judge Eric Larson found “the testimony of Atanasoff with respect to the knowledge and information derived by Mauchly to be credible” [20], thus affirming that Atanasoff originated the design for an electronic computer that was subsequently used in the design of the ENIAC at the Moore School.
 
3
Universities represented were Harvard, Brown, University of Pennsylvania, MIT, University of Michigan, University of Vermont, Princeton University, and the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Private businesses represented were Bell Laboratories, General Electric, National Cash Register Corporation (NCR), International Business Machines (IBM), Eastman Kodak, Foxboro Instrument Company, and United Aircraft Corporation of Stamford, Connecticut. Governments and military organizations represented were Aberdeen Army Proving Ground, Office of Research and Inventions, Carnegie Institution of Science, National Research Council Committee in the USA and England, Ballistic Research Laboratory, Naval Research Laboratory, Bureau of Ships, Hydrographic Office of the US Navy, and the Bureau of Ordnance.
 
4
Although von Neumann’s name was listed as the sole author of the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC that was distributed outside the Moore School laboratory, the report represented work done by John Mauchly, Presper Eckert, and other members of the team working on the EDVAC in that laboratory.
 
5
This new association was originally named the Eastern Association for Computing Machinery, but the work “Eastern” was dropped by December 1947 as membership rapidly grew in numbers and geography.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Sharing Information (or Not) for Computer Development
verfasst von
Bernadette Longo
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Buch
Words and Power

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-70372-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-70373-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70373-8_4

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