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2014 | Buch

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Smart Biomaterials

verfasst von: Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, Young-Jin Kim, John M. Hoffman, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi

Verlag: Springer Japan

Buchreihe : NIMS Monographs

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book provides comprehensive coverage of smart biomaterials and their potential applications, a field that is developing at a very rapid pace. Because smart biomaterials are an emerging class of biomaterials that respond to small changes in external stimuli with large discontinuous changes in their physical properties, they have been designed to act as an “on–off” switch for, among others, bio separation, immunoanalysis, drug delivery technologies, gene therapy, diagnostics, bio sensors and artificial muscles. After an introduction to the topic and the history of smart biomaterials, the author gives the reader an in-depth look at the properties, mechanics, and characterization of smart biomaterials including hydrogels, particles, assemblies, surfaces, fibers and conjugates. Information on the wide range of applications for these materials follows, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, diagnostics, biosensors, bio separation and actuators. In addition, recent advances in shape memory biomaterials as active components of medical devices are also presented.

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introductory Guide to Smart Biomaterials

Abstract

There has been a renewal of interest in controlling biological events and a considerable number of studies have been conducted on designing of novel materials to meet these applications. Some special types of polymers, for example, have emerged as a very useful class of polymers and have their own special chemical properties and applications in various areas. These polymers are called “smart polymers”. The characteristic feature that actually makes them smart is their ability to respond to very slight changes in the surrounding environment. The uniqueness of these materials lies not only in the fast macroscopic changes occurring in their structure but also these transitions being reversible. This chapter introduces a novel functionalization method of isopropylacrylamide-type monomers and their polymers, which have been studies most extensively. Use of these monomers can synergistically combine the individual properties of the two or more components to yield new and desirable properties.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 2. Smart Hydrogels

Abstract

Hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) materials with the ability to absorb large amounts of water while maintaining their dimensional stability. Hydrogels with stimuli-responsive properties can undergo reversible volume phase transitions or gel–sol phase transitions upon minute changes in the environmental condition. These types of stimuli-responsive hydrogels are also called ‘smart’ hydrogels. Many physical and chemical stimuli have been applied to induce various responses of the smart hydrogel systems. This chapter focuses on smart hydrogels from the viewpoints of their preparation methods, characterizations, and applications.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 3. Smart Nanoassemblies and Nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanoassemblies and nanoparticles have been developed with progress in nanotechnology and have been applied to a wide range of fields such as drug delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging. The emergence of living radical polymerization (LRP) and click chemistry, moreover, has led the simple synthesis of nanomaterials with complex functionalities. Today, we can easily design desirable nanostructures by the combination of these excellent preparation methods. The synthesis and characterization methods are discussed in this chapter. Special attention is paid to the recent advances of stimuli-responsive nanoassemblies and nanoparticles. Applications for targeted drug delivery, biosensing/bioimaging, and other fields are also discussed. The chapter ends with an overview of some of the future trends in applications in biotechnology and biomedicine.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 4. Smart Surfaces

Abstract

Surfaces or interfaces exist as a two-phase intermolecular force discontinuity, and thus, surfaces are normally at a high energy level. This makes surfaces very unique. Over time, the focus of research has moved to the design of materials with “smart” surface behavior. This chapter describes some general routes for the design of smart surfaces. Then, the latest research on materials with dynamically controllable surface properties is introduced. Recent biomedical applications of smart surfaces such as the adsorption control of biomolecules, tissue engineering, and bioseparation are also introduced.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 5. Smart Nanofibers

Abstract

Over the past few years, increased attention has been given to stimulus-responsive and/or smart polymeric nanofibers owing to their ability to act as an ‘on–off’ reversible switch. Their structures are uniquely advantageous because their nanoscale features provide an extremely large surface area and high porosity, which increase the sensitivity to external stimuli, whereas their macroscopic features enable facile manipulation as a bulk matter. In addition, polymeric nanofibers can be manufactured at a low cost in large quantities. Indeed, polymeric nanofibers have already been utilized in the clinical field as wound dressings and antiadhesive membranes. Taken together, these advantages on both the nano- and macroscopic scales demonstrate that dynamically and reversibly tunable structures of smart nanofibers have the potential to be utilized for ‘on–off’ delivery of drugs or cells.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 6. Smart Bioconjugates

Abstract

Bioconjugations with synthetic polymers have been a versatile way to add new value, advanced features and unique properties to biomolecules. Smart polymer-protein conjugates have been investigated over the past 30 years. Since the conjugation of smart polymer to single molecule can generate a nano-scale switch, many researchers have conjugated smart polymers to proteins for a great variety of applications in affinity separations, enzyme bioprocesses, drug delivery, diagnostics and biosensors, cell culture processes including tissue engineering, and DNA motors. Biomolecules that can be conjugated with smart polymers include not only proteins but also peptides, polysaccharides, and DNA, and lipids etc. This chapter reviews different types of smart polymer-biomolecule conjugates that have been developed in the last decades.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Chapter 7. Shape-Memory Materials

Abstract

Shape-memory materials are a class of “smart” materials that have the capability to change from a temporary shape to a memorized permanent shape upon application of an external stimulus. In particular, shape-memory polymers (SMPs) represent a cheap and efficient alternative to well-known metallic shape-memory alloys because they are relatively easy to manufacture and program. Thermally induced SMPs are the most extensively investigated group of SMPs. The use of SMPs as self-repairing or rewritable materials has found growing interest in environmentally friendly technologies. In this chapter, we review different types of shape-memory material, which have been developed in the last few decades.

Mitsuhiro Ebara, Yohei Kotsuchibashi, Koichiro Uto, Takao Aoyagi, Young-Jin Kim, Ravin Narain, Naokazu Idota, John M. Hoffman

Titel: Smart Biomaterials
verfasst von: Mitsuhiro Ebara
Yohei Kotsuchibashi
Ravin Narain
Naokazu Idota
Young-Jin Kim
John M. Hoffman
Koichiro Uto
Takao Aoyagi
Copyright-Jahr: 2014
Verlag: Springer Japan
Electronic ISBN: 978-4-431-54400-5
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54399-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54400-5

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