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2022 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Solar Energy in Water Treatment Processes—An Overview

verfasst von : Ashish Unnarkat, Ayush Bhavsar, Samyak Ostwal, Pancham Vashi, Swapnil Dharaskar

Erschienen in: Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Water remains at the centre of human survival on the planet earth. Water availability and its consumption pattern in the world have drastically changed over the past few decades. The rising population and changes in the standard of living have put stress on the water bodies, and major countries around the globe are on the verge of facing serious water scarcity. Earth has an abundance of water but is not in usable form. It demands technologies that can provide fresh water for the people but must be economical, sustainable and less energy-intensive. Desalination is the solution, but the conventional techniques are energy-intensive processes and not eco-friendly. Solar energy has come out as a sustainable and greener energy source for carrying out desalination. Solar energy for desalination has been widely explored in recent times. Another major problem with developing countries is handling water-borne diseases, which lead to major health issues and fatalities. Solar energy comes to the rescue here, and its application for the disinfection of water will cater to the need for safe water, improving community health and providing a sustainable solution. The chapter presents a review on the application of solar energy in two broader domains of water treatment; (a) water desalination and (b) water disinfection. The chapter discusses the different types of solar integrated desalination technologies with their uniqueness and limitations. Recent developments for the most common desalination technologies of multi-stage flash (MSF), vapour compression (VC), multi-effect distillation (MED), and reverse osmosis (RO), and electro-dialysis (ED) are discussed. Solar energy-based technologies will prove to be an alternative to the current technologies in water treatment and disinfection, the price will remain the concern, but this will be overcome with the efforts and technological improvement in the field. Solar energy and its utilization in the water treatment process make its way as the potential solution for all safe and clean drinking water.

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Titel: Solar Energy in Water Treatment Processes—An Overview
verfasst von: Ashish Unnarkat
Ayush Bhavsar
Samyak Ostwal
Pancham Vashi
Swapnil Dharaskar
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-98201-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-98202-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98202-7_17