Spectrum sensing defending against PUE attack based on fractal dimension

To address the issue of spectrum scarcity in future communication for smart world, cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as a promising solution. In CR, spectrum sensing is the premise and key technology. To defense against the PUE attack in spectrum sensing, two spectrum sensing methods against PUE attack based on fractal dimension are proposed, which are spectrum sensing defending against PUE attack based on normalized Sevcik fractal dimension in frequency domain (SSMS) and spectrum sensing defending against PUE attack based on normalized Sevcik fractal dimension in frequency domain and normalized Petrosian fractal dimension (SSMSP). They identify the modulation type of the received signal by SVM classifier according to the fractal dimension of the received signal to detect PUE attack. The simulation results show that the two proposed methods can effectively identify the modulation type and detect the PUE attack. When SNR is larger than 10 dB, the PUE detection probabilities of both SSMS and SSMSP can reach 100%. Even when SNR is \(-\,20\) dB, the PUE detection probabilities are still larger than 97%. Therefore, SSMS and SSMSP can effectively defend against PUE attack.