Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Wireless Personal Communications 3/2022

09.04.2022

Strongly Connected Ramanujan Graphs for Highly Symmetric LDPC Codes

verfasst von: Hussein Al-Hamdani, Aqiel Almamori, Seshadri Mohan

Erschienen in: Wireless Personal Communications | Ausgabe 3/2022

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

A number of studies focus on Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes to ensure reliable data communications. This study proposes an algebraic algorithm to generate strongly connected Ramanujan graphs able to provide highly symmetric LDPC codes with minimized error floor. Several Ramanujan graphs are created using GAP system software to generate a rank-efficient parity-check matrix with fixed-rate LDPC codes. We find that Ramanujan LDPC codes achieve frame error rate and bit error rate on the order of \({10}^{-5}\) and \({10}^{-6}\), respectively. Furthermore, the codes outperform QC LDPC codes and those Ramanujan LDPC codes in literature.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Cover, T. M., & Thomas, J. A. (2006). Elements of information theory, hoboken. Wiley.MATH Cover, T. M., & Thomas, J. A. (2006). Elements of information theory, hoboken. Wiley.MATH
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Margulis, G. A. (1982). Explicit constructions of graphs without short cycles and low density codes. Combinatorica, 2(1), 71–78.MathSciNetCrossRef Margulis, G. A. (1982). Explicit constructions of graphs without short cycles and low density codes. Combinatorica, 2(1), 71–78.MathSciNetCrossRef
4.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenthal, J., & Vontobel, P. O. (2000). Constructions of ldpc codes using ramanujan graphs and ideas from Margulis. In Allerton conference on communication, control and computing, Allerton. Rosenthal, J., & Vontobel, P. O. (2000). Constructions of ldpc codes using ramanujan graphs and ideas from Margulis. In Allerton conference on communication, control and computing, Allerton.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat MacKay, D. J., & Postol, M. S. (2003). Weaknesses of margulis and ramanujan-margulis low-density parity-check codes. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 74, 97–104.CrossRef MacKay, D. J., & Postol, M. S. (2003). Weaknesses of margulis and ramanujan-margulis low-density parity-check codes. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 74, 97–104.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Jo, H., & Yamasaki, Y. (2018). LPS-type Ramanujan graphs. In 2018 international symposium on information theory and its applications (ISITA). Jo, H., & Yamasaki, Y. (2018). LPS-type Ramanujan graphs. In 2018 international symposium on information theory and its applications (ISITA).
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Liao, E., Yeo, E., & Nikolic, B. (2004). Low-density parity-check code constructions for hardware implementation. In 2004 IEEE international conference on communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577), Paris. Liao, E., Yeo, E., & Nikolic, B. (2004). Low-density parity-check code constructions for hardware implementation. In 2004 IEEE international conference on communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577), Paris.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Asvadi, R., Banihashemi, A. H., & Ahmadian-Attari, M. (2011). Lowering the error floor of LDPC codes using cyclic liftings. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 57(4), 2213–2224.MathSciNetCrossRef Asvadi, R., Banihashemi, A. H., & Ahmadian-Attari, M. (2011). Lowering the error floor of LDPC codes using cyclic liftings. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 57(4), 2213–2224.MathSciNetCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim, S.-R., & Shin, D.-J. (2013). Lowering error floors of systematic LDPC codes using data shortening. IEEE Communications Letters, 17(12), 2348–2351.CrossRef Kim, S.-R., & Shin, D.-J. (2013). Lowering error floors of systematic LDPC codes using data shortening. IEEE Communications Letters, 17(12), 2348–2351.CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Tolouei, S., & Banihashemi, A. H. (2014). Lowering the error floor of LDPC codes using multi-step quantization. IEEE Communications Letters, 18(1), 86–89.CrossRef Tolouei, S., & Banihashemi, A. H. (2014). Lowering the error floor of LDPC codes using multi-step quantization. IEEE Communications Letters, 18(1), 86–89.CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, H.-C., Chou, P.-C., & Ueng, Y.-L. (2018). An effective low-complexity error-floor lowering technique for high-rate QC-LDPC codes. IEEE Communications Letters, 22(10), 1988–1991.CrossRef Lee, H.-C., Chou, P.-C., & Ueng, Y.-L. (2018). An effective low-complexity error-floor lowering technique for high-rate QC-LDPC codes. IEEE Communications Letters, 22(10), 1988–1991.CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Soltanpur, C., Ghamari, M., Heravi, B. M., & Zare, F. (2017). Lowering error floors by concatenation of low-density parity-check and array code. International Journal of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, 11(4), 154–158. Soltanpur, C., Ghamari, M., Heravi, B. M., & Zare, F. (2017). Lowering error floors by concatenation of low-density parity-check and array code. International Journal of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, 11(4), 154–158.
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Karimi, B., & Banihashemi, A. H. (2021). Construction of irregular protograph-based QC-LDPC codes with low error floor. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 69(1), 1.CrossRef Karimi, B., & Banihashemi, A. H. (2021). Construction of irregular protograph-based QC-LDPC codes with low error floor. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 69(1), 1.CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, G., Hu, Y., Fang, Y., & Wang, J. (2019). Constructions of type-II QC-LDPC codes with girth eight from sidon sequence. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 67(6), 3865–3878.CrossRef Zhang, G., Hu, Y., Fang, Y., & Wang, J. (2019). Constructions of type-II QC-LDPC codes with girth eight from sidon sequence. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 67(6), 3865–3878.CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, G., Hu, Y., Ren, D., Liu, Y., & Yang, Y. (2020). Type-II QC-LDPC codes from multiplicative subgroup of prime field. IEEE Access, 8, 142459–142467.CrossRef Zhang, G., Hu, Y., Ren, D., Liu, Y., & Yang, Y. (2020). Type-II QC-LDPC codes from multiplicative subgroup of prime field. IEEE Access, 8, 142459–142467.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaufman, T., & Lubotzky, A. (2012). Edge transitive Ramanujan graphs and symmetric LDPC good codes. In R. Ann (Ed.), STOC ’12: Proceedings of the forty-fourth annual ACM symposium on theory of computing. New York: Springer. Kaufman, T., & Lubotzky, A. (2012). Edge transitive Ramanujan graphs and symmetric LDPC good codes. In R. Ann (Ed.), STOC ’12: Proceedings of the forty-fourth annual ACM symposium on theory of computing. New York: Springer.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Koetz, M. T. (2005). Algebraic constructions of low-density parity check codes. The University of Nebraska. Koetz, M. T. (2005). Algebraic constructions of low-density parity check codes. The University of Nebraska.
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Lubotzky, A. (2012). Expander graphs in pure and applied mathematics. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 49(1), 113–162.MathSciNetCrossRef Lubotzky, A. (2012). Expander graphs in pure and applied mathematics. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 49(1), 113–162.MathSciNetCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Mohar, B. (1989). Isoperimetric numbers of graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B, 47(3), 274–291.MathSciNetCrossRef Mohar, B. (1989). Isoperimetric numbers of graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B, 47(3), 274–291.MathSciNetCrossRef
24.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Davidoff, G., Sarnak, P., & Valette, A. (2003). Elementary number theory, group theory, and ramanujan graphs. Cambridge University Press.MATH Davidoff, G., Sarnak, P., & Valette, A. (2003). Elementary number theory, group theory, and ramanujan graphs. Cambridge University Press.MATH
Metadaten
Titel
Strongly Connected Ramanujan Graphs for Highly Symmetric LDPC Codes
verfasst von
Hussein Al-Hamdani
Aqiel Almamori
Seshadri Mohan
Publikationsdatum
09.04.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Wireless Personal Communications / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 0929-6212
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-834X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-022-09668-0

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2022

Wireless Personal Communications 3/2022 Zur Ausgabe

Neuer Inhalt