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2012 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Systemic Structure Behind Human Organizations

From Civilizations to Individuals

verfasst von: Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest

Verlag: Springer New York

Buchreihe : Contemporary Systems Thinking

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

​​Systemic Structure behind Human Organizations: From Civilizations to Individuals shows how the systemic yoyo model can be successfully employed to study human organizations at three different levels: civilizations, business enterprises, and individuals. This monograph tackles managerial problems from an holistic perspective such as how a business entity grows and dies and how a CEO can manipulate the choices of long- and short-term projects in order to gain more control over the board of directors. By creating a uniform language and logic of reasoning, the book provides examples and convincing results.

Additionally the book shows how the same model, thinking logic, and methodology of the systems research can be equally applied to analyze problems and situations considered in natural sciences, social sciences, and humanity areas. Therefore it offers knowledge of a brand new tool to attack organizational problems. By concentrating on difficult, unsettled issues in these varying areas, this monograph thoroughly explains how some laws of nature can be established for the common study of natural and social sciences.​

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
In 1924, von Bertalanffy formally introduced the concept of systems in biology by stating provokingly that
Because the fundamental character of living things is its organization, the customary investigation of individual parts and processes cannot provide a complete explanation of the phenomenon of life. This investigation gives us no information about the coordination of parts and processes. Thus the chief task of biology must be to discover the laws of biological systems (at all levels of organization). We believe that the attempts to find a foundation at this theoretical level point at fundamental changes in the world picture. This view, considered as a method of investigation, we call “organismic biology” and, as an attempt at an explanation, “the system theory of the organism.”
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest

Theoretical and Empirical Foundations

Frontmatter
Chapter 2. Characteristics of Whole Evolutions
Abstract
After introducing the brief history of the concept of systems and the systemic yoyo model in the previous chapter, we now in this chapter look at the theoretical foundation on why such an intuitive model of general systems holds for each and every system that is either tangible or imaginable.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 3. Several Empirical Justifications
Abstract
Continuing on what was done in the previous chapter, we will in this chapter study several empirical evidences and observations that underline the existence of the yoyo structure behind each and every system, which either tangibly exists or is intellectually imaginable.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 4. Elementary Properties of Systemic Yoyos
Abstract
To prepare the theoretical foundation for the rest of this book, in this chapter, based on the basic attributes of the yoyo model, we introduce the structure of meridian fields that helps to hold the dynamic spin field of the yoyo model together. With the spin field of a systemic yoyo structure fully established, we establish various properties of general systems, which will soon be fully employed in the following chapters in the investigation of social organizations of different scales from civilizations, the largest forms of human organizations, to individuals, the smallest units of social organizations.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest

Systemic Structure in Civilizations

Frontmatter
Chapter 5. The State of a Civilization
Abstract
In this chapter, we will look at the concept and internal structure of civilizations and reveal the mechanism underlying the many inexplicable phenomena observed in social organizations and human history from the angle of the systemic yoyo model (Wu and Lin 2002; Lin 2007) in order to provide some novel and practically useful explanations. Starting in this chapter and in the rest of this book we will see how systems science in general and the systemic yoyo model in particular can bring forward convincing and tangible results in social science based on sound scientific foundations. Due to the novelty of reasoning and sound conclusions derived from solid scientific foundations, it is expected that this work will produce results that can be truly useful for policy-makers at the national and international levels.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 6. Interaction Between Civilizations
Abstract
In this chapter, we apply the general thinking logic and methodology of the systemic yoyo model to provide novel resolutions for some of the very important questions studied in the research of history and civilizations regarding the interactions between civilizations. What can be concluded, as shown in the rest of this chapter surely proves the merit of this approach.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 7. Turmoil Within a Civilization
Abstract
In this chapter, we will see how the systemic yoyo model and the relevant results can be beautifully employed in the study of the peace and harmony between civilizations, and chaos experienced by civilizations, how economic prosperities travel, and how Westernization and modernization are related.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest

Systemic Structure beneath Business Organizations

Chapter 8. Economic Entities Seen as Spinning Systemic Yoyos
Abstract
As suggested by the title, in this part of the book, we will focus on how the systemic yoyo model and its relevant figurative analysis method can be not only applied to the study of the laws of motion, astronomy, and the three-body problem, where Newton’s laws have been historically considered as one of the main reasons why physics is an “exact” science, but also equally applicable to inexact studies such as economics, evolutions of business, and management, which are parts of social sciences. Situations studied in these areas of social sciences are fundamentally different from those considered in natural sciences because humans are involved in each economic and management situation and their desires always alter the evolution of the outcome, leading to unpredictable, chaotic consequences. What is presented in this part of the book shows that when each business entity is seen as a rotating yoyo with a spin field around it, this fundamental difference seems to disappear and the seemingly unpredictable, chaotic consequences of human organizational desires and corresponding behaviors no longer look unpredictable and chaotic.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 9. Economic Eddies and Their Dynamic Equilibrium
Abstract
Continuing the presentation in the previous chapter, in what follows we will model in Sect. 9.1 each commercial firm as a specific, abstract spinning yoyo, referred to as an economic yoyo. Then, on the basis of the evolution of a flow of such yoyos, we can see how these economic yoyos interact with each other through combinations and breaking-ups. This end shows why there exist companies of different sizes in each economic sector or industry. Similar analysis shows why at any chosen moment of time in history, there are economic sectors and industries of various scales. In particular, we employ figurative analysis and relevant methodology to show how small economic entities could be inevitably bullied and destroyed by business empires.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 10. Dynamics Between Small and Large Projects
Abstract
In this chapter, we will investigate using analytic methods the roles of small and large projects in the development and evolution of a commercial company and why companies with a history of taking on large projects tend to eventually fail with large projects. From the point of view of the systemic yoyo model, this end seems to be quite clear. In particular, when a spinning yoyo focuses on taking in only smaller and weaker rotational fields, this specific yoyo will have a better chance to be long lasting and to grow with each acquisition of a smaller and weaker field than when it also takes in powerful rotational fields. On the other hand, when a spinning yoyo engages in conflicts only with same size or larger and stronger rotational fields, sooner or latter, this specific yoyo will have to face off with a much more powerful rotational field than it is. So, as soon as it faces with such a powerful field that is so powerful that it just simply destroys the specific spinning yoyo. For this end, please consult with Case Study 10.1 in Sect. 10.6 below.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest

Systemic Structure of the Human Mind

Frontmatter
Chapter 11. Nature and Man
Abstract
This chapter will show that human bodies are systems; the nature is also a system, consisting of many other systems, including humans. To this end, we make use of the traditional Chinese medicine, the classic, named Tao Te Ching, and the systemic yoyo model as the foundation of reasoning. The content of this chapter is mainly from (Lin and Forrest to appear a).
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 12. The Four Human Endowments
Abstract
The totality of each human being is of four-dimensional: body, mind, heart, and spirit. It is physically made up of flesh, bone, blood, hair, and brain cells, and systemically of self-awareness, imagination, conscience, and free will (Covey 1989, p. 70). By using self-awareness, he is able to examine his own thoughts and has the freedom to choose his response to whatever he comes across or whatever is imposed on him. With imagination, he is able to create a (fantasy) world in his mind beyond the present reality. With conscience, he is deeply aware of what is right and wrong, of the principles that govern his behavior, and a sense of the degree to which his thoughts and actions are in harmony with the principles. And he has free will to act based on his self-awareness, free of all other influences.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 13. Structures of Human Character and Thought
Abstract
Based on what has been investigated in the previous two chapters, this chapter is devoted to the study of the systemic structure of human character, thought, desire, and enthusiasm on a unified theoretical foundation (the systemic yoyo model and its figurative analysis) in order to establish tangible results that can be potentially useful in practice. Here, both desire and enthusiasm are two extremely important driving forces behind each and every personal and professional success ever recorded in history.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Chapter 14. Happiness, Fear, and Forced Struggle
Abstract
In this chapter, we will explore the underlying systemic mechanisms of happiness, fear, and self-confidence, and the advantages and values of forced labor, the structure of the mind, and the human nature by employing the recently established systemic yoyo model as the playground, intuition, and the foundation for the reasoning. We will show the connection between happiness and fear using systemic structures and how theoretically self-confidence can be established in any person of average intelligence. It is expected that these results can find their practical applications in educational settings in terms of introducing innovative programs for producing quality students and profitable employee trainings.
Yi Lin, Bailey Forrest
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Systemic Structure Behind Human Organizations
verfasst von
Yi Lin
Bailey Forrest
Copyright-Jahr
2012
Verlag
Springer New York
Electronic ISBN
978-1-4614-2311-9
Print ISBN
978-1-4614-2310-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2311-9

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