Temporal Analysis of a 3D Ellipsoid Channel Model for the Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Environments

In vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication scenarios, the antenna heights of the communicating nodes are typically lower than the heights of scattering objects in the vicinity of these nodes such that signal propagation in the elevation plane cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is necessary to consider three-dimensional (3D) space for modeling radio propagation in V2V communication environments. In this paper, the temporal characteristics of a 3D semi-ellipsoid geometrical channel model for V2V communication scenarios is presented by assuming uniform scatterer distribution around the mobile stations (MSs). Using the 3D semi-ellipsoid channel model, closed-form expressions for the joint probability density function (PDF) of the time-of-arrival (ToA) and angle-of-arrival (AoA) in azimuth and elevation planes is derived. A closed-form expression for the marginal PDF of ToA of the received signal is also provided. The proposed analytical results are compared with those obtained from some notable geometric channel models found in the literature.