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2022 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Textile Dye Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Biological Methods and Impact on Environment

verfasst von : H. Gimhani Madhushika, Thilini U. Ariyadasa, Sanja H. P. Gunawardena

Erschienen in: Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Wet processing (dyeing) of textiles consumes large quantities of water and during processing, considerable quantities of dyes remain unfixed, thus generating coloured effluent. Textile industry is a major contributor to environmental pollution and the second-highest source of water pollution in the world. Thus, dye-containing textile effluents should be properly treated (decolourized) until they reach the regulatory discharge limits. Dye decolourization techniques can be classified into three main categories: physical (membrane-filtration, sorption techniques, etc.) chemical (coagulation or flocculation, electro flotation, electrokinetic coagulation, conventional oxidation methods, irradiation, or electrochemical processes, etc.) and biological methods (using microorganisms or their enzymes). Chemical and physical decolourization have shown efficient colour removal in certain dyes. However, generation of large quantities of sludge that requires further treatment or disposal and the high cost are the main drawbacks of these methods. On the contrary, biological techniques are considered as attractive solutions for textile effluent decolourization due to low-cost, sustainability, and public acceptability. Biological decolourization of dyes can be a result of either biosorption or biodegradation or both. Release of coloured effluents containing dyes into the environment may result in health issues and environmental pollution. When coloured effluents get into water bodies, light penetration through water is reduced and thus affects the photosynthetic activities of aquatic flora, thereby severely limiting the food sources for aquatic organisms. Dyes are toxic to flora, fauna and humans and further, degradation of dyes may deplete dissolved oxygen levels in water and consequently affect aquatic organisms.

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Metadaten
Titel
Textile Dye Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Biological Methods and Impact on Environment
verfasst von
H. Gimhani Madhushika
Thilini U. Ariyadasa
Sanja H. P. Gunawardena
Copyright-Jahr
2022
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_9