Introduction
Study Area
Cultural Background
Materials and Methods
No. | Site | Region | Radiocarbon age BP | Sample code | Calibrated date BC (2σ) | Sample | Context | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bolków 1, concentration 1 | Pomerania | 10,280 ± 40 | MKL-1875 | 10,430–10,400 (1.7%) 10,290–10,260 (2.5%) 10,230–9880 (91.2%) | Charcoal | Pit no. 2 | Galiński 2015a, 11 |
2 | Bolków 1, concentration PF/2011, layer 7/6 | Pomerania | 9910 ± 50 | MKL-3349 | 9650–9600 (5.2%) 9550–9480 (5.2%) 9460–9270 (85%) | Birch wood | Settlement concentration | Galiński 2018, Table 1 |
3 | Bolków 1, concentration PF/2011, layer 6 | Pomerania | 9680 ± 50 | MKL-3351 | 9270–9120 (62.7%) 9080–9050 (1.7%) 9020–8840 (31%) | Birch wood | Settlement concentration | Galiński 2018, Table 1 |
4 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 10,455 ± 90 | GrN-5409 | 10,680–10,100 | Charcoal | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
5 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 10,140 ± 80 | Gd-1648 | 10,130–9450 | Charcoal | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
6 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 10,030 ± 120 | Gd-2147 | 10,060–9290 | Burned twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
7 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9935 ± 110 | GrN-5254 | 9980–9940 (1.0%) 9880–9230 (94.4%) | Charcoal | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
8 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9750 ± 80 | Gd-1662 | 9370–9110 (74.3%) 9080–9040 (2.0%) 9020–8840 (19.0%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
9 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9700 ± 80 | Gd-1717 | 9300–9100 (55.1%) 9090–8830 (40.3%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
10 | Grabek 11 | Central Poland | 10,430 ± 90 | Lod-939 | 10,630–10,060 | Peat | Connected with Swiderian settlement | Płaza et al. 2015, Table 2 |
11 | Kochlew 1 | Great Poland | 10,320 ± 220 | Lod-142 | 10,720–9440 (94.8%) 9430–9410 (0.6%) | Charcoal | Fireplace (structure V) | Cyrek 1996 |
12 | Kochlew 1 | Great Poland | 10,260 ± 210 | Lod-143 | 10,630–9340 | Peat | Connected with Swiderian settlement | Cyrek 1996 |
13 | Kopanica 29 | Great Poland | 10,470 ± 60 | Poz-76625 | 10,620–10,170 | Charcoal | Near campsite | Schild 2016, Table I |
14 | Krutynia River | Masuria | 10,045 ± 40 | AAR-26646 | 9810–9440 (92.3%) 9430–9400 (3.1%) | Lyngby axe of reindeer antler | Stray find | Philippsen et al. 2019, Table 1 |
15 | Łęg Ręczyński | Central Poland | 10,270 ± 220 | Lod-328 | 10,670–9340 | Peat | Connected with Swiderian settlement | Płaza et al. 2015, Table 2 |
16 | Łykowe 1 | Great Poland | 10,380 ± 220 | Lodz-148 | 10,760–9640 (90.7%) 9620–9460 (4.7%) | Charcoal | Next to Late Palaeolithic artefacts | Cyrek 1996 |
17 | Mokracz | Central Poland | 10,260 ± 210 | Lod-280 | 10,630–9330 | Charcoal | Settlement layer | Płaza et al. 2015, Table 2 |
18 | Morąg | Masuria | 9840 ± 45 | AAR-26647 | 9380–9240 | Lyngby axe of reindeer antler | Stray find | Philippsen et al. 2019, Table 1 |
19 | Murowana Goślina | Great Poland | 9890 ± 50 | Poz-15118 | 9650–9610 (2.4%) 9520–9500 (1.4%) 9460–9250 (91.6%) | Lyngby axe of reindeer antler | Stray find | Goslar et al. 2006, 7 |
20 | Wojnowo 2, WKT I/88 | Lubusz Land | 9880 ± 170 | Gd-2976 | 10,050–9110 (86.3%) 9090–8830 (9.1%) | Charred wood | Peat bog near campsite | |
21 | Wojnowo 2, WKT I/88 | Lubusz Land | 10,130 ± 120 | Gd-2975 | 10,280–10,270 (0.3%) 10,210–9310 (95.1%) | Charred wood | Peat bog near campsite | |
22 | Wojnowo 2, WKT I/86 | Lubusz Land | 10,260 ± 100 | Gd-5045 | 10,560–10,560 (0.2%) 10,470–9660 (94.9%) 9570–9560 (0.3%) | Charcoal | Peat bog near campsite | |
23 | Wojnowo 2, WKT I/88 | Lubusz Land | 10,340 ± 130 | Gd-6096 | 10,630–9750 (94.7%) 9720–9690 (0.7%) | Charcoal | Peat bog near campsite | |
24 | Wojnowo 4, WTIII/11 | Lubusz Land | 10,000 ± 60 | Poz-43873 | 9800–9780 (1.4%) 9780–9310 (94.0%) | Charcoal | Peat bog near campsite | |
25 | Wojnowo a | Lubusz Land | 10,410 ± 50 | Poz-66522 | 10,580–10,520 (6.7%) 10,490–10,120 (88.7%) | Charcoal | Flint concentration | Kobusiewicz 2016, 179 |
26 | Wojnowo a | Lubusz Land | 10,400 ± 50 | Poz-66524 | 10,570–10,520 (4.4%) 10,480–10,110 (91.0%) | Charcoal | Flint concentration | Kobusiewicz 2016, 179 |
27 | Wojnowo a | Lubusz Land | 10,310 ± 50 | Poz-66521 | 10,440–10,000 (93.9%) 9920–9900 (1.5%) | Charcoal | Flint concentration | Kobusiewicz 2016, 179 |
28 | Wojnowo a | Lubusz Land | 10,250 ± 50 | Poz-66523 | 10,420–10,410 (0.2%) 10,280–10,260 (0.7%) 10,220–9810 (94.5%) | Charcoal | Flint concentration | Kobusiewicz 2016, 179 |
29 | Wojnowo a | Lubusz Land | 10,210 ± 50 | Poz-66525 | 10,170–9800 (94.5%) 9790–9770 (0.9%) | Charcoal | Flint concentration | Kobusiewicz 2016, 179 |
No. | Site | Region | Radiocarbon age BP | Sample code | Calibrated date BC (2σ) | Sample | Context | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bolków 1, layer 5 | Pomerania | 9480 ± 50 | MKL-3350 | 9120–9000 (21.4%) 8920–8890 (3.1%) 8880–8630 (70.9%) | ? | Refuse area | Galiński 2018, Table 1 |
2 | Bolków 1, layer 5 | Pomerania | 9420 ± 90 | MKL-3352 | 9140–8970 (13.9%) 8940–8460 (81.5%) | ? | Refuse area | Galiński 2018, 23 |
3 | Bolków 1, layer 5 | Pomerania | 9320 ± 40 | MKL-1877 | 8710–8460 | Animal bone | Layer in concentration ‘S’ | Galiński 2014, 85 |
4 | Bolków 1, layer 5/6 | Pomerania | 9110 ± 50 | Gd-3428 | 8460–8250 | Charcoal | Layer in concentration ‘E’ | Galiński 2014, 85 |
5 | Bolków 1, layer 5/6 | Pomerania | 9030 ± 50 | Poz-55826 | 8320–8190 (88.9%) 8110–8090 (1.5%) 8080–8060 (0.7%) 8040–7990 (4.2%) | Animal bone | Layer in concentration ‘E’ | Galiński 2014, 85 |
6 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9510 ± 70 | CAMS-20867 | 9150–8640 | Charred Polygonum tuber | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
7 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9410 ± 110 | Gd-2734 | 9140–8420 (93.3%) 8410–8390 (0.7%) 8380–8350 (1.4%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
8 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9390 ± 70 | CAMS-20870 | 9110–9080 (1.4%) 9050–9020 (1.2%) 8840–8450 (92.8%) | Charred Polygonum tuber | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
9 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9380 ± 80 | Gd-1721 | 9120–9080 (1.8%) 9060–9020 (1.6%) 8840–8420 (89.8%) 8410–8350 (2.3%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
10 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9370 ± 60 | Gd-1719 | 8800–8470 | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
11 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9350 ± 100 | Gd-2198 | 9120–9080 (1.7%) 9060–9020 (1.6%) 8840–8300 (92.1%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
12 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9250 ± 55 | GrN-5251 | 8620–8320 | Charcoal | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
13 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9200 ± 75 | GrN-5442 | 8610–8290 | Charcoal | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
14 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9080 ± 100 | Gd-2149 | 8570–8160 (81.7%) 8150–7970 (13.7%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
15 | Całowanie 3 | Mazovia | 9030 ± 50 | Gd-3041 | 8320–8190 (88.9%) 8110–8090 (1.5%) 8080–8060 (0.7%) 8040–7990 (4.2%) | Charred twig | Shore zone of island | Schild 2014, Table II |
16 | Chwalim 1, Bed 2, base | Lubusz Land | 9565 ± 90 | Gd-1164 | 9230–8710 (94.9%) 8670–8660 (0.5%) | Charcoal | Short settlement layer | Kobusiewicz and Kabaciński, 1993, Table 55 |
17 | Chwalim 1, Bed 2, top | Lubusz Land | 9500 ± 75 | Bln-1766 | 9150–8630 | Charcoal | Short settlement layer | Kobusiewicz and Kabaciński, 1993, Table 55 |
18 | Chwalim 1, Bed 2, top | Lubusz Land | 9385 ± 75 | Gd-1165 | 9120–9070 (1.7%) 9060–9020 (1.5%) 8840–8430 (91.6%) 8370–8350 (0.6%) | Wood | Short settlement layer | Kobusiewicz and Kabaciński, 1993, Table 55 |
19 | Dudka 1, cut I | Masuria | 9710 ± 150 | Gd-4305 | 9660–9580 (2.0%) 9550–8700 (92.6%) 8680–8650 (0.8%) | Charcoal | Bank zone of lake | |
20 | Dudka 1, cut I | Masuria | 9610 ± 70 | Gd-3310 | 9230–8790 | Charcoal | Littoral of lake | |
21 | Dudka 1, cut I | Masuria | 9130 ± 130 | Gd-6698 | 8710–8670 (1.5%) 8660–8160 (84.6%) 8150–7970 (9.3%) | Charcoal | Bank zone of lake | |
22 | Łajty 1 | Masuria | 9420 ± 100 | Gd-8027 | 9150–8450 (95.2%) 8360–8360 (0.2%) | ? | Cultural layer | Sulgostowska 1996, 300 |
23 | Łajty 1 | Masuria | 9240 ± 320 | Gd-4584 | 9320–7600 | ? | Cultural layer | Sulgostowska 1996, 300 |
24 | Łajty 1 | Masuria | 9150 ± 200 | Gd-4588 | 9120–9010 (2.5%) 8920–8900 (0.4%) 8860–7750 (92.5%) | ? | Cultural layer | Sulgostowska 1996, 300 |
25 | Smolno Wielkie 2 | Lubusz Land | 9580 ± 40 | Poz-58470 | 9172–9169 (0.3%) 9160–8790 (95.1%) | Charcoal | Peat bog | Schild 2016, Table I |
26 | Tanowo 3 | Pomerania | 9150 ± 55 | Poz-1378 | 8540–8510 (5.1%) 8490–8270 (90.3%) | Bone | Concentration in cut XVIII/1001–02 | Galiński 2015b, 18 |
No. | Site | Region | Radiocarbon age BP | Sample name | Calibrated date BC (2σ) | Sample | Context | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bütsee-Altfriesack | Brandenburg | 10,480 ± 75 | OxA-8742 | 10,670–10,150 | Harpoon Havel type 12B | Stray find | Cziesla and Pettitt 2003, 24 |
2 | Bütsee-Altfriesack | Brandenburg | 10,020 ± 60 | OxA-8841 | 9820–9320 | Harpoon Havel type 12B | Stray find | Cziesla and Pettitt 2003, 24 |
3 | Groß Lieskow | Lusatia | 10,420 ± 100 | LZ-1353 | 10,660–10,030 | Charcoal | Destroyed fireplace (?) | Bittmann and Pasda 1999, Tab. 1 |
4 | Groß Lieskow | Lusatia | 9780 ± 75 | LZ-1345 | 9440–9120 (88.0%) 9000–8920 (6.3%) 8890–8860 (1.0%) | Charcoal | Destroyed fireplace (?) | Bittmann and Pasda 1999, Tab. 1 |
5 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 10,220 ± 100 | OxA-9031 | 10,440–9650 (91.5%) 9610–9530 (2.9%) 9490–9460 (1.0%) | Reindeer femur | Settlement layer | Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002, 30–31 |
6 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 10,090 ± 100 | KN-4023 | 10,080–9330 | Lagopus lagopus bone | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
7 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 10,030 ± 60 | KN-4254A | 9850–9320 | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
8 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 10,000 ± 50 | KN-4252 | 9760–9320 | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
9 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 9995 ± 65 | OxA-9032 | 9760–9710 (4.0%) 9700–9290 (91.4%) | Lagopus lagopus tarsometatarsus | Settlement layer | Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002, 30–31 |
10 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 9900 ± 45 | KN-4254B | 9650–9610 (2.0%) 9520–9500 (0.8%) 9460–9260 (92.5%) | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
11 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 9685 ± 50 | KN-4254C | 9270–9120 (66.0%) 9070–9060 (1.3%) 9010–8910 (22.4%) 8910–8840 (5.8%) | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
12 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 9550 ± 90 | KN-4072 | 9230–8700 (93.7%) 8680–8650 (1.7%) | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
13 | Kartstein abri | Eifel | 9530 ± 90 | KN-4073 | 9210–8690 (91.2%) 8690–8640 (4.2%) | Reindeer bone | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
14 | Nahe LA 11 | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,172 ± 45 | KIA-23370 | 10,100–9750 (92.9%) 9720–9690 (2.5%) | Reindeer bone/antler | Settlement horizon | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
15 | Nahe LA 11 | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,142 ± 49 | KIA-23371 | 10,090–9650 (92.9%) 9580–9550 (1.9%) 9480–9460 (0.6%) | Reindeer bone/antler | Settlement horizon | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
16 | Potsdam-Schlaatz | Brandenburg | 9936 ± 40 | KIA-5665 | 9650–9600 (6.7%) 9550–9480 (6.5%) 9460–9290 (82.2%) | Rib of Bos primigenius | Butchery site | Benecke et al. 2002, Table 1 |
17 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,160 ± 90 | KN-2222 | 10,200–9440 (94.9%) 9430–9410 (0.5%) | Bone | Kettle hole | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
18 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,140 ± 105 | K-4326 | 10,200–9360 (95.2%) 9350–9340 (0.2%) | Marrow split long bone of reindeer | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
19 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,100 ± 100 | K-4578 | 10,100–9340 | Marrow split long bone of reindeer | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
20 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,080 ± 80 | KN-2221 | 10,050–9370 | Bone and antler | Kettle hole | Weber et al. 2011, Table 1 |
21 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,010 ± 105 | K-4262 | 10,010–9920 (5.2%) 9890–9290 (90.2%) | Reindeer antler with skull | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
22 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 10,010 ± 100 | K-4325 | 10,010–9920 (4.4%) 9890–9290 (91.0%) | Bison bone | Kettle hole | |
23 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 9990 ± 105 | K-4581 | 10,000–9930 (3.4%) 9890–9270 (92.0%) | Reindeer antler with skull | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
24 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 9980 ± 105 | K-4579 | 9990–9930 (2.5%) 9880–9260 (92.9%) | Reindeer antler
| Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
25 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 9930 ± 100 | K-4323 | 9850–9840 (0.5%) 9830–9240 (94.9%) | Shed antler of reindeer | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
26 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 9900 ± 105 | K-4324 | 9850–9840 (0.3%) 9830–9190 (95.1%) | Reindeer antler with skull | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
27 | Stellmoor | Schleswig-Holstein | 9810 ± 100 | K-4580 | 9670–9120 (86.1) 9080–9060 (0.6%) 9020–8840 (8.7%) | Reindeer antler with skull | Kettle hole | Fischer and Tauber 1986, 9 |
28 | Wustermark 22 | Brandenburg | 10,389 ± 57 | Bln-5646 | 10,570–10,520 (4.0%) 10,480–10,080 (91.4%) | Pine wood fragment | Water body shore at a camp | Gramsch and Beran 2010, 100 |
29 | Wustermark 22 | Brandenburg | 10,370 ± 75 | Ua-24701 | 10,580–10,510 (5.3%) 10,490–10,020 (90.1%) | Fishhook of bone | Water body shore at a camp | Gramsch and Beran 2010, 100 |
30 | Wustermark 22 | Brandenburg | 10,050 ± 80 | Bln-5645 | 10,010–9920 (5.6%) 9890–9320 (89.8%) | Wood fragment | Water body shore at a camp | Gramsch and Beran 2010, 100 |
31 | Wustermark 22 | Brandenburg | 10,005 ± 70 | Ua-20962 | 9820–9300 | Ornamented elk antler artefact | Water body shore at a camp | Gramsch and Beran 2010, 100 |
No. | Site | Region | Radiocarbon age BP | Sample name | Calibrated date BC (2σ) | Sample | Context | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 10,670 ± 100 | KN-4138 | 10,800–10,450 | Skull of Bos 93/106-2 | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
2 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 10,290 ± 100 | KN-4137 | 10,570–10,520 (1.8%) 10,480–9760 (93.2%) 9720–9700 (0.4%) | Skull of Bos 96/105-2 | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
3 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 10,140 ± 100 | KN-4139 | 10,180–9370 | Skull of Bos 87/108-2 | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
4 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 10,020 ± 100 | KN-4136 | 10,010–9920 (5.4%) 9890–9290 (90.0%) | Skull of Bos 96/108-1 | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
5 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 9780 ± 100 | KN-3999 | 9650–9600 (1.6%) 9530–9490 (1.3%) 9460–8820 (92.5%) | Wood | Settlement layer | Street 1991, Table 24.1 |
6 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 9740 ± 100 | KN-4135 | 9400–8800 | Skull of Bos 90/108-2 | Settlement layer | Street et al. 1994, Table 1 |
7 | Bedburg-Königshoven | Lower Rhineland | 9600 ± 100 | KN-3998 | 9260–8720 | Wood | Settlement layer | Street 1991, Table 24.1 |
8 | Bütsee-Altfriesack | Brandenburg | 10,185 ± 65 | OxA-8743 | 10,190–9660 (94.6%) 9580–9550 (0.8%) | Point of Duvensee type | Stray find | Cziesla and Pettitt 2003, 26 |
9 | Bütsee-Altfriesack | Brandenburg | 9505 ± 80 | OxA-8726 | 9170–8630 | Point of Duvensee type | Stray find | Cziesla and Pettitt 2003, 26 |
10 | Bütsee-Altfriesack | Brandenburg | 9195 ± 65 | OxA-8744 | 8570–8280 | Point of Ptitzerbe type | Stray find | Cziesla and Pettitt 2003, 26 |
11 | Duvensee 1 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9200 ± 160 | KI-1883.01 | 9120–9070 (0.9%) 9060–9020 (0.8%) 8840–7960 (93.7%) | Charcoal | ? | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
12 | Duvensee 1 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9170 ± 120 | KI-1883.02 | 8750–8200 (94.1%) 8110–8090 (0.4%) 8040–8010 (0.9%) | Hazelnut shell | Settlement debris | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
13 | Duvensee 1 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9095 ± 170 | H-431/379 | 8750–7750 | Hazelnut shell | Settlement debris | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
14 | Duvensee 2 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9420 ± 130 | KI-1884.01 | 9180–8350 | Charcoal | ? | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
15 | Duvensee 2 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9280 ± 100 | KI-1884.02 | 8760–8290 | Hazelnut shell | Settlement debris | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
16 | Duvensee 6 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9100 ± 130 | KI-1111 | 8700–8670 (0.8%) 8650–7940 (94.6%) | Hazelnut shell | Settlement debris | Bokelmann et al. 1982, 25, Table 1 |
17 | Duvensee 6 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9090 ± 130 | KI-1113 | 8690–8680 (0.2%) 8640–7940 (93.7%) 7930–7920 (0.2%) 7900–7840 (1.3%) | Hazelnut shell | Settlement debris | Bokelmann et al. 1982, 25, Table 1 |
18 | Duvensee 8 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9640 ± 100 | KI-1818 | 9280–8760 | Birchbark mat | Settlement floor | Bokelmann et al. 1982, 25, Table 1 |
19 | Duvensee 8 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9440 ± 130 | KI-1885.03 | 9220–8430 (94.4%) 8401–8396 (0.2%) 8370–8350 (0.8%) | Charcoal | ? | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
20 | Duvensee 8 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9420 ± 130 | KI-1885.01 | 9180–8350 | Hazelnut shell | ? | Bokelmann et al. 1982, Table 1 |
21 | Duvensee 8 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9410 ± 110 | KI-1819 | 9140–8420 (93.3%) 8410–8390 (0.7%) 8380–8350 (1.4%) | Birchbark mat | Settlement floor | Bokelmann et al. 1982, 25, Table 1 |
22 | Duvensee 9 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9600 ± 90 | KI-3043 | 9250–8750 | Charcoal | Fireplace | Bokelmann 1991, Table 1 |
23 | Duvensee 9 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9590 ± 90 | KI-3041 | 9250–8740 | Charcoal | Fireplace | Bokelmann 1991, Table 1 |
24 | Duvensee 9 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9440 ± 80 | KI-3044 | 9140–8970 (16.5%) 8940–8540 (78.3%) 8510–8490 (0.6%) | Charcoal | Fireplace | Bokelmann 1991, Table 1 |
25 | Duvensee 9 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9380 ± 80 | KI-3042 | 9120–9080 (1.8%) 9060–9020 (1.6%) 8840–8420 (89.8%) 8410–8350 (2.3%) | Charcoal | Fireplace | Bokelmann 1991, Table 1 |
26 | Duvensee 11 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9379 ± 35 | KIA-17064 | 8750–8570 | Hazelnut shell | Settlement layer | Bokelmann 2012. 372 |
27 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9680 ± 70 | Bln-3036 | 9280–9110 (51.2%) 9090–8830 (44.2%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-1 | Gramsch 2012, 8 |
28 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9670 ± 60 | Bln-3026 | 9270–9110 (50.7%) 9090–8840 (44.7%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-1 | Gramsch 2012, 9 |
29 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9640 ± 70 | Bln-2828 | 9250–8810 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-1 | |
30 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9640 ± 70 | Bln-3019 | 9250–8810 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-3 | |
31 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9640 ± 60 | Bln-3020 | 9250–8830 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-3 | |
32 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9630 ± 100 | Bln-2756 | 9270–8760 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-1 | |
33 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9580 ± 60 | Bln-3001 | 9200–8780 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-2 | |
34 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9580 ± 100 | Bln-2761 | 9250–8710 (94.8%) 8670–8660 (0.6%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-1 | |
35 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9490 ± 100 | Bln-2753 | 9200–8570 | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-3 | |
36 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9450 ± 65 | Bln-1914 | 9120–9000 (14.1%) 8920–8570 (81.3%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex I-3 | |
37 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9420 ± 100 | Bln-2760 | 9150–8450 (95.2%) 8360–8360 (0.2%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex II-1 | Gramsch 2012, 9 |
38 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9420 ± 80 | Bln-3705 | 9130–9000 (10.8%) 8930–8470 (84.6%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex II-2 | Gramsch 2012, 9 |
39 | Friesack 4 | Brandenburg | 9400 ± 70 | Bln-3018 | 9120–9070 (2.1%) 9060–9010 (1.9%) 8850–8460 (91.4%) | Charcoal | Water body shore at a camp; Subcomplex II-1 | Gramsch 2012, 9 |
40 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9775 ± 45 | KIA-46296 | 9310–9190 | Bone (Equus ferus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
41 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9680 ± 35 | KIA-46733 | 9260–9120 (77.6%) 9000–8920 (17.4%) 8880–8880 (0.4%) | Bone (Castor fiber) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
42 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9645 ± 65 | KIA-46734 | 9250–8820 | Bone (Bos primigenius) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
43 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9610 ± 33 | KIA-46297 | 9210–9100 23.9%) 9090–8830 (71.5%) | Bone (Capreolus capreolus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
44 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9545 ± 50 | KN-5848 | 9150–8750 | Wood, charcoal (Pinus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
45 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9400 ± 60 | KN-5846 | 9110–9090 (0.6%) 8840–8540 (93.2%) 8510–8480 (1.6%) | Bark | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 1 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
46 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9940 ± 60 | KN-5844 | 9740–9730 (0.6%) 9670–9280 (94.8%) | Charcoal (Pinus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 2 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
47 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9530 ± 55 | KN-5845 (?) | 9150–8720 | Charcoal (Pinus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 2 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
48 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9458 ± 64 | KN-5845 | 9130–9000 (16.7%) 8920–8560 (77.9%) 8590–8570 (0.8%) | Wood (Pinus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 2 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
49 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9400 ± 70 | Bln-3215 | 9120–9070 (2.1%) 9060–9010 (1.9%) 8850–8460 (91.4%) | Peat | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 2 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
50 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9565 ± 40 | KIA-46298 | 9150–8790 | Bone (Sus scrofa) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 3 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
51 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9531 ± 33 | KIA-49735 | 9130–9000 (45.9%) 8930–8750 (49.5%) | Bone (Capreolus capreolus) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 3 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
52 | Friesack 27a | Brandenburg | 9480 ± 60 | KN-5843 | 9130–8980 (24.7%) 8930–8620 (70.7%) | Charcoal (Salix) | Water body shore at a camp; Layer Complex 3 | Groß 2014, Fig. 2 |
53 | Greven-Schencking sandpit | Westphalia | 9402 ± 32 | MAMS-18465 | 8780–8610 | Bone point with small barbs | Stray find | Baales et al. 2015, 457 |
54 | Haverbeck | Lower Rhinland | 9505 ± 40 | GrA-38367 | 9130–9000 (33.7%) 8930–8710 (60.9%) 8670–8660 (0.8%) | Charcoal | Shallow pit | Tolksdorf et al. 2009, Table 1 |
55 | Haverbeck | Lower Rhineland | 9425 ± 105 | Hv-23306 | 9160–8440 (94.9%) 8370–8350 (0.5%) | Charcoal | Shallow pit | Tolksdorf et al. 2009, Table 1 |
56 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9608 ± 44 | RICH-22176 | 9210–8820 | Antler tine, production waste (ID15314) | Gyttja (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
57 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9518 ± 46 | KIA-51074 | 9140–8970 (40.7%) 8940–8710 (54.7%) | Antler frontlet (ID 15863) | Basal sand (refuse area?) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
58 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9349 ± 35 | KIA-51093 | 8730–8540 (93.5%) 8510–8490 (1.9%) | Antler axe (ID 13843) | Brushwood layer (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
59 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9309 ± 51 | KIA-51086 | 8710–8420 (90.6%) 8410–8390 (1.5%) 8380–8350 (3.3%) | Axe head (ID 15324) | Above gyttja (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
60 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9278 ± 44 | RICH-22650 | 8630–8350 | Point of Duvensee type (ID 14926) | Peat (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
61 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9205 ± 43 | KIA-51087 | 8550–8500 (12.4%) 8500–8300 (83%) | Simple bone point (ID 15610) | Peat (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
62 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9055 ± 44 | RICH-22172 | 8330–8220 | Simple bone point (ID 15610) | Peat (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
63 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9180 ± 40 | KIA-35740 | 8540–8510 (4.7%) 8490–8290 (90.7%) | Wild horse bone | Layer a | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
64 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9109 ± 49 | RICH-22640 | 8460–8250 | Point of Duvensee type (ID 13743) | Peat (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
65 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9064 ± 43 | RICH-22175 | 8330–8230 | Artefact fragment (ID 15325) | Gyttja or above gyttja (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
66 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9043 ± 42 | KIA-51090 | 8310–8220 | Simple bone point (ID 13692) | Below upper peat (refuse area) | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
67 | Hohen Viecheln 1 | Mecklenburg | 9015 ± 43 | RICH-22646 | 8300–8200 (89.4%) 8110–8090 (1.4%) 8070–8070 (0.4%) 8040–8000 (4.2%) | Point of Pritzerbe type (ID 16090) | Sand | Groß et al. 2019, Table 8 |
68 | Mönchengladbach-Geneicken | Rhineland | 9246 ± 48 | COL-2616 | 8610–8320 | Aurochs bone | Killing site | Heinen 2014, 302 |
69 | Paderborn-Sande | Westphalia | 9591 ± 30 | MAMS-14119 | 9160–8810 | Elk antler mattock-head | Stray find | Baales et al. 2015, 457 |
70 | Unseburg | Saxony-Anhalt | 9420 ± 45 | OxA-29230 | 8810–8600 (92.4%) 8590–8570 (1.2%) | Rib fragment | Grave of 50–55-year-old woman | Grünberg 2016, 240, Fig. 2 |
71 | Unseburg | Saxony-Anhalt | 9410 ± 45 | OxA-31094 | 8800–8570 | Rib fragment | Grave of 50–55-year-old woman | Grünberg 2016, 240, Fig. 2 |
72 | Unseburg | Saxony-Anhalt | 9375 ± 40 | OxA-31095 | 8760–8560 | Rib fragment | Grave of 50–55-year-old woman | Grünberg 2016, 240, Fig. 2 |
73 | Wehldorf 7 | Schleswig-Holstein | 9430 ± 60 | KIA-4645 | 9120–9070 (3.4%) 9060–9010 (3.1%) 8910–8900 (0.3%) 8850–8560 (88.5%) | ? | ? | Galiński 2015c, 49 |
74 | Werl-Büderich | Westphalia | 9923 ± 33 | MAMS-15941 | 9640–9630 (0.6%) 9622–9618 (0.2%) 9460–9290 (94.6%) | Charcoal | Fireplace at the flint concentration | Baales et al. 2015, 456 |
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sequential—the phases succeed one another, with possibility of hiatus between them;
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contiguous—the phases directly succeed one another, with no interruption;
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overlapping—the order of the phases is unknown, or one phase begins before the other ends.