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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. The Development and Prospects of Business Association Since 1978

verfasst von : Jun Zhou, Xiaocui Zhao

Erschienen in: The Palgrave Handbook of Local Governance in Contemporary China

Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore

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Abstract

A wide variety of nonprofit organizations mushroomed during the global “associational revolution” in the 1970s and 1980s (Salarmon et al. 2002, p. 4) and China was no exception. Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978, its government has gradually loosened the control over the society, allowing some civil society organizations to develop under its supervision. Under such circumstances, business associations revived along with the booming economy in China and grew into a force in civil society that could not be ignored. Their influence over Chinese economic development, industry, and market governance, and even social governance, is increasing. Therefore, it makes great sense to look back and study the history of business associations in China—right from the start of reform and opening up—understand the background, and locate the impetus of their development, as it will no doubt inform us about the relationship between China’s social organizations and the government.

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Fußnoten
1
As early as 1994, the United States had implemented the CR Law (“CR” is an acronym for “Child Resistant” and was developed by the European Committee for Standardization). According to this law, all lighters below US$2, before entry to the US market, must be mounted with a safety lock to prevent accidental use by children. However, the CR patent was mainly owned by US and European manufacturers, and Wenzhou lighter manufactures failed to take corresponding measures. As a result, most Wenzhou lighters had to exit the US market. In September 2001, as requested by some European lighter manufacturers, the European Union also issued the CR Law, requiring a safety lock for all lighters below €2. In this case, the Wenzhou Smoking Set Association and membership enterprises made several negotiations with related European countries with regard to the CR Law.
 
2
Eight categories of organizations include industry associations, nonlocal chambers of commerce, social organizations in public service, social service, economy, technology, sports, and culture.
 
3
Organizational separation: regulate comprehensive supervision relationship; functional separation: regulate administrative entrustment and division of responsibilities; financial separation: regulate property relationship; separation of personnel management: regulate employment relationship; and separation of party construction and foreign affairs: regulate management relationship.
 
4
For example, on September 13, 2017, the executive meeting of the State Council required that related departments shall be urgent to issue measures to rectify repeat, high, and excessive charges and resolutely ban illegal charges.
 
Literatur
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Metadaten
Titel
The Development and Prospects of Business Association Since 1978
verfasst von
Jun Zhou
Xiaocui Zhao
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer Nature Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2799-5_11