The High D-Glucose Concentration Reduces the Ability of Wound Healing in Vitro of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Persistent hyperglycemia causes many microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetics. Chronic wounds are one of the most common complications. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) shows great potential for chronic wound healing because of their ability to secrete many factors to stimulate migration, growth, angiogenic. In previous research, we were determined that diabetic AT-MSCs (dAT-MSCs) impaired the ability of wound healing compared with non-diabetic AT-MSCs (nAT-MSCs). In this study, we aim to examine the effect of high D-glucose concentration on the mobility of nAT-MSCs and wound healing in vitro. The expression of migratory genes was determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In vitro scratch assay was used to examine the healing ability of nAT-MSCs under the influence of high D-glucose concentration. The results show that high D-glucose treated-nAT-MSCs were reduced the expression of migration factors (SDF-1 and CXCR-4), which suggested the high D-glucose treated-nAT-MSCs may decrease their migration mobility compared with those of non-treated nAT-MSCs. Moreover, the wound healing ability in vitro was impaired high D-glucose treated-nAT-MSCs compared with those of non-treated nAT-MSCs. Interestingly, the migration mobility of nAT-MSCs under the effect of high D-glucose condition was similar to those of dAT-MSCs. Our study provides further insight into the impact of high D-glucose levels on reducing wound healing ability of nAT-MSCs in supporting of the improving AT-MSC function in the treatment of diabetic complications.