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Contemporary Problems of Ecology
Erschienen in: Contemporary Problems of Ecology 7/2021

01.12.2021

The Role of Vegetation in the Regulation of Heavy Metal Fluxes in the Subtaiga Forest Ecosystems of the Center of the East European Plain

verfasst von: O. S. Zheleznova, S. A. Tobratov

Erschienen in: Contemporary Problems of Ecology | Ausgabe 7/2021

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Abstract

In the methodology of critical loads, woody vegetation is considered to be the main source of ecosystem buffer capacity for potential pollution. However, the role of vegetation in the regulation of heavy-metal (HM) fluxes in forest ecosystems is still poorly studied. This paper analyses factors that affect the biogeochemical sustainability of forest ecosystems with respect to the influx of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd) based on the example of subtaiga ecosystems of the southern Meshchera (Ryazan oblast): the patterns of their translocation and accumulation in plant organs, the species composition of vegetation and geochemical specialization of species; the rate of biological productivity of forest stands; and the organization of forest lands, including the proportion of anthropogenically disturbed areas. The study results are based on materials from the soil and biogeochemical sampling in 2013–2014, inventory data, and balance studies. It is shown that the Cd accumulation in stemwood may be determined by its transport in the xylem sap in the form of free ions, while the Cu accumulation is associated with the acceptor function of the xylem, which requires Cu-containing enzymes for the lignification of its cells. Schematic maps were constructed for the annual immobilization of HMs in the trunk and tree butt biomass. It has been determined that the spatial patterns of HM accumulation in phytomass significantly depend on the species structure of the stands. The maximum level of Cu accumulation was found in plots dominated by arid-anionic pines, while the maximum levels of Zn and Cd accumulation were recorded for plots dominated by more humid-cationic species, birch and aspen. The spatial heterogeneity of the stand bioproductivity significantly depends on the landscape structure of the area: features of buried morphostructures and the surface relief. The results of balance studies show that the phytomass of subtaiga ecosystems can immobilize up to 46% of atmospheric depositions of biophile elements (Cu and Zn) and less than 10% of atmospheric input of toxic Cd. In addition, Zn is deficient in the southern Meshchera, while Cu and, in particular, Cd are abundant in this area.
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Metadaten
Titel
The Role of Vegetation in the Regulation of Heavy Metal Fluxes in the Subtaiga Forest Ecosystems of the Center of the East European Plain
verfasst von
O. S. Zheleznova
S. A. Tobratov
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2021
Verlag
Pleiades Publishing
Erschienen in
Contemporary Problems of Ecology / Ausgabe 7/2021
Print ISSN: 1995-4255
Elektronische ISSN: 1995-4263
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425521070167

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