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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. The U.S. Small Business Innovation Research Program

verfasst von : Albert N. Link, Laura T. R. Morrison

Erschienen in: Innovative Activity in Minority-Owned and Women-Owned Business

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

In this chapter, we provide in some detail the legislative background of the SBIR program as well as an overview of the SBIR data used in the analyses in the following chapters. We provide this background information not only for context but also to give perspective to the types of businesses and research projects considered empirically in the following chapters.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Background Literature Review

Nächstes Kapitel The 2005 National Research Council Database

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Much of this section draws directly from Leyden and Link (2015). We have written about the legislative background of the SBIR program many times, so duplication of both text and emphasis is inevitable.

For a joint assessment of purposes (1) and (4), see Link and Scott (2018).

The set-aside percentage has slowly increased over time. It was increased in the 1992 reauthorization to 2.5%. The 2008 reauthorization set forth a plan for slow increases in the set-aside percentage, but those milestones were not met. The set-aside was 2.5% in 2011 and it increased by 0.1% points each year through 2016. In 2017 it was increased to 3.2%.

See: https://ies.ed.gov/sbir/2018awards.asp Phase I awards were originally less than $50,000 for the 6-month award period. Current awards may not exceed guideline amounts by more than 50%; $225,000 for Phase I. Agencies must report all awards exceeding the guideline amounts and must receive a special waiver from SBA to exceed the guideline amounts by more than 50%.

See: https://ies.ed.gov/sbir/2018awards.asp Phase II awards were originally less than $500,000 for the 2-year award period. Current awards may not exceed guideline amounts by more than 50%; $1.5 million for Phase II. Agencies must report all awards exceeding the guideline amounts and must receive a special waiver from SBA to exceed the guideline amounts by more than 50%.

See: https://ies.ed.gov/sbir/2018awards.asp.

This section draws from https://www.archive.defense.gov/about/, https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/defense-department.

https://www.darpa.mil/about-us/darpa-history-and-timeline?PP=6, and https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/06/19/u-s-military-budget-inches-closer-to-1-trillion-mark-as-concerns-over-federal-deficit-grow/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.237e6c53f94a.

The section draws from https://history.nih.gov/exhibits/history/index.htm.

https://history.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-almanac/about-nih, and https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-almanac/legistlative-chronology.

This section draws from https://www.history.nasa.gov/printFriendly/factsheet.htm and http://www.time.com/3964417/nasa-history-1958.

This section draws from https://www.energy.gov/management/office-management/operational-management/brief-history-department-energy, https://www.energy.gov/about-us, and https://www.energy.gov/science-innovation/climate-change.

This section draws from https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/sensational60.pdf,

https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/nsf50/nsf8816.jsp, https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/overview-50.jsp, and

https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/nsf50/truman1948_address.jsp.

Joint Hearings before the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. (October 31, 1979).

Leyden, D. P., & Link, A. N. (2015). Public sector entrepreneurship: U.S. technology and innovation policy. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRef

Link, A. N., & Scott, J. T. (2018). Toward an assessment of the U.S. small business research (SBIR) program at the National Institutes of Health. Science and Public Policy, 45(1), 83–91.CrossRef

Tibbetts, R. (1999). The Small Business Innovation Research program and NSF SBIR commercialization results. In SBIR—The Small Business Innovation Research program challenges and opportunities (pp. 129–167). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Titel: The U.S. Small Business Innovation Research Program
verfasst von: Albert N. Link
Laura T. R. Morrison
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Innovative Activity in Minority-Owned and Women-Owned Business
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21533-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-21534-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21534-7_3

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Abstract

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